68. Sūrat al-Qalam

٦٨۔ سُورَةُ القَلَم

68.2 What happened to the arrogant stingy owners of a garden who did not want to pay charity?

٦٨۔٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ القَلـََم ٢

quran:68:17

Indeed, We have tried them as We tried the companions of the garden, when they swore to cut its fruit in the ˹early˺ morning  

Indeed We have tried them, We have tested the people of Mecca with drought and famine, just as We tried the owners of the garden, the orchard, when they vowed that they would pluck, ˹that˺ they would pick its fruits, in the morning, so that the poor folk would not notice them and so that they would not then have to give them of it that ˹portion˺ which their father used to give them of it by way of charity.
القرآن:٦٨:١٧

إِنَّا بَلَوْنَاهُمْ كَمَا بَلَوْنَا أَصْحَابَ الْجَنَّةِ إِذْ أَقْسَمُوا لَيَصْرِمُنَّهَا مُصْبِحِينَ  

{إنا بلوناهم} امتحنا أهل مكة بالقحط والجوع {كما بلونا أصحاب الجنة} البستان {إذ أقسموا ليصرمنَّها} يقطعون ثمرتها {مصبحين} وقت الصباح كي لا يشعر بهم المساكين فلا يعطونهم منها ما كان أبوهم يتصدق به عليهم منها.
quran:68:18

Without making exception.  

And they did not make any exception, to their vow, for God’s will (the sentence is a new ˹syntactically independent˺ one, in other words: and that was their condition).
القرآن:٦٨:١٨

وَلَا يَسْتَثْنُونَ  

{ولا يستثنون} في يمينهم بمشيئة الله تعالى والجملة مستأنفة، أي وشأنهم ذلك.
quran:68:19

So there came upon the garden an affliction from your Lord while they were asleep.  

Then a visitation from your Lord visited it, ˹that is˺ a fire consumed it during the night, while they slept.
القرآن:٦٨:١٩

فَطَافَ عَلَيْهَا طَائِفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَهُمْ نَائِمُونَ  

{فطاف عليها طائف من ربك} نار أحرقتها ليلا {وهم نائمون}.
quran:68:20

And it became as though reaped.  

So by the morning it was like the darkness of night, in other words, black.
القرآن:٦٨:٢٠

فَأَصْبَحَتْ كَالصَّرِيمِ  

{فأصبحت كالصريم} كالليل الشديد الظلمة، أي سوداء.
quran:68:21

And they called one another at morning,  

They then called out to one another in the morning,
القرآن:٦٨:٢١

فَتَنَادَوْا مُصْبِحِينَ  

{فتنادوا مصبحين}.
quran:68:22

˹Saying˺, "Go early to your crop if you would cut the fruit."  

˹saying˺, ‘Go forth early to your tillage, your produce (ani’ghdū ‘alā harthikum constitutes an explication of ˹the import of˺ tanādaw, ‘they called out to one another’; otherwise, an relates to the verbal action, ˹to be understood as˺ being bi-an) if you are going to pluck’, if your intention is to pick ˹the fruits˺ (the response to the conditional is indicated by what preceded it).
القرآن:٦٨:٢٢

أَنِ اغْدُوا عَلَىٰ حَرْثِكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَارِمِينَ  

{أن اغدوا على حرثكم} غلتكم تفسير لتنادوا، أو أن مصدرية أي بأن {إن كنتم صارمين} مريدين القطع وجواب الشرط دل عليه ما قبله.
quran:68:23

So they set out, while lowering their voices,  

So off they went, whispering to one another, talking secretly:
القرآن:٦٨:٢٣

فَانْطَلَقُوا وَهُمْ يَتَخَافَتُونَ  

{فانطلقوا وهم يتخافتون} يتسارون.
quran:68:24

˹Saying˺, "There will surely not enter it today upon you ˹any˺ poor person."  

‘No needy person shall today come to you in it’ (this constitutes the explication of the preceding ˹verse˺; or else, an relates to the verbal action, ˹to be understood˺ to mean bi-an).
القرآن:٦٨:٢٤

أَنْ لَا يَدْخُلَنَّهَا الْيَوْمَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِسْكِينٌ  

{أن لا يدخلنها اليوم عليكم مسكين} تفسير لما قبله، أو أن مصدرية أي بأن.
quran:68:25

And they went early in determination, ˹assuming themselves˺ able.  

And they went forth early, supposing themselves, able to prohibit, to prevent the poor folk ˹from enjoying the fruit˺.
القرآن:٦٨:٢٥

وَغَدَوْا عَلَىٰ حَرْدٍ قَادِرِينَ  

{وغدوا على حرد} منع للفقراء {قادرين} عليه في ظنهم.
quran:68:26

But when they saw it, they said, "Indeed, we are lost;  

But when they saw it, blackened and charred, they said, ‘Assuredly we have strayed!’, from it, that is to say: this is not the one. Then when they recognised it, they said:
القرآن:٦٨:٢٦

فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهَا قَالُوا إِنَّا لَضَالُّونَ  

{فلما رأوها} سوداء محترقة {قالوا إنا لضالون} عنها، أي ليست هذه ثم قالوا لما علموها:
quran:68:27

Rather, we have been deprived."  

‘Nay, but we have been deprived!’, of its fruits, by our denying it to the poor folk.
القرآن:٦٨:٢٧

بَلْ نَحْنُ مَحْرُومُونَ  

{بل نحن محرومون} ثمرتها بمنعنا الفقراء منها.
quran:68:28

The most moderate of them said, "Did I not say to you, 'Why do you not exalt ˹Allah˺?' "  

The most moderate, the best one, among them said, ‘Did I not say to you, “Why do you not glorify?” ’, God, repenting ˹to Him˺.
القرآن:٦٨:٢٨

قَالَ أَوْسَطُهُمْ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ لَكُمْ لَوْلَا تُسَبِّحُونَ  

{قال أوسطهم} خيرهم {ألم أقل لكم لولا} هلا {تسبحون} الله تائبين.
quran:68:29

They said, "Exalted is our Lord! Indeed, we were wrongdoers."  

They said, ‘Glory be to God, our Lord. Verily we have been wrongdoers’, by denying the poor folk ˹what is˺ their due.
القرآن:٦٨:٢٩

قَالُوا سُبْحَانَ رَبِّنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا ظَالِمِينَ  

{قالوا سبحان ربنا إنا كنا ظالمين} بمنع الفقراء حقهم.
quran:68:30

Then they approached one another, blaming each other.  

They then turned to one another, blaming each other.
القرآن:٦٨:٣٠

فَأَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ يَتَلَاوَمُونَ  

{فأقبل بعضهم على بعض يتلاومون}.
quran:68:31

They said, "O woe to us; indeed we were transgressors.  

They said, ‘O (˹yā is˺ for calling attention to something) woe to us!, ˹O˺ destruction of ours. We have indeed been unjust.
القرآن:٦٨:٣١

قَالُوا يَا وَيْلَنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا طَاغِينَ  

{قالوا يا} للتنبيه {ويلنا} هلا كنا {إنا كنا طاغين}.
quran:68:32

Perhaps our Lord will substitute for us ˹one˺ better than it. Indeed, we are toward our Lord desirous."  

It may be that our Lord will give us in its place (read yubaddilanā or yubdilanā) one that is better than it. Truly we turn humbly to our Lord’, that He might accept our repentance and give us back ˹a garden that is˺ better than our garden — it is reported that they were indeed given a better one in its place.
القرآن:٦٨:٣٢

عَسَىٰ رَبُّنَا أَنْ يُبْدِلَنَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا إِنَّا إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا رَاغِبُونَ  

{عسى ربنا أن يبدِّلنا} بالتشديد والتخفيف {خيرا منها إنا إلى ربنا راغبون} ليقبل توبتنا ويرد علينا خيرا من جنتنا، روي أنهم أُبدلوا خيرا منها.
quran:68:33

Such is the punishment ˹of this world˺. And the punishment of the Hereafter is greater, if they only knew.  

Such, that is to say, like the chastisement for these ˹people˺, will be the chastisement, for those disbelievers of Mecca and others who contravene Our command; and the chastisement of the Hereafter is assuredly greater, did they but know, its chastisement, they would not have contavened Our command. When they said ‘If we are resurrected, we shall be given better than ˹what˺ you ˹have been given˺, the following was revealed:
القرآن:٦٨:٣٣

كَذَٰلِكَ الْعَذَابُ ۖ وَلَعَذَابُ الْآخِرَةِ أَكْبَرُ ۚ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{كذلك} أي مثل العذاب لهؤلاء {العذاب} لمن خالف أمرنا من كفار مكة وغيرهم {ولعذاب الآخرة أكبر لو كانوا يعلمون} عذابها ما خالفوا أمرنا، ونزل لما قالوا إن بعثنا نعطى أفضل منكم: