41. Chapter
٤١۔ كِتَابُ الْقَسَمِ وَالنُّشُوزِ
[Machine] Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: During the pilgrimage of the Prophet ﷺ and his preaching at Arafah, he said: "Fear Allah in women, for verily you have taken them on the security of Allah and have made their private parts lawful with the Word of Allah. You have a right over them that they do not bring anyone whom you dislike into your houses, but if they do that, then chastise them in a manner that does not cause injury. Their rights upon you are that you should provide them with food and clothing in a fitting manner."
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ فِي قِصَّةِ حَجِّ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَخُطْبَتِهِ بِعَرَفَةَ قَالَ اتَّقُوا اللهَ فِي النِّسَاءِ فَإِنَّكُمْ أَخَذْتُمُوهُنَّ بِأَمَانَةِ اللهِ وَاسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ فُرُوجَهُنَّ بِكَلِمَةِ اللهِ وَإِنَّ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ أَنْ لَا يُوطِئْنَ فُرُشَكُمْ أَحَدًا تَكْرَهُونَهُ فَإِنْ فَعَلْنَ ذَلِكَ فَاضْرِبُوهُنَّ ضَرْبًا غَيْرَ مُبَرِّحٍ وَلَهُنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Do not hit the female slaves of Allah." He said, "The women became tough and their manners worsened towards their husbands." Umar said, "O Messenger of Allah, the women became tough and their manners worsened towards their husbands since you forbade hitting them." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Then strike them." So the people began to hit their wives that night. Many women went complaining about being hit. The Prophet ﷺ said the next morning, "I saw seventy women from the family of Muhammad, all of them complaining about being hit. By Allah, you will not find those women to be the best among you." We have been informed by Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Bukhari that he said, "Iyas is not known to have any companionship." The scholar said, and it has been narrated from another source as well.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَضْرِبُوا إِمَاءَ اللهِ قَالَ فَذَئِرَ النِّسَاءُ وَسَاءَتْ أَخْلَاقُهُنَّ عَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ذَئِرَ النِّسَاءُ وَسَاءَتْ أَخْلَاقُهُنَّ عَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ مُنْذُ نَهَيْتَ عَنْ ضَرْبِهِنَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَاضْرِبُوهُنَّ قَالَ فَضَرَبَ النَّاسُ نِسَاءَهُمْ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ قَالَ فَأَتَى نِسَاءٌ كَثِيرٌ يَشْتَكِينَ الضَّرْبَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ حِينَ أَصْبَحَ لَقَدْ طَافَ بِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ اللَّيْلَةَ سَبْعُونَ امْرَأَةً كُلُّهُنَّ يَشْتَكِينَ الضَّرْبَ وَايْمُ اللهِ لَا تَجِدُونَ أُولَئِكَ خِيَارَكُمْ بَلَغَنَا عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبُخَارِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَا يُعْرَفُ لِإِيَاسٍ صُحْبَةٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ مُرْسَلًا
[Machine] About beating women and then they complain to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he would separate between them and their husbands regarding their beatings. Then I said, "Indeed, the night has passed by the family of Muhammad ﷺ with seventy women, all of whom have been beaten." Yahya said, "I thought that Al-Qasim said that." Then it was said to them, "And your best men will never beat."
عَنْ ضَرْبِ النِّسَاءِ ثُمَّ شَكَوْهُنَّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَخَلَّى بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ ضَرْبِهِنَّ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لَقَدْ طَافَ اللَّيْلَةَ بِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ سَبْعُونَ امْرَأَةً كُلُّهُنَّ قَدْ ضُرِبَتْ قَالَ يَحْيَى وَحَسِبْتُ أَنَّ الْقَاسِمَ قَالَ ثُمَّ قِيلَ لَهُمْ بَعْدُ وَلَنْ يَضْرِبَ خِيَارُكُمْ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ advised some members of his household: Do not associate partners with Allah, even if you are tortured or burned. Obey your parents, even if they order you to leave everything behind. And do not intentionally neglect prayer, as whoever intentionally abandons prayer has severed their relationship with Allah. Beware of alcohol, as it is the key to all evil. And beware of sinning, as it angers Allah. Do not get involved in matters that do not concern you, and if you find yourself in the midst of a deadly situation, remain steadfast. Spend on your family from your wealth and do not withhold your support from them. Protect them with the fear of Allah. The Sheikh commented on this by saying it was a correspondence between Makhooul and Umm Ayman. Abu Ubaid commented on this Hadith, saying that Al-Kisa'i and others have said that it does not refer to striking with a stick or ordering someone to do so. Rather, it is an admonition for good behavior. Abu Ubaid also mentioned that the essence of the stick is to gather and unite.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَوْصَى بَعْضَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِاللهِ وَإِنْ عُذِّبْتَ وَإِنْ حُرِّقْتَ وَأَطِعْ وَالِدَيْكَ وَإِنْ أَمَرَاكَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَاخْرُجْ وَلَا تَتْرُكِ الصَّلَاةَ مُتَعَمِّدًا فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ تَرَكَ الصَّلَاةَ مُتَعَمِّدًا فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ ذِمَّةُ اللهِ إِيَّاكَ وَالْخَمْرَ فَإِنَّهَا مِفْتَاحُ كُلِّ شَرٍّ وَإِيَّاكَ وَالْمَعْصِيَةَ فَإِنَّهَا لَسُخْطُ اللهِ لَا تُنَازِعَنَّ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ وَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنَّ لَكَ وَلَا تَفِرَّ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَإِنْ أَصَابَ النَّاسَ مَوْتَانِ وَأَنْتَ فِيهِمْ فَاثْبُتْ أَنْفِقْ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ مِنْ طَوْلِكَ وَلَا تَرْفَعْ عَصَاكَ عَنْهُمْ وَأَخِفْهُمْ فِي اللهِ ﷻ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ فِي هَذَا إِرْسَالٌ بَيْنَ مَكْحُولٍ وَأُمِّ أَيْمَنَ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ الْكِسَائِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ يُقَالُ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يُرِدِ الْعَصَا الَّتِي يُضْرَبُ بِهَا وَلَا أَمَرَ أَحَدًا قَطُّ بِذَلِكَ وَلَكِنَّهُ أَرَادَ الْأَدَبَ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ وَأَصْلُ الْعَصَا الِاجْتِمَاعُ وَالِائْتِلَافُ