34. Sales and Trade

٣٤۔ كتاب البيوع

34.95 Where there is no fixed judgement, the traditions and conventions of community are to be referred

٣٤۔٩٥ بَابُ مَنْ أَجْرَى أَمْرَ الأَمْصَارِ عَلَى مَا يَتَعَارَفُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الْبُيُوعِ وَالإِجَارَةِ وَالْمِكْيَالِ، وَالْوَزْنِ، وَسُنَنِهِمْ عَلَى نِيَّاتِهِمْ وَمَذَاهِبِهِمِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ

[Machine] "And Shurayh said to the merchants, 'Your trade among yourselves is profitable.' And Abdul Wahhab reported from Ayyub, who reported from Muhammad, that there is no harm in taking ten for eleven, and one should take a profit for expenses. And the Prophet ﷺ said to Hind, 'Take what is sufficient for you and your child according to custom.' And Allah said, 'And whoever is needy, let him eat according to custom.' And Al-Hasan bought a donkey from Abdullah ibn Mardas, and he asked, 'How much is it?' He said, 'Two dinars.' So he rode it. Then he came again and the donkey said, 'The donkey, the donkey.' So he rode it without asking, and he sent him half a dirham."

وَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ لِلْغَزَّالِينَ سُنَّتُكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ رِبْحًا. وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ لاَ بَأْسَ الْعَشَرَةُ بِأَحَدَ عَشَرَ، وَيَأْخُذُ لِلنَّفَقَةِ رِبْحًا. وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِهِنْدٍ: «خُذِي مَا يَكْفِيكِ وَوَلَدَكِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ». وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ} وَاكْتَرَى الْحَسَنُ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مِرْدَاسٍ حِمَارًا، فَقَالَ بِكَمْ قَالَ بِدَانَقَيْنِ. فَرَكِبَهُ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى، فَقَالَ الْحِمَارَ الْحِمَارَ. فَرَكِبَهُ، وَلَمْ يُشَارِطْهُ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ بِنِصْفِ دِرْهَمٍ.

bukhari:2210ʿAbdullāh b. Yūsuf > Mālik > Ḥumayd al-Ṭawīl > Anas b. Mālik

Abu Taiba cupped Messenger of Allah ﷺ and so Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered that a Sa of dates be paid to him and ordered his masters (for he was a slave) to reduce his tax.  

البخاري:٢٢١٠حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الطَّوِيلِ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ؓ قَالَ

حَجَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَبُو طَيْبَةَ فَأَمَرَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِصَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَأَمَرَ أَهْلَهُ أَنْ يُخَفِّفُوا عَنْهُ مِنْ خَرَاجِهِ  

bukhari:2211Abū Nuʿaym > Sufyān > Hishām > ʿUrwah > ʿĀʾishah

Hind, the mother of Mu'awiya said to Messenger of Allah ﷺ, "Abu Sufyan (her husband) is a miser. Am I allowed to take from his money secretly?" The Prophet ﷺ said to her, "You and your sons may take what is sufficient reasonably and fairly."  

البخاري:٢٢١١حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ

هِنْدٌ أُمُّ مُعَاوِيَةَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ شَحِيحٌ فَهَلْ عَلَىَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ آخُذَ مِنْ مَالِهِ سِرًّا قَالَ خُذِي أَنْتِ وَبَنُوكِ مَا يَكْفِيكِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ  

bukhari:2212Isḥāq > Ibn Numayr > Hishām > Muḥammad > ʿUthmān b. Farqad > Hishām b. ʿUrwah from his father > ʿĀʾishah

who heard Aisha saying, "The Holy Verse; 'Whoever amongst the guardians is rich, he should take no wages (from the property of the orphans) but If he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his labors)' (4.6) was revealed concerning the guardian of the orphans who looks after them and manages favorably their financial affairs; If the guardian Is poor, he could have from It what Is just and reasonable, (according to his labors).  

البخاري:٢٢١٢حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ فَرْقَدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ هِشَامَ بْنَ عُرْوَةَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَائِشَةَ ؓ تَقُولُ {وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيًّا فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ} أُنْزِلَتْ فِي وَالِي الْيَتِيمِ الَّذِي يُقِيمُ عَلَيْهِ وَيُصْلِحُ فِي مَالِهِ إِنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا أَكَلَ مِنْهُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ