8. Ṣalāh for Rain (Istisqāʾ)
٨۔ كِتَابُ صَلَاةِ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ
[Machine] He heard his paternal uncle, who was one of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , say that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out one day to pray for rain. He turned his back to the people, raised his hands and supplicated to Allah. Then he faced the qibla (direction of prayer), turned his cloak inside out, and prayed two units of prayer. Ibn Abi Dhia'b, a narrator of the hadith, recited in them. Ibn Wahb said that he meant reciting them loudly.
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَمَّهُ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا يَسْتَسْقِي فَحَوَّلَ إِلَى النَّاسِ ظَهْرَهَ يَدْعُو اللهَ وَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ فَحَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَقَرَأَ فِيهِمَا قَالَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ يُرِيدُ الْجَهْرَ
The people complained to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ of the lack of rain, so he gave an order for a pulpit. It was then set up for him in the place of prayer. He fixed a day for the people on which they should come out. Aisha said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ, when the rim of the sun appeared, sat down on the pulpit, and having pronounced the greatness of Allah and expressed His praise, he said: You have complained of drought in your homes, and of the delay in receiving rain at the beginning of its season. Allah has ordered you to supplicate Him has and promised that He will answer your prayer. Then he said: Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Universe, the Compassionate, the Merciful, the Master of the Day of Judgment. There is no god but Allah Who does what He wishes. O Allah, Thou art Allah, there is no deity but Thou, the Rich, while we are the poor. Send down the rain upon us and make what Thou sendest down a strength and satisfaction for a time. He then raised his hands, and kept raising them till the whiteness under his armpits was visible. He then turned his back to the people and inverted or turned round his cloak while keeping his hands aloft. He then faced the people, descended and prayed two rak'ahs. Allah then produced a cloud, and the storm of thunder and lightning came on. Then the rain fell by Allah's permission, and before he reached his mosque streams were flowing. When he saw the speed with which the people were seeking shelter, he ﷺ laughed till his back teeth were visible. Then he said: I testify that Allah is Omnipotent and that I am Allah's servant and apostle. Abu Dawud said: This is a ghraib (rate) tradition, but its chain is sound. The people of Medina recite "maliki" (instead of maaliki) yawm al-din" (the master of the Day of Judgement). But this tradition (in which the word maalik occurs) is an evidence for them. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1173)
شَكَيَ النَّاسُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قُحُوطَ الْمَطَرِ فَأَمَرَ بِمِنْبَرٍ فَوُضِعَ لَهُ فِي الْمُصَلَّى وَوَعَدَ النَّاسَ يَوْمًا يَخْرُجُونَ فِيهِ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ بَدَا حَاجِبُ الشَّمْسِ فَقَعَدَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَكَبَّرَ وَحَمِدَ اللهَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّكُمْ شَكَوْتُمْ جَدْبَ دِيَارِكُمْ وَاسْتِيخَارَ الْمَطَرِ عَنْ إِبَّانِ زَمَانِهِ عَنْكُمْ وَقَدْ أَمَرَكُمُ اللهُ ﷻ أَنْ تَدَعُوهُ وَوَعَدَكُمْ أَنْ يَسْتَجِيبَ لَكُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ الرَّحْمِنِ الرَّحِيمِ مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ يَفْعَلُ مَا يُرِيدُ اللهُمَّ أَنْتَ اللهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَنْتَ الْغَنِيُّ وَنَحْنُ الْفُقَرَاءُ أَنْزِلْ عَلَيْنَا الْغَيْثَ وَاجْعَلْ مَا أَنْزَلْتَ لَنَا قُوَّةً وَبَلَاغًا إِلَى حِينٍ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ فِي الرَّفْعِ حَتَّى بَدَا بَيَاضُ إِبْطَيْهِ ثُمَّ حَوَّلَ إِلَى النَّاسِ ظَهْرَهُ وَقَلَبَ أَوْ حَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ وَهُوَ رَافِعٌ يَدَهُ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَنَزَلَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَأَنْشَأَ اللهُ تَعَالَى سَحَابًا فَرَعَدَتْ وَبَرَقَتْ ثُمَّ أَمْطَرَتْ بِإِذْنِ اللهِ تَعَالَى فَلَمْ يَأْتِ مَسْجِدَهُ حَتَّى سَالَتِ السُّيُولُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى سُرْعَتَهُمْ إِلَى الْكَنِّ ضَحِكَ حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ وَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ اللهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ وَأَنِّي عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ
[Machine] Abdullah bin Yazid al-Ansari went out to seek rain and he had seen the Prophet ﷺ. He went out with al-Bara bin 'Azib and Zaid bin Arqam. Abu Ishaq said, "I was also with them. He stood on his two feet on a platform, then sought rain and sought forgiveness. Then he prayed two Rak'ahs with us, and he recited them aloud. He did not call the Adhan nor the Iqamah that day."
خَرَجَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ يَسْتَسْقِي وَقَدْ كَانَ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَخَرَجَ فِيمَنْ خَرَجَ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ عَازِبٍ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ قَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَامَ قَائِمًا عَلَى رِجْلَيْهِ عَلَى غَيْرِ مِنْبَرٍ فَاسْتَسْقَى وَاسْتَغْفَرَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِنَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَنَحْنُ خَلْفَهُ يَجْهَرُ فِيهِمَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ لَمْ يُؤَذِّنْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلَمْ يُقِمْ