8. Ṣalāh for Rain (Istisqāʾ)
٨۔ كِتَابُ صَلَاةِ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ
O people, Allah is Good and He therefore, accepts only that which is good. And Allah commanded the believers as He commanded the Messengers by saying: "O Messengers, eat of the good things, and do good deeds; verily I am aware of what you do" (xxiii. 51). And He said: "O those who believe, eat of the good things that We gave you" (ii. 172). He then made a mention of a person who travels widely, his hair disheveled and covered with dust. He lifts his hand towards the sky (and thus makes the supplication): "O Lord, O Lord," whereas his diet is unlawful, his drink is unlawful, and his clothes are unlawful and his nourishment is unlawful. How can then his supplication be accepted? (Using translation from Muslim 1015)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ طَيِّبٌ لَا يَقْبَلُ إِلَّا الطَّيِّبَ وَإِنَّ اللهَ أَمَرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَا أَمَرَ بِهِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ قَالَ {يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صَالِحًا إِنِّي بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ} [المؤمنون 51] وَقَالَ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ} [البقرة 172] ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الرَّجُلُ يُطِيلُ السَّفَرَ أَشْعَثَ أَغْبَرَ يَمُدُّ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ يَا رَبِّ يَا رَبِّ وَمَطْعَمُهُ حَرَامٌ وَمَشْرَبُهُ حَرَامٌ وَمَلْبَسُهُ حَرَامٌ وَقَدْ غُذِّيَ بِالْحَرَامِ فَأَنَّى يُسْتَجَابُ لَهُ
[Machine] The messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed, Allah has said, 'Whoever shows hostility towards a close friend of Mine, I have declared war against him. And My servant does not draw near to Me with anything more beloved to me than the duties I have obligated upon him. My servant continues to draw near to Me with supererogatory acts of worship until I love him. When I love him, I become his hearing with which he hears, his sight with which he sees, his hand with which he grasps, and his leg with which he walks. If he were to ask Me, I would surely give to him; and if he were to seek refuge in Me, I would surely protect him.' And the rest of the Hadith, I have mentioned it in the book of names and attributes with its interpretation."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ قَالَ مَنْ عَادَى لِي وَلِيًّا فَقَدْ بَارَزَنِي بِالْحَرْبِ وَمَا تَقَرَّبَ إِلَيَّ عَبْدٌ بِشَيْءٍ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا افْتَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَا زَالَ يَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَيَّ بِالنَّوَافِلِ حَتَّى أُحِبَّهُ فَإِذَا أَحْبَبْتُهُ كُنْتُ سَمْعَهُ الَّذِي يَسْمَعُ بِهِ وَبَصَرَهُ الَّذِي يُبْصِرُ بِهِ وَيَدَهُ الَّتِي يَبْطِشُ بِهَا وَرِجْلَهُ الَّتِي يَمْشِي عَلَيْهَا وَلَئِنْ سَأَلَنِي عَبْدِي أَعْطَيْتُهُ وَلَئِنْ اسْتَعَاذَنِي لَأُعِيذَنَّهُ وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ قَدْ أَخْرَجْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِ الْأَسْمَاءِ وَالصِّفَاتِ مَعَ تَأْوِيلِهِ
[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ said, "The doors of heaven are opened every Monday and Thursday, and every slave who does not associate anything with Allah will be forgiven, except for the one who has enmity between him and his brother." He said, "Wait for these two to reconcile." Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, Abu Bakr ibn Abu Darim Al-Hafiz in Kufa informed us, Muhammad ibn Abdullah Al-Hadrami informed us, Othman ibn Abi Shaybah informed us, from Jarir, from Suhail, who mentioned it with the same meaning, except that he said, "Wait for these two to reconcile twice."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ تُفْتَحُ أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ فِي كُلِّ اثْنَيْنِ وَخَمِيسٍ فَيُغْفَرُ لِكُلِّ عَبْدٍ لَا يُشْرِكُ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا إِلَّا امْرَأً بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَخِيهِ شَحْنَاءُ قَالَ فَيُقَالُ انْتَظِرْ هَذَيْنِ حَتَّى يَصْطَلِحَا وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي دَارِمٍ الْحَافِظُ بِالْكُوفَةِ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ثنا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ انْظُرُوا هَذَيْنِ حَتَّى يَصْطَلِحَا مَرَّتَيْنِ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "No community has ever violated a treaty but that there was killing among them, and no indecency appeared among a people but that Allah brought death upon them, and no people withheld zakat but that Allah withheld rain from them."
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا نَقْضَ قَوْمٌ الْعَهْدَ قَطُّ إِلَّا كَانَ الْقَتْلُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَمَا ظَهَرَتْ فَاحِشَةٌ فِي قَوْمٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا سَلَّطَ اللهُ ﷻ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَوْتَ وَلَا مَنَعَ قَوْمٌ الزَّكَاةَ إِلَّا حَبَسَ اللهُ عَنْهُمُ الْقَطْرَ كَذَا
[Machine] No people have ever violated a covenant without Allah subjecting their enemy to them. And no obscene conduct became widespread among a people except that Allah inflicted them with death. And no people have reduced the scales [of justice] except that Allah caused them to suffer from famine. And no people have withheld zakah except that Allah withheld rainfall from the heavens. And whenever a people judge with partiality, they will likely experience a disaster. And [the Prophet] said, "And killing."
مَا نَقَضَ قَوْمٌ الْعَهْدَ قَطُّ إِلَّا سَلَّطَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ عَدُوَّهُمْ وَلَا فَشَتِ الْفَاحِشَةُ فِي قَوْمٍ إِلَّا أَخَذَهُمُ اللهُ بِالْمَوْتِ وَمَا طَفَّفَ قَوْمٌ الْمِيزَانَ إِلَّا أَخَذَهُمُ اللهُ بِالسِّنِينَ وَمَا مَنَعَ قَوْمٌ الزَّكَاةَ إِلَّا مَنَعَهُمُ اللهُ الْقَطْرَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَمَا جَارَ قَوْمٌ فِي حُكْمٍ إِلَّا كَانَ الْبَأْسُ بَيْنَهُمْ أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ وَالْقَتْلُ