[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed the Fajr prayer in Hudaybiyah after a rainy night. After he finished, he turned to the people and asked, "Do you know what your Lord ﷻ has said?" They replied, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said, "Some of my slaves have become believers in Me and disbelievers in the star. As for those who said, 'We have been given rain by the grace and mercy of Allah,' they are believers in Me and disbelievers in the star. And as for those who said, 'We have been given rain by such and such star,' they are disbelievers in Me and believers in the star."  

صَلَّى لَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الصُّبْحِ بِالْحُدَيْبِيَةَ فِي إِثْرِ سَمَاءٍ كَانَتْ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ؛ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَقَالَ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ ﷻ ؟ قَالُوا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ أَصْبَحَ مِنْ عِبَادِي مُؤْمِنٌ بِي وَكَافِرٌ فَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ مُطِرْنَا بِفَضْلِ اللهِ وَرَحْمَتِهِ فَذَلِكَ مُؤْمِنٌ بِي كَافِرٌ بِالْكَوْكَبِ وَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ كَذَا وَكَذَا؛ فَذَلِكَ كَافِرٌ بِي مُؤْمِنٌ بِالْكَوْكَبِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Did you not see what your Lord said? He said, 'I have not bestowed upon My servants any blessing except that a group among them becomes disbelievers in it, saying 'star' and 'by the star.'"  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَلَمْ تَرَوْا إِلَى مَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟ قَالَ مَا أَنْعَمْتُ عَلَى عِبَادِي مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ إِلَّا أَصْبَحَ فَرِيقٌ مِنْهُمْ بِهَا كَافِرِينَ يَقُولُونَ الْكَوْكَبُ وَبِالْكَوْكَبِ  

Some people entered the morning with gratitude and some with ingratitude (to Allah). Those who entered with gratitude said: This is the blessing of Allah, and those who entered with ingratitude said: Such and such asterism was right. It was upon this that the verse was revealed: I swear by the setting of the stars to the end and make your provision that you should disbelieve it. (Using translation from Muslim 73)   

مُطِرَ النَّاسُ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَصْبَحَ مِنَ النَّاسِ شَاكِرٌ وَمِنْهُمْ كَافِرٌ قَالُوا هَذِهِ رَحْمَةٌ وَضَعَهَا اللهُ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَقَدْ صَدَقَ نَوْءُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {فَلَا أُقْسِمُ بِمَوَاقِعِ النُّجُومِ} [الواقعة 75] حَتَّى بَلَغَ {وَتَجْعَلُونَ رِزْقَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ} [الواقعة 82]  

[Machine] It does not rain and no one gives except for Allah. As for those who say, "We cause it to rain by our will, just as some of the polytheists claim to add rain to what has already rained, and say that they themselves made it rain," then this is considered disbelief, as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has said. Because time is created and does not possess and cannot control anything by itself or for others, it does not rain or create anything. However, if someone says, "We cause it to rain by our will, in the time when rain is meant to fall," then this is not considered disbelief. I prefer that one says, "We cause it to rain in the time when rain is meant to fall," as it has been reported that some companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say on a rainy morning, "We cause it to rain by the will of Fath (victory)," then they recite the verse, "Whatever Allah grants to people of mercy - none can withhold it" [Surah Fatir 2]. Ash-Shafi'i and some also narrated from Umar that he said on a Friday while on the pulpit, "How much is left of the time of ath-Thuraiya?" Al-Abbas replied, "Nothing is left except al-Awaa," so Umar supplicated and called upon the people until he descended from the pulpit and it rained heavily, reviving the people. This statement of Umar clarifies what I have described, because he only wanted to know how much time is left of the ath-Thuraiya in order to understand that Allah has decreed rain in specific times, as they experienced, just as they knew that Allah has decreed heat and cold in specific times.  

أَنَّهُ لَا يُمْطِرُ وَلَا يُعْطِي إِلَّا اللهُ ﷻ وَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ كَذَا عَلَى مَا كَانَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ يَعْنُونَ مِنْ إِضَافَةِ الْمَطَرِ إِلَى أَنَّهُ أَمْطَرَهُ نَوْءُ كَذَا فَذَلِكَ كُفْرٌ كَمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِأَنَّ النَّوْءَ وَقْتٌ وَالْوَقْتُ مَخْلُوقٌ لَا يَمْلِكُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَلَا لِغَيْرِهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يُمْطِرُ وَلَا يَصْنَعُ شَيْئًا؛ فَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ كَذَا عَلَى مَعْنَى مُطِرْنَا فِي وَقْتِ نَوْءِ كَذَا فَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ كَقَوْلِهِ مُطِرْنَا فِي شَهْرِ كَذَا فَلَا يَكُونُ هَذَا كُفْرٌ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنَ الْكَلَامِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْهُ أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَقُولَ مُطِرْنَا فِي وَقْتِ كَذَا قَالَ وَبَلَغَنِي أَنَّ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا أَصْبَحَ وَقَدْ مُطِرَ النَّاسُ قَالَ مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ الْفَتْحِ ثُمَّ يَقْرَأُ {مَا يفْتَحُ اللهُ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ رَحْمَةٍ فَلَا مُمْسِكَ لَهَا} [فاطر 2] 6453 قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ كَمْ بَقِيَ مِنْ نَوْءِ الثُّرَيَّا؟ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا الْعَوَاءُ فَدَعَا وَدَعَا النَّاسُ حَتَّى نَزَلَ عَنِ الْمِنْبَرِ فَمُطِرَ مَطَرًا أُحْيِيَ النَّاسُ مِنْهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَقَوْلُ عُمَرَ ؓ هَذَا يُبَيِّنُ مَا وَصَفْتُ؛ لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ كَمْ بَقِيَ مِنْ وَقْتِ الثُّرَيَّا لِمَعْرِفَتِهِمْ بِأَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَدَّرَ الْأَمْطَارَ فِي أَوْقَاتٍ فِيمَا قَدْ جَرَّبُوا كَمَا عَلِمُوا أَنَّهُ قَدَّرَ الْحَرَّ وَالْبَرْدَ فِيمَا جَرَّبُوا فِي أَوْقَاتٍ  

[Machine] He excelled in what the praise speaker composed yesterday, so Umar denied his statement. He excelled in what the praise speaker composed due to his addition of rain to the verbal praise. Imam Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "All of this is the speech of Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, and by the One."  

أَجَادَ مَا أَفْرَى الْمِجْدَحَ الْبَارِحَةَ فَأَنْكَرَ عُمَرُ قَوْلَهُ أَجَادَ مَا أَفْرَى الْمِجْدَحَ لِإِضَافَتِهِ الْمَطَرَ إِلَى الْمِجْدَحِ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذَا كُلُّهُ كَلَامُ الشَّافِعِيِّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَالَّذِي  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "Indeed, Allah grants people blessings during the night, but the majority of them wake up ungrateful for these blessings. They say: 'We were rained upon due to such and such star.' Muhammad ibn Ibrahim narrated this hadith to me from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, who heard it from Salman, who heard it from Abu Hurairah." Sa'id said, "We have also heard this from Abu Hurairah, who narrated to us that the one who witnessed this prayer was 'Umar ibn al-Khattab while he was seeking rain from the people during the year of Ash-Ramadah. He called upon them, and they lined up for a long time, and he sought rain for a long time. Then he asked 'Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib, 'O Abbas, how much of Thuriyya (a star) is left?' Abbas replied, 'O Commander of the Believers, the people of knowledge claim that it will rise on the horizon after it sets for seven days.' 'Umar said, 'By Allah, those seven days have not passed yet, and the people have been granted rain.' May Allah have mercy on Sheikh Al-Shafi'i, who reconciled between both narrations."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ لَيُبَيِّتُ الْقَوْمَ بِالنِّعْمَةِ ثُمَّ يصْبِحُونَ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ بِهَا كَافِرٌ يَقُولُونَ مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ سَلْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فَقَالَ سَعِيدٌ نَحْنُ قَدْ سَمِعْنَا ذَاكَ مِنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ 6455 وَقَدْ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ لَا أَتَّهِمُ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ هَذَا الْمُصَلَّى مِنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ وَهُوَ يَسْتَسْقِي بِالنَّاسِ عَامَ الرَّمَادَةِ قَالَ فَدَعَا وَالنَّاسُ طَوِيلًا وَاسْتَسْقَى طَوِيلًا وَقَالَ لِلْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ يَا عَبَّاسُ كَمْ بَقِيَ مِنْ نَوْءِ الثُّرَيَّا؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ ؓ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْعِلْمِ بِهَا يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهَا تَعْتَرِضُ بِالْأُفُقِ بَعْدَ وَقُوعِهَا سَبْعًا قَالَ فَوَاللهِ مَا مَضَتْ تِلْكَ السَّبْعُ حَتَّى أُغِيثَ النَّاسُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَجْهُ الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَهُمَا مَا ذَكَرَهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ