51. Sūrat al-Dhāriyāt

٥١۔ سُورَةُ الذَّاريَات

Qurʾān > Chapter 51 > Section 1
القرآن > كتاب ٥١ > باب ١

51.1 Surely the Day of Judgment shall come to pass, only the perverse persons turn away from this truth.

٥١۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ الذَّاريَات

quran:51:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

By those ˹winds˺ scattering ˹dust˺ dispersing  

By the scatterers, the winds that scatter dust and other things, that scatter (dharwan is a verbal noun; one may also say, tadhrīhi dharyan, ‘it blows it ˹sweeping it˺ away’);
القرآن:٥١:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

وَالذَّارِيَاتِ ذَرْوًا  

{والذاريات} الرياح تذرو التراب وغيره {ذروا} مصدر، ويُقال تذريه ذريا تهب به.
quran:51:2 –

And those ˹clouds˺ carrying a load ˹of water˺  

and those that bear, the clouds that bear moisture ˹as˺, a burden (wiqran is the direct object of al-hāmilat, ‘those that bear’);
القرآن:٥١:٢ –

فَالْحَامِلَاتِ وِقْرًا  

{فالحاملات} السحب تحمل الماء {وقراً} ثقلا مفعول الحاملات
quran:51:3 –

And those ˹ships˺ sailing with ease  

and those that run, the ships that run upon the surface of the water, with ease (yusran is a verbal noun functioning as a circumstantial qualifier, that is to say, muyassaratan);
القرآن:٥١:٣ –

فَالْجَارِيَاتِ يُسْرًا  

{فالجاريات} السفن تجري على وجه الماء {يُسرا} بسهولة مصدر في موضع الحال، أي ميسرة.
quran:51:4 –

And those ˹angels˺ apportioning ˹each˺ matter,  

and those that apportion by command: the angels who distribute provisions and the rains and other things across the lands and to ˹all˺ servants,
القرآن:٥١:٤ –

فَالْمُقَسِّمَاتِ أَمْرًا  

{فالمقسمات أمرا} الملائكة تقسم الأرزاق والأمطار وغيرها بين البلاد والعباد.
quran:51:5 –

Indeed, what you are promised is true.  

assuredly what you are promised (mā, ‘what’, relates to the verbal action), in other words, the promise given to them of resurrection and other matters, is true, is indeed a true promise,
القرآن:٥١:٥ –

إِنَّمَا تُوعَدُونَ لَصَادِقٌ  

{إنما توعدون} ما مصدرية، أي وعدهم بالبعث وغيره {لصادق} لوعد صادق.
quran:51:6 –

And indeed, the recompense is to occur.  

and assuredly judgement, requital after the reckoning, will take place!, without doubt.
القرآن:٥١:٦ –

وَإِنَّ الدِّينَ لَوَاقِعٌ  

{وإن الدين} الجزاء بعد الحساب {لواقع} لا محالة.
quran:51:7 –

By the heaven containing pathways,  

And by the heaven with all its tracks (hubuk is the plural of habīka, similar ˹in pattern and meaning˺ to turuq, tarīqa, ‘paths’), that is to say, ˹by the heaven˺ that is created with tracks similar to tracks made in the sand,
القرآن:٥١:٧ –

وَالسَّمَاءِ ذَاتِ الْحُبُكِ  

{والسماء ذات الحبك} جمع حبيكة كطريقة وطريق أي صاحبة الطرق في الخلقة كالطريق في الرمل.
quran:51:8 –

Indeed, you are in differing speech.  

indeed you, O people of Mecca, with regard to the matter of the Prophet (s) and the Qur’ān, are of differing opinions: some say ˹of the Prophet that he is˺ ‘a poet’, ‘a sorcerer’, or ‘a soothsayer’, and ˹of the Qur’ān, that it is˺ ‘poetry’, ‘sorcery’, or ‘soothsaying’.
القرآن:٥١:٨ –

إِنَّكُمْ لَفِي قَوْلٍ مُخْتَلِفٍ  

{إنكم} يا أهل مكة في شأن النبي ﷺ والقرآن {لفي قول مختلف} قيل شاعر ساحر كاهن شعر سحر كهانة.
quran:51:9 –

Deluded away from the Qur'an is he who is deluded.  

He is turned away therefrom, from the Prophet (s) and the Qur’ān, that is, ˹turned away˺ from believing therein, who has deviated, ˹who has been˺ turned away from guidance in God’s, exalted be He.
القرآن:٥١:٩ –

يُؤْفَكُ عَنْهُ مَنْ أُفِكَ  

{يؤفك عنه من أفك} صرف عن الهداية في علم الله تعالى.
quran:51:10 –

Destroyed are the falsifiers  

Perish the conjecturers, accursed be the liars, those of differing opinions,
القرآن:٥١:١٠ –

قُتِلَ الْخَرَّاصُونَ  

{قُتل الخراصون} لعن الكذابون أصحاب القول المختلف.
quran:51:11 –

Who are within a flood ˹of confusion˺ and heedless.  

who are in a stupor, in ignorance that has stupefied them, heedless, oblivious of the matter of the Hereafter.
القرآن:٥١:١١ –

الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي غَمْرَةٍ سَاهُونَ  

{الذين هم في غمرة} جهل يغمرهم {ساهون} غافلون عن أمر الآخرة.
quran:51:12 –

They ask, "When is the Day of Recompense?"  

They ask, the Prophet, asking ˹him˺ derisively: ‘When is the Day of Judgement?’, in other words, ‘when will it come?’, and the response ˹given˺ to them is that it will come:
القرآن:٥١:١٢ –

يَسْأَلُونَ أَيَّانَ يَوْمُ الدِّينِ  

{يسألون} النبي استفهام استهزاء {أيان يوم الدين} أي متى مجيئه وجوابهم: يجيء.
quran:51:13 –

˹It is˺ the Day they will be tormented over the Fire  

on the day when they will be tormented in the Fire, that is to say, chastised in it, and it will be said to them during the chastisement:
القرآن:٥١:١٣ –

يَوْمَ هُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ يُفْتَنُونَ  

{يوم هم على النار يفتنون} أي يعذبون فيها ويقال لهم حين التعذيب.
quran:51:14 –

˹And will be told˺, "Taste your torment. This is that for which you were impatient."  

‘Taste this torment of yours, this chastisement of yours. This, chastisement, is what you sought to hasten on!’, in the world in derision.
القرآن:٥١:١٤ –

ذُوقُوا فِتْنَتَكُمْ هَٰذَا الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ  

{ذوقوا فتنتكم} تعذيبكم {هذا} التعذيب {الذي كنتم به تستعجلون} في الدنيا استهزاء.
quran:51:15 –

Indeed, the righteous will be among gardens and springs,  

Truly the God-fearing will be amid gardens, orchards, and springs, flowing therein,
القرآن:٥١:١٥ –

إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّاتٍ وَعُيُونٍ  

{إن المتقين في جنات} بساتين {وعيون} تجري فيها.
quran:51:16 –

Accepting what their Lord has given them. Indeed, they were before that doers of good.  

receiving (ākhidhīna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the person of the predicate of inna, ‘truly’) what their Lord has given them, of reward, for indeed formerly, ˹before˺ their entering Paradise, they had been virtuous, in the world.
القرآن:٥١:١٦ –

آخِذِينَ مَا آتَاهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا قَبْلَ ذَٰلِكَ مُحْسِنِينَ  

{آخذين} حال من الضمير في خبر إن {ما آتاهم} أعطاهم {ربهم} من الثواب {إنهم كانوا قبل ذلك} أي دخولهم الجنة {محسنين} في الدنيا.
quran:51:17 –

They used to sleep but little of the night,  

Little of the night did they use to sleep (mā is extra; yahja‘ūna is the predicate of kānū; qalīlan, ‘little’, is an adverb), in other words, they used to sleep for a small portion of the night and perform prayers during most of it,
القرآن:٥١:١٧ –

كَانُوا قَلِيلًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ مَا يَهْجَعُونَ  

{كانوا قليلا من الليل ما يهجعون} ينامون، وما زائدة ويهجعون خبر كان وقليلا ظرف، أي ينامون في زمن يسير من الليل ويصلون أكثره.
quran:51:18 –

And in the hours before dawn they would ask forgiveness,  

and at dawns they used to seek forgiveness: they used say, ‘Our Lord! Forgive us’,
القرآن:٥١:١٨ –

وَبِالْأَسْحَارِ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ  

{وبالأسحار هم يستغفرون} يقولون: اللهم اغفر لنا.
quran:51:19 –

And from their properties was ˹given˺ the right of the ˹needy˺ petitioner and the deprived.  

and there was a share in their wealth ˹assigned˺ for the beggar and the deprived, ˹the latter being˺ the one who does not beg, because of his self-restraint.
القرآن:٥١:١٩ –

وَفِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ حَقٌّ لِلسَّائِلِ وَالْمَحْرُومِ  

{وفي أموالهم حق للسائل والمحروم} الذي لا يسأل لتعففه.
quran:51:20 –

And on the earth are signs for the certain ˹in faith˺  

And in the earth, in the way of mountains, seas, trees, fruits, plants and other things, there are signs, indications of God’s power, glory be to Him, exalted be He, and of His Oneness, for those who know with certainty,
القرآن:٥١:٢٠ –

وَفِي الْأَرْضِ آيَاتٌ لِلْمُوقِنِينَ  

{وفي الأرض} من الجبال والبحار والأشجار والثمار والنبات وغيرها {آيات} دلالات على قدرة الله سبحانه وتعالى ووحدانيته {للموقنين}.
quran:51:21 –

And in yourselves. Then will you not see?  

and in your souls, there are also signs, from the beginning of your creation to its end, and in the marvelous aspects of your creation. Will you not then perceive?, ˹all˺ that and thus infer therefrom the Creator of it and His power.
القرآن:٥١:٢١ –

وَفِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ ۚ أَفَلَا تُبْصِرُونَ  

{وفي أنفسكم} آيات أيضا من مبدأ خلقكم إلى منتهاه، وما في تركيب خلقكم من العجائب {أفلا تبصرون} ذلك فتستدلون به على صانعه وقدرته.
quran:51:22 –

And in the heaven is your provision and whatever you are promised.  

And in the heaven is your provision, that is, the rain from which results the vegetation that is ˹your˺ provision, and ˹there is also˺ what you are promised, in the way of ˹the ultimate˺ return, reward and punishment, in other words, all of this is foreordained in the heaven.
القرآن:٥١:٢٢ –

وَفِي السَّمَاءِ رِزْقُكُمْ وَمَا تُوعَدُونَ  

{وفي السماء رزقكم} أي المطر المسبب عنه النبات الذي هو رزق {وما توعدون} من المآب والثواب والعقاب أي مكتوب ذلك في السماء.
quran:51:23 –

Then by the Lord of the heaven and earth, indeed, it is truth - just as ˹sure as˺ it is that you are speaking.  

So by the Lord of the heaven and the earth, it, that which you are promised, is as assuredly true as ˹the fact˺ that you have ˹power of˺ speech (read mithlu, in the nominative, as an adjective, with the mā being extra; or read mithla, in the accusative, as being a compound with mā), that is to say: ˹it is as true˺ as your speech is in reality, that is, in your knowing it to be ˹true˺ necessarily by its issuing from you.
القرآن:٥١:٢٣ –

فَوَرَبِّ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ إِنَّهُ لَحَقٌّ مِثْلَ مَا أَنَّكُمْ تَنْطِقُونَ  

{فورب السماء والأرض إنه} أي ما توعدون {لحق مثلُ ما أنكم تنطقون} برفع مثل صفة، وما مزيدة وبفتح اللام مركبة مع ما، المعنى: مثل نطقكم في حقيقته أي معلوميته عندكم ضرورة صدوره عنكم.