46. Oaths, Retaliation and Blood Money
٤٦۔ كتاب القسامة
a woman threw some pebbles and stuck another woman, and she miscarried. The Messenger of Allah stipulated (a Diyah of ) fifty sheep for her child. And on that day, he forbade throwing pebbles.
أَنَّ امْرَأَةً خَذَفَتِ امْرَأَةً فَأَسْقَطَتْ فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي وَلَدِهَا خَمْسِينَ شَاةً وَنَهَى يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ الْخَذْفِ أَرْسَلَهُ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ
a woman threw pebbles at another woman and the woman who was struck miscarried. The matter was referred to the prophet and he set the blood money for her child at five hundred sheep. And on that day, he forbade throwing pebbles. (Sahih) Abu 'Abdur-Rahman (An-Nasa'i) said: This is an error, and it must be that the intent was one hundred camels. And the prohibition of throwing pebbles has been related from 'Abdullah bin Buraidah, from 'Abdullah bin Mughaffal.
أَنَّ امْرَأَةً خَذَفَتِ امْرَأَةً فَأَسْقَطَتِ الْمَخْذُوفَةُ فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَجَعَلَ عَقْلَ وَلَدِهَا خَمْسَمِائَةٍ مِنَ الْغُرِّ وَنَهَى يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ الْخَذْفِ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا وَهْمٌ وَيَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ أَرَادَ مِائَةً مِنَ الْغُرِّ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ النَّهْىُ عَنِ الْخَذْفِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ
"Do not throw pebbles, for the Prophet of Allah forbade throwing pebbles," or "he disliked the throwing of pebbles." Kahmas (one of the narrators) was not sure.
لاَ تَخْذِفْ فَإِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَنْهَى عَنِ الْخَذْفِ أَوْ يَكْرَهُ الْخَذْفَ شَكَّ كَهْمَسُ
"The Messenger of Allah ruled that a slave (should be given as Diyah) for a fetus." Tawus said: "A horse would do in place of a slave."
حَمَلُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْجَنِينِ غُرَّةً قَالَ طَاوُسٌ إِنَّ الْفَرَسَ غُرَّةٌ
"The Messenger of Allah ruled that a male or female slave should be given (as Diyah) to a woman of Banu Lihyah whosw child was miscarried and died. Then the woman to whom he had decreed that the slave should be given died, and the Messenger of Allah ruled that her estate belonged to the children and husband, and that the blood money was to be paid by her 'Asabah."
قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي جَنِينِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي لِحْيَانَ سَقَطَ مَيِّتًا بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ الَّتِي قَضَى عَلَيْهَا بِالْغُرَّةِ تُوُفِّيَتْ فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِأَنَّ مِيرَاثَهَا لِبَنِيهَا وَزَوْجِهَا وَأَنَّ الْعَقْلَ عَلَى عَصَبَتِهَا
"Two women of Hudhail had a fight, and one of them threw a rock at the other and killed her and the child in her womb. They referred the dispute to the Messenger of Allah, and the Messenger of Allah ruled that the Diyah for her fetus was a male or female slave, and that the Diyah of the woman be paid by her 'Aqilah (male relatives on the father's side). And he made her children and those who were with them her heirs. Hamal bin Malik bin An-Nabighah Al-Hudhali said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can I pay blood money for one who neither ate nor drank, or shouted such a one should be over looked." The Messenger of Allah said: "This is one of the brothers of the soothsayers" because of the rhyming way in which he spoke.
أَنَّهُ قَالَ اقْتَتَلَتِ امْرَأَتَانِ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ فَرَمَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا الأُخْرَى بِحَجَرٍ وَذَكَرَ كَلِمَةً مَعْنَاهَا فَقَتَلَتْهَا وَمَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَاخْتَصَمُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّ دِيَةَ جَنِينِهَا غُرَّةٌ عَبْدٌ أَوْ وَلِيدَةٌ وَقَضَى بِدِيَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ عَلَى عَاقِلَتِهَا وَوَرَّثَهَا وَلَدَهَا وَمَنْ مَعَهُمْ فَقَالَ حَمَلُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّابِغَةِ الْهُذَلِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ أُغَرَّمُ مَنْ لاَ شَرِبَ وَلاَ أَكَلْ وَلاَ نَطَقَ وَلاَ اسْتَهَلّ فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ يُطَلّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا هَذَا مِنْ إِخْوَانِ الْكُهَّانِ مِنْ أَجْلِ سَجْعِهِ الَّذِي سَجَعَ
there were two women of Hudhail during the time of the Messenger of Allah, one of whom threw something at the other and caused her to miscarry. The Messenger of Allah ruled that (Diyah of ) a male or female slave be paid for that.
أَنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَمَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا الأُخْرَى فَطَرَحَتْ جَنِينَهَا فَقَضَى فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ وَلِيدَةٍ
the Messenger of Allah ruled that for a fetus which is killed in the mother's womb, a male or female slave be given (as Diyah). The one against whom he passed this ruling said: "How can I pay blood money for one who neither ate nor drank, or shouted or cried (at the moment of birth)? Such a one should be overlooked." The Messenger of Allah said: "This is one of the soothsayers."'
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَضَى فِي الْجَنِينِ يُقْتَلُ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ وَلِيدَةٍ فَقَالَ الَّذِي قَضَى عَلَيْهِ كَيْفَ أُغَرَّمُ مَنْ لاَ شَرِبَ وَلاَ أَكَلَ وَلاَ اسْتَهَلّ وَلاَ نَطَقَ فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ يُطَلّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا هَذَا مِنَ الْكُهَّانِ
a woman struck her co-wife with a tent pole and killed her, and she (the slain woman) was pregnant. She was brought to the Prophet, and the Messenger of Allah ruled that the 'Asabah of the killer should pay the Diyah , and a slavae (should be paid) for the fetus. Her 'Asabah said: "Should Diyah be paid for one who neither ate nor drank, or shouted or cried (at the moment of birth)? Such a one should be overlooked." The prophet said: "Rhyming verse like the verse of the Bedouins."
أَنَّ امْرَأَةً ضَرَبَتْ ضَرَّتَهَا بِعَمُودِ فُسْطَاطٍ فَقَتَلَتْهَا وَهِيَ حُبْلَى فَأُتِيَ فِيهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى عَصَبَةِ الْقَاتِلَةِ بِالدِّيَةِ وَفِي الْجَنِينِ غُرَّةً فَقَالَ عَصَبَتُهَا أَدِي مَنْ لاَ طَعِمَ وَلاَ شَرِبَ وَلاَ صَاحَ فَاسْتَهَلّ فَمِثْلُ هَذَا يُطَلّ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَسَجْعٌ كَسَجْعِ الأَعْرَابِ