1. Forty Ḥadīth of Nawawī

١۔ اربعون النووية

Ibn Rajab's Fifty > Chapter 1 > Section 33
خمسون ابن رجب > كتاب ١ > باب ٣٣

1.33 What Should be the Basis of Judgements

١۔٣٣ من أسس القضاء في الإسلام

[Machine] From Ibn Abbas: "If people were given what they asked for, some men would claim the wealth and blood of others..." This is a good Hadith narrated by Al-Bayhaqi and others in a similar manner, and part of it is in the Sahihain (collection of authentic Hadiths).

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ: «لَوْ يُعْطى النّاسُ بِدَعْواهُمْ لادَّعى رِجالٌ أمْوالَ قَوْمٍ ودِماءَهُمْ۔۔۔» حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ رَواهُ البَيْهَقِيُّ وغَيْرُهُ هَكَذا وبَعْضُهُ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ

(33) bayhaqi:21201 – Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. ʿAbdān > Aḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Ṣaffār > Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad al-Firyābī > al-Ḥasan b. Sahl > ʿAbdullāh b. Idrīs > Ibn Jurayj And ʿUthmān b. al-Aswad > Ibn Abū Mulaykah > Kunt

[Machine] I was a judge for Ibn Zubayr in Taif, and he mentioned the story of the two women. So, I wrote to Ibn Abbas and he wrote back that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If people were given what they claimed, men would claim the wealth and blood of others. But the burden of proof is upon the claimant, and the oath is upon the one who denies, and he mentioned the hadith."

(٣٣) البيهقي:٢١٢٠١ – أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفِرْيَابِيُّ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ثنا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ

كُنْتُ قَاضِيًا لِابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَلَى الطَّائِفِ فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ الْمَرْأَتَيْنِ قَالَ فَكَتَبْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَكَتَبَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَوْ يُعْطَى النَّاسُ بِدَعْوَاهُمْ لَادَّعَى رِجَالٌ أَمْوَالَ قَوْمٍ وَدِمَاءَهُمْ وَلَكِنَّ الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى الْمُدَّعِي وَالْيَمِينَ عَلَى مَنْ أَنْكَرَ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ

The burden of proof lies with the one making the claim

(33-2) bukhari:4552 – Naṣr b. ʿAlī b. Naṣr > ʿAbdullāh b. Dāwud > Ibn Jurayj > Ibn Abū Mulaykah

Two women were stitching shoes in a house or a room. Then one of them came out with an awl driven into her hand, and she sued the other for it. The case was brought before Ibn ʿAbbās, Ibn ʿAbbaاs said: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If people were to be given what they claim ˹without the burden of proof˺ the life and property of the people would be lost." So remind her of Allah and recite before her: "Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah... (Āl ʿImrān 3:77)" So they reminded her and she confessed. Ibn ʿAbbaاs then said: The Prophet ﷺ said, "The oath must be taken by the defendant."

(٣٣-٢) البخاري:٤٥٥٢ – حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ نَصْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ دَاوُدَ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ

أَنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا تَخْرِزَانِ فِي بَيْتٍ أَوْ فِي الْحُجْرَةِ فَخَرَجَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا وَقَدْ أُنْفِذَ بِإِشْفًى فِي كَفِّهَا فَادَّعَتْ عَلَى الأُخْرَى فَرُفِعَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ۔ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَوْ يُعْطَى النَّاسُ بِدَعْوَاهُمْ، لَذَهَبَ دِمَاءُ قَوْمٍ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ۔» ذَكِّرُوهَا بِاللَّهِ وَاقْرَءُوا عَلَيْهَا {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ} فَذَكَّرُوهَا فَاعْتَرَفَتْ۔ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «الْيَمِينُ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ۔»

The oath must be taken by the defendant

(33-3) muslim:1711a – Abū al-Ṭāhir Aḥmad b. ʿAmr b. Sarḥ > Ibn Wahb > Ibn Jurayj > Ibn Abū Mulaykah > Ibn ʿAbbās

that the Prophet ﷺ said, "If the people were given according to their claims, they would claim the lives of persons and their properties, but the oath must be taken by the defendant."

(٣٣-٣) مسلم:١٧١١a – حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَرْحٍ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: «لَوْ يُعْطَى النَّاسُ بِدَعْوَاهُمْ لاَدَّعَى نَاسٌ دِمَاءَ رِجَالٍ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ وَلَكِنَّ الْيَمِينَ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ۔»