8. Book of Purification
٨۔ كِتَابُ الطَّهَارَةِ
"The Messenger of Allah wrote to us: 'Do not make use of the skins and sinew of dead animals."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4250)
كَتَبَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِشَهْرٍ «أَنْ لَا تَنْتَفِعُوا مِنَ الْمَيْتَةِ بِإِهَابٍ وَلَا عَصَبٍ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُكَيْمٍ شَهِدَ قِرَاءَةَ كِتَابِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ بِأَرْضِ جُهَيْنَةَ
The letter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was read out to us in the territory of Juhaynah when I was a young boy: Do not make use of the skin or sinew of an animal which died a natural death. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4127)
قُرِئَ عَلَيْنَا كِتَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ بِأَرْضِ جُهَيْنَةَ «أَنْ لَا تَنْتَفِعُوا مِنَ الْمَيْتَةِ بِإِهَابٍ وَلَا عَصَبٍ»
ذِكْرُ لَفْظَةٍ أَوْهَمَتْ عَالَمًا مِنَ النَّاسِ أَنَّ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ مُرْسَلٌ لَيْسَ بِمُتَّصِلٍ
[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ wrote to them saying, 'Do not derive any enjoyment or benefit from dead animals.'"
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ «أَنْ لَا تَسْتَمْتِعُوا مِنَ الْمَيْتَةِ بِشَيْءٍ»
ذِكْرُ إِبَاحَةِ الِانْتِفَاعِ بِجُلُودِ الْمَيْتَةِ بِنَفْعٍ مُطْلَقٍ
[Machine] A sheep died for the Prophet's wife. The Prophet came to her and she informed him about it. He said, "Did you not benefit from its skin?" She asked, "O Messenger of Allah, can one benefit from the skin of a dead animal?" The Messenger of Allah recited to her, "{Say, 'I do not find within that which was revealed to me [anything] forbidden to one who would eat it unless it be a dead animal} until the end of the verse. Indeed, you are not consuming it." Ibn Abbas said, "So she was sent to and she was skinned, and she made use of its skin."
مَاتَتْ شَاةٌ لَزَوْجَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَتَاهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ فَقَالَ «أَلَا انْتَفَعْتُمْ بِمَسْكِهَا»؟ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَسْكُ مَيْتَةٍ؟ قَالَ فَقَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ {قُلْ لَا أَجِدُ فِيمَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ مُحَرَّمًا عَلَى طَاعِمٍ يَطْعَمُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مَيْتَةً} إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ إِنَّكُمْ لَسْتُمْ تَأْكُلُونَهُ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ «فَبَعَثَتْ إِلَيْهَا فَسُلِخَتْ فَجَعَلَتْ مِنْ مَسْكِهَا قِرْبَةً»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ إِنَّمَا أَبَاحَ لَهَا فِي الِانْتِفَاعِ بِجَلْدِ الْمَيْتَةِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ
[Machine] "O Messenger of Allah, Fulanah, meaning the sheep, has died." He said, "Why didn't you take its hide?" She said, "So we took the hide of a sheep that died." The Prophet ﷺ said, "He only said, '{Say, 'I do not find within that which was revealed to me [anything] forbidden to one who would eat it, unless it be a dead animal or blood spilled out or the flesh of swine - for indeed, it is impure - or it be [that slaughtered in] disobedience, dedicated to other than Allah. But whoever is forced [by necessity], neither desiring [it] nor transgressing [its limit], there is no sin upon him. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.']' until the end of the verse. There is no harm in dyeing it so that you may benefit from it." He said, "So we sent it to her and she tanned its hide until it got burnt."
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَاتَتْ فُلَانَةٌ يَعْنِي الشَّاةَ قَالَ «فَهَلَّا أَخَذْتُمْ مَسْكَهَا؟ » قَالَتْ فَنَأْخُذُ مَسْكَ شَاةٍ مَاتَتْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «إِنَّمَا قَالَ {قُلْ لَا أَجِدُ فِيمَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ مُحَرَّمًا} إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تَدْبُغُوهُ فَتَنْتَفِعُوا بِهِ» قَالَ «فَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْهَا فَسَلَخَتْ مَسْكَهَا فَاتَّخَذَتْ مِنْهَا قِرْبَةً حَتَّى تَحَرَّقَتْ»
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ بِالِانْتِفَاعِ بِجُلُودِ الْمَيْتَةِ إِذَا دُبِغَتْ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by a dead sheep and said, "Why don't you benefit from its skin?" They said, "O Messenger of Allah, it is dead." He said, "Only its meat is forbidden."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَرَّ بِشَاةٍ مَيْتَةٍ قَالَ «هَلَّا اسْتَمْتَعْتُمْ بِجِلْدِهَا؟ » قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا مَيْتَةٌ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا حُرِّمَ أَكْلُهَا»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِنَّمَا أُبِيحَ اسْتِعْمَالُهُ عِنْدَ دِبَاغِ جَلْدِ الْمَيْتَةِ لَا قَبْلَهُ
[Machine] "Maimuna, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , told me that they had a sheep. The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Why don't you tan its skin so that you may benefit from it?'"
حَدَّثَتْنِي مَيْمُونَةُ زَوْجُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ شَاةً لَهُمْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «هَلَّا دَبَغْتُمْ إِهَابَهَا فَاسْتَمْتَعْتُمْ بِهِ»
ذِكْرُ إِبَاحَةِ الِانْتِفَاعِ بِجُلُودِ الْمَيْتَةِ الَّتِي تَحِلُّ بِالذَّكَاةِ إِذَا دُبِغَتْ
The Prophet ﷺ saw a dead sheep which had been given in charity to a freed slave-girl of Maimuna, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ . The Prophet ﷺ said, "Why don't you get the benefit of its hide?" They said, "It is dead." He replied, "Only to eat (its meat) is illegal." (Using translation from Bukhārī 1492)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَجَدَ شَاةً مَيْتَةً أُعْطِيَتْهَا مَوْلَاةٌ لِمَيْمُونَةَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «هَلَّا انْتَفَعْتُمْ بِجِلْدِهَا؟ » قَالُوا إِنَّهَا مَيْتَةٌ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا حُرِّمَ أَكْلُهَا»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ إِبَاحَةَ الِانْتِفَاعِ بِجُلُودِ الْمَيْتَةِ إِنَّمَا هِيَ بَعْدَ الدِّبَاغِ لَا قَبْلُ
“Why don’t they take its skin and ten it, and make us of it?” They said: “O Messenger of Allah, it is dead meat.”* He said: “It is only unlawful to eat it.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3610)
مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِشَاةٍ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ مَيْتَةٍ أُعْطِيَتْهَا مَوْلَاةٌ لِمَيْمُونَةَ فَقَالَ «أَلَا أَخَذُوا إِهَابَهَا فَدَبَغُوهَا فَانْتَفَعُوا بِهَا؟ » فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا مَيْتَةٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «إِنَّمَا حُرِّمَ أَكْلُهَا»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الدَّالِّ عَلَى إِبَاحَةِ الِانْتِفَاعِ بِجُلُودِ الْمَيْتَةِ مَا يَحِلُّ مِنْهَا بِالذَّكَاةِ وَمَا لَا يَحِلُّ إِذَا احْتَمَلَتِ الدِّبَاغَ
the Messenger of Allah ordered that the hides of dead animals be made use of if they had been tanned. (Daif) (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4252)
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ أَنْ يُسْتَمْتَعَ بِجُلُودِ الْمَيْتَةِ إِذَا دُبِغَتْ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يَدُلُّ عَلَى إِبَاحَةِ الِانْتِفَاعِ بِكُلِّ جَلْدِ مَيِّتٍ إِذَا دُبِغَ وَاحْتَمَلَ الدِّبَاغَ
“I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Any skin that has been tanned has been purified.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3609)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «أَيُّمَا إِهَابٍ دُبِغَ فَقَدْ طَهُرَ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ ابْنُ وَعْلَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَلَا زَيْدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ مِنْهُ
“I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Any skin that has been tanned has been purified.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3609)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «أَيُّمَا إِهَابٍ دُبِغَ فَقَدْ طَهُرَ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَنْ إِبَاحَةِ انْتِفَاعِ الْمَرْءِ بِجُلُودِ مَا يَحِلُّ بِالذَّكَاةِ إِذَا دُبِغَتْ وَإِذَا كَانَتْ مَيْتَةً
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ passed by a dead sheep and said, "Why don't you take its skin and tan it so that you can benefit from it?" They said, "But it is dead." He said, "Only its consumption is forbidden."
مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِشَاةٍ مَيْتَةٍ فَقَالَ «أَلَا أَخَذُوا إِهَابَهَا فَدَبَغُوهُ فَانْتَفَعُوا بِهِ؟ » فَقَالُوا إِنَّهَا مَيْتَةٌ فَقَالَ «إِنَّمَا حُرِّمَ أَكْلُهَا»
8.15.13 Subsection
٨۔١٥۔١٣ ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الِانْتِفَاعَ بِجُلُودِ الْمَيْتَةِ بَعْدَ الدِّبَاغِ جَائِزٌ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The tanning of the skin of a dead animal makes it pure."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «دِبَاغُ جُلُودِ الْمَيْتَةِ طَهُورُهَا»
I had some sheep at Uhud, and they began to die. I then entered upon Maymunah, wife of the Prophet ﷺ, and mentioned it to her. Maymunah said to me: If you took their skins and made use of them, (that would be better for you). She asked: Is that lawful? She replied, Yes. Some people of the Quraysh passed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ dragging a sheep of theirs as big as an ass. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to them: Would that you took its skin. They said: It died a natural death. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Water and leaves of the mimosa flava purify it. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4126)
أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ كَانَ لِي غَنْمٌ بِأُحُدٍ فَوَقَعَ فِيهَا الْمَوْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى مَيْمُونَةَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ لِي مَيْمُونَةُ لَوْ أَخَذْتِ جُلُودَهَا فَانْتَفَعْتِ بِهَا؟ قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ وَيَحِلُّ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى رِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ يَجُرُّونَ شَاةً لَهُمْ مِثْلَ الْحِمَارِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَوْ أَخَذْتُمْ إِهَابَهَا» قَالُوا إِنَّهَا مَيْتَةٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يُطَهِّرُهَا الْمَاءُ وَالْقَرَظُ»