[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Mu'hayyisah, "Say takbeer, say takbeer." Then Huwayyisah spoke first, and then Mu'hayyisah spoke. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Either they should hand over your companion, or they should declare war." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote to them regarding this matter, and they wrote in response, "By Allah, we did not kill him." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Huwayyisah, Mu'hayyisah, and 'Abdur-Rahman, "Do you swear and deserve the blood of your companion?" They said, "No." He said, "Then do the Jews swear?" They said, "No, they are not Muslims." He said, "By Allah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ desires this from them," so he sent them a hundred camels until they were brought to them. Sahl said, "I was grazed by a red camel from it," and this is the wording of the narration of Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him.  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِمُحَيِّصَةَ كَبِّرْ كَبِّرْ يُرِيدُ السِّنَّ فَتَكَلَّمَ حُوَيِّصَةُ ثُمَّ تَكَلَّمَ مُحَيِّصَةُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِمَّا أَنْ يَدُوا صَاحِبَكُمْ وَإِمَّا أَنْ يُؤْذَنُوا بِحَرْبٍ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي ذَلِكَ فَكَتَبُوا إِنَّا وَاللهِ مَا قَتَلْنَاهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِحُوَيِّصَةَ وَمُحَيِّصَةَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ تَحْلِفُونَ وَتَسْتَحِقُّونَ دَمَ صَاحِبِكُمْ؟ قَالُوا لَا قَالَ فَتَحْلِفُ يَهُودُ؟ قَالُوا لَا لَيْسُوا بِمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ فَوَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِمِائَةِ نَاقَةٍ حَتَّى أُدْخِلَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الدَّارَ فَقَالَ سَهْلٌ لَقَدْ رَكَضَتْنِي مِنْهَا نَاقَةٌ حَمْرَاءُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الشَّافِعِيِّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ  

'Abdullah bin Sahi Al-Anasri and Muhayysah bin Mas'ud went out to Khaibar and went their separate ways to go about their business. 'Abdullah bin Sahl Al-Anasari was killed and Muhayysah. 'Abdur-Rahman, who was the brother of the victim, and Huwayysah, came to the Messenger of Allah. 'Abdur-Rahman started to speak, but the prophert said to him: "Let the elders speak first." So Muhayysah and Huwayysah spoke and told him about the case of 'Abdullah bin Sahl. The Messenger of Allah said: "Will you swear fifty oaths, then you will receive compensation or be entitled to retaliate?" They said: "How can we swear an oath when we did not witness (what happened) and we were not there?" The Messenger of Allah said: "Then can the Jews swear fifty oaths declaring their innocence?" They said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can we accept the oath of a disbelieving people?" So the Messenger of Allah paid the blood money himself. (One of the narrators) Bushair said: 'One of those camels kicked me in a Mirbad of ours."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4716)   

أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ سَهْلٍ وَمُحَيِّصَةَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ خَرَجَا إِلَى خَيْبَرَ فَتَفَرَّقَا لِحَاجَتِهِمَا فَقُتِلَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ فَانْطَلَقَ هُوَ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ أَخُو الْمَقْتُولِ وَحُوَيِّصَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرُوا لَهُ قَتْلَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَحْلِفُونَ خَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا وَتَسْتَحِقُّونَ دَمَ قَاتِلِكُمْ أَوْ صَاحِبِكُمْ؟ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَمْ نَشْهَدْ وَلَمْ نَحْضُرْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَتُبْرِئُكُمْ يَهُودُ بِخَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا؟ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَيْفَ نَقْبَلُ أَيْمَانَ قَوْمٍ كُفَّارٍ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَقَلَهُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ قَالَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ قَالَ سَهْلٌ لَقَدْ رَكَضَتْنِي فَرِيضَةٌ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْفَرَائِضِ فِي مِرْبَدٍ لَنَا  

The eldest one (eldest in regard to age should speak). So he kept quiet, and his companions (Muhayyisa and Huwayyisa) began to speak, and he ('Abd al Rahman) spoke along with them and they narrated to Messenger of Allah ﷺ the murder of 'Abdullah b. Sahl. Thereupon he said to them: Are you prepared to take fifty oaths so that you may be entitled (to blood-wit) of your companion (or your man who has murdered)? They said: How can we take an oath on a matter which we have not witnessed? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Then the Jews will exonerate themselves by fifty oaths. They said: How can we accept the oaths of people who are unbelievers? When Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw that, he himself paid his blood-wit. (Using translation from Muslim 1669a)   

وَعَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ أَنَّهُمَا قَالَا خَرَجَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَهْلِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَمُحَيِّصَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَا بِخَيْبَرَ تَفَرَّقَا فِي بَعْضِ مَا هُنَالِكَ ثُمَّ إِذَا مُحَيِّصَةُ يَجِدُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ سَهْلٍ قَتِيلًا فَدَفَنَهُ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ هُوَ وَحُوَيِّصَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَكَانَ أَصْغَرَ الْقَوْمِ فَذَهَبَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ لِيَتَكَلَّمَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ كَبِّرْ لِلْكُبْرِ فِي السِّنِّ فَصَمَتَ وَتَكَلَّمَ صَاحِبَاهُ ثُمَّ تَكَلَّمَ مَعَهُمَا فَذَكَرُوا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَقْتَلَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَتَحْلِفُونَ خَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا فَتَسْتَحِقُّونَ صَاحِبَكُمْ أَوْ قَاتِلَكُمْ؟ قَالُوا وَكَيْفَ نَحْلِفُ وَلَمْ نَشْهَدْ؟ قَالَ فَتُبَرِّئُكُمْ الْيَهُودُ بِخَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا؟ قَالُوا وَكَيْفَ نَقْبَلُ أَيْمَانَ كُفَّارٍ؟ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَعْطَى عَقْلَهُ  

ʿAbdullah bin Sahl and Muhaiyisa bin Masʿud bin Zaid set out to Khaibar, the inhabitants of which had a peace treaty with the Muslims at that time. They parted and later on Muhaiyisa came upon ʿAbdullah bin Sah! and found him murdered agitating in his blood. He buried him and returned to Medina. ʿAbdur Rahman bin Sahl, Muhaiyisa and Huwaiuisa, the sons of Masʿud came to the Prophet ﷺ and ʿAbdur Rahman intended to talk, but the Prophet ﷺ said (to him), "Let the eldest of you speak." as ʿAbdur-Rahman was the youngest:. ʿAbdur-Rahman kept silent and the other two spoke. The Prophet ﷺ said, "If you swear as to who has committed the murder, you will have the right to take your right from the murderer." They said, "How should we swear if we did not witness the murder or see the murderer?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Then the Jews can clear themselves from the charge by taking Alaska (an oath taken by men that it was not they who committed the murder)." The!y said, "How should we believe in the oaths of infidels?" So, the Prophet ﷺ himself paid the blood money (of ʿAbdullah). (See Hadith No. 36 Vol. 9.) (Using translation from Bukhārī 3173)   

انْطَلَقَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَمُحَيِّصَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ صُلْحٌ فَتَفَرَّقَا فِي حَوَائِجِهِمَا فَأَتَى مُحَيِّصَةُ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ وَهُوَ يَتَشَحَّطُ فِي دَمِهِ قَتِيلًا فَدَفَنَهُ ثُمَّ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَانْطَلَقَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَمُحَيِّصَةُ وَحُوَيِّصَةُ ابْنَا مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَهَبَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَتَكَلَّمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ كَبِّرِ الْكُبْرَ وَهُوَ أَحْدَثُ الْقَوْمِ فَسَكَتَ فَتَكَلَّمَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَتَحْلِفُونَ خَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا وَتَسْتَحِقُّونَ قَاتِلَكُمْ أَوْ صَاحِبَكُمْ؟ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَيْفَ نَحْلِفُ وَلَمْ نَشْهَدْ وَلَمْ نَرَ؟ قَالَ فَتُبَرِّئُكُمْ يَهُودُ بِخَمْسِينَ؟ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَيْفَ نَأْخُذُ أَيْمَانَ قَوْمٍ كُفَّارٍ قَالَ فَعَقَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ مُسَدَّدٍ  

[Machine] That Muhaisha bin Masood and Abdullah bin Sahl went out before the Battle of Khaybar, and they separated in the palm grove. Abdullah bin Sahl was killed, and they accused the Jews. Then his brother, Abdul Rahman bin Sahl, and his cousins Huwayyisa and Muhaisha came to the Prophet ﷺ . Abdul Rahman spoke about the matter of his brother, even though he was the youngest among them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Let the older among you start speaking." So they both spoke about the matter of their companion, and the Prophet ﷺ said, "Shall I swear by fifty of you to give up his blood money?" They said, "We have never witnessed such a thing, how could we swear?" He said, "So can the Jews be exonerated by the oaths of fifty of them?" They said, "O Messenger of Allah, they are disbelievers." He said, "By Allah, I wish I had accepted it." Sahl said, "One day, I entered a bathhouse belonging to them, and a camel chased me, and it ran with one of its legs, similar to this or something like it." This is the wording of the narration from Al-Rudhabari, and in the narration of Abu Abdullah, the Prophet ﷺ said, "You have made your companion or your slain one deserve it by the oaths of fifty of you." They said, "We have never witnessed such a thing." He said, "So can the Jews be exonerated by the oaths of fifty of them?" And he mentioned the rest in its meaning.  

أَنَّ مُحَيِّصَةَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ وَعَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ سَهْلٍ انْطَلَقَا قَبْلَ خَيْبَرَ فَتَفَرَّقَا فِي النَّخْلِ فَقُتِلَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ فَاتَّهَمُوا الْيَهُودَ فَجَاءَ أَخُوهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَابْنَا عَمِّهِ حُوَيِّصَةُ وَمُحَيِّصَةُ فَأَتَوَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَتَكَلَّمَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فِي أَمْرِ أَخِيهِ وَهُوَ أَصْغَرُهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْكُبْرَ الْكُبْرَ أَوْ قَالَ لِيَبْدَأِ الْأَكْبَرُ فَتَكَلَّمَا فِي أَمْرِ صَاحِبِهِمَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُقْسِمُ خَمْسُونَ مِنْكُمْ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ فَيُدْفَعُ بِرُمَّتِهِ؟ قَالُوا أَمْرٌ لَمْ نَشْهَدْهُ كَيْفَ نَحْلِفُ؟ قَالَ فَتُبْرِئُكُمْ يَهُودُ بِأَيْمَانِ خَمْسِينَ مِنْهُمْ؟ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَوْمٌ كُفَّارٌ قَالَ فَوَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ قِبَلِهِ قَالَ سَهْلٌ دَخَلْتُ مِرْبَدًا لَهُمْ يَوْمًا فَرَكَضَتْنِي نَاقَةٌ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْإِبِلِ رَكْضَةً بِرِجْلِهَا هَذَا أَوْ نَحْوُهُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الرُّوذْبَارِيِّ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَحِقُّوا صَاحِبَكُمْ أَوْ قَالَ قَتِيلَكُمْ بِأَيْمَانِ خَمْسِينَ مِنْكُمْ قَالُوا أَمْرٌ لَمْ نَشْهَدْهُ قَالَ فَتُبْرِئُكُمْ يَهُودُ بِأَيْمَانِ خَمْسِينَ مِنْهُمْ وَذَكَرَ الْبَاقِيَ بِمَعْنَاهُ  

[Machine] He informed him and he was an elderly knowledgeable sheikh. He had encountered among the people of his town, from the Bani Harithah, companions of the Prophet ﷺ , men such as Rafe' ibn Khadeej, Sahl ibn Abu Hathmah, and Suwaid ibn Al Nu'man. They narrated to him that there was a dispute among them in Bani Harithah ibn Al Harith over a man from the Ansar named Abdullah ibn Sahl, who was killed in Khaybar. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to them, "You must swear by fifty men to hold your killer responsible." They replied, "O Messenger of Allah, we did not witness it nor were we present." Bashir claimed that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said to them, "The Jews will clear you by fifty." Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah mentioned this narration from Yahya, differing from the majority in wording.  

أَخْبَرَهُ وَكَانَ شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا فَقِيهًا وَكَانَ قَدْ أَدْرَكَ مِنْ أَهْلِ دَارِهِ مِنْ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ رِجَالًا مِنْهُمْ رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ وَسَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ وَسُوَيْدُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ حَدَّثُوهُ أَنَّ الْقَسَامَةَ كَانَتْ فِيهِمْ فِي بَنِي حَارِثَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ فِي رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يُدْعَى عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ سَهْلٍ قُتِلَ بِخَيْبَرَ وَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَهُمْ تَحْلِفُونَ خَمْسِينَ فَتَسْتَحِقُّونَ قَاتِلَكُمْ أَوْ قَالَ صَاحِبَكُمْ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا شَهِدْنَا وَلَا حَضَرْنَا فَزَعَمَ بَشِيرٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَهُمْ فَتُبْرِئُكُمْ يَهُودُ بِخَمْسِينَ فَذَكَرَهُ وَرَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى فَخَالَفَ الْجَمَاعَةَ فِي لَفْظِهِ  

[Machine] Abdullah bin Sahal was found dead in a valley in Khaybar. His brother, Abdurrahman bin Sahal, brought the news to the Prophet Muhammad, and mentioned the animosity of the Jews towards them. The Prophet then asked if the Jews would be willing to take an oath fifty times to prove their innocence in Abdullah's murder. They replied saying that they could not trust their oaths, as they were polytheists. The Prophet then asked if fifty people among them would be willing to swear that they had killed Abdullah. They responded saying that it was impossible for them to make such a claim without evidence. The Prophet Muhammad swore that he would make everything right from his side.  

وُجِدَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ قَتِيلًا فِي قَلِيبٍ مِنْ قُلُبِ خَيْبَرَ فَجَاءَ أَخُوهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَعَمَّاهُ حُوَيِّصَةُ وَمُحَيِّصَةُ فَذَهَبَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَتَكَلَّمُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْكُبْرَ الْكُبْرَ فَتَكَلَّمَ أَحَدُ عَمَّيْهِ الْكَبِيرُ مِنْهُمَا إِمَّا حُوَيِّصَةُ وَإِمَّا مُحَيِّصَةُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّا وَجَدْنَا عَبْدَ اللهِ قَتِيلًا فِي قَلِيبٍ مِنْ قُلُبِ خَيْبَرَ فَذَكَرَ يَهُودَ وَعَدَاوَتِهُمْ وَشَرَّهُمْ قَالَ أَفَتُبْرِئُكُمْ يَهُودُ بِخَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا يَحْلِفُونَ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَقْتُلُوهُ؟ قَالُوا وَكَيْفَ نَرْضَى بِأَيْمَانِهِمْ وَهُمْ مُشْرِكُونَ؟ قَالَ فَيُقْسِمُ مِنْكُمْ خَمْسُونَ أَنَّهُمْ قَتَلُوهُ؟ قَالُوا وَكَيْفَ نُقْسِمُ عَلَى مَا لَمْ نَرَهُ؟ قَالَ فَوَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ  

[Machine] He informed him that a group of his people went to Khaibar and dispersed in it. They found one of them dead, so they said to those who found him with them, "Did you kill our companion?" They replied, "We did not kill him nor do we know." He then went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Prophet of Allah, we went to Khaibar and found one of us dead." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The most severe thing is severe." He said to them, "Can you bring any evidence against the murderer?" They said, "We have no evidence." He said, "Will you swear?" They said, "We do not accept the oaths of the Jews." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ disliked that his blood be invalid, so he accepted one hundred camels as blood money. This is the wording of the narration from Qatadan, and in the narration of others, it is one hundred camels from the charity.  

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ نَفَرًا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ انْطَلَقُوا إِلَى خَيْبَرَ فَتَفَرَّقُوا فِيهَا فَوَجَدُوا أَحَدَهُمْ قَتِيلًا فَقَالُوا لِلَّذِينَ وَجَدُوهُ عِنْدَهُمْ قَتَلْتُمْ صَاحِبَنَا؟ قَالُوا مَا قَتَلْنَا وَلَا عَلِمْنَا قَالَ فَانْطَلَقُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوا يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ انْطَلَقْنَا إِلَى خَيْبَرَ فَوَجَدْنَا أَحَدَنَا قَتِيلًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْكُبْرَ الْكُبْرَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ تَأْتُونَ بِالْبَيِّنَةِ عَلَى مَنْ قَتَلَ؟ قَالُوا مَا لَنَا بَيِّنَةٌ قَالَ فَيَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ؟ قَالُوا لَا نَرْضَى بِأَيْمَانِ الْيَهُودِ وَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُبْطِلَ دَمَهُ فَوَدَاهُ مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الْقَطَّانِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ غَيْرِهِ فَوَدَاهُ بِمِائَةٍ مِنْ إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ  

[Machine] By Allah, it was not like this, but it was a deception that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made when he told the Ansar to swear about something they had no knowledge of. But he wrote to the Jews of Khaybar when the Ansar said that there was a murderer among them, so give him up. They wrote to him swearing by Allah that they did not kill him and they did not know who killed him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ accepted their oath. Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us, Abu al-Abbas narrated to us, al-Rabi narrated to us, al-Shafi'i said: "And from the book of Umar ibn Habib, narrated by Muhammad ibn Ishaq, he mentioned this hadith. Al-Shafi'i said: A person asked me, 'What prevents you from accepting the hadith of Ibn Bujayd?' I replied, 'I do not know Ibn Bujayd, whether he heard from the Prophet ﷺ or not. If he heard from the Prophet ﷺ , then he is a mursal narrator, and neither I nor you can establish the mursal narrator as authentic. And I know that Sahl, the companion of the Prophet ﷺ , heard from him and transmitted the hadith in a manner that is only similar to definite proof. Therefore, I accept his hadith because of the description I have given.' He said, 'What prevents you from accepting the hadith of Ibn Shihab?' I said, 'It is mursal and the murdered person was from the Ansar, and the Ansar are more knowledgeable about it than others, for they are all trustworthy, and everyone among us is trustworthy by the blessing of Allah.' The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said, 'It is as if he was referring to the hadith of Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri.'"  

لَهُ وَاللهِ مَا هَكَذَا كَانَ الشَّانُ وَلَكِنْ سَهْلٌ أَوْهَمَ مَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ احْلِفُوا عَلَى مَا لَا عِلْمَ لَكُمْ بِهِ وَلَكِنَّهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى يَهُودَ خَيْبَرَ حِينَ كَلَّمَتْهُ الْأَنْصَارُ أَنَّهُ وُجِدَ فِيكُمْ قَتِيلٌ بَيْنَ أَبْيَاتِكُمْ فَدُوهُ فَكَتَبُوا إِلَيْهِ يَحْلِفُونَ بِاللهِ مَا قَتَلُوهُ وَلَا يَعْلَمُونَ لَهُ قَاتِلًا فَوَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ 16440 فَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ قَالَ وَمِنْ كِتَابِ عُمَرَ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ فَذَكَرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فَقَالَ لِي قَائِلٌ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ بِحَدِيثِ ابْنِ بُجَيْدٍ؟ قَالَ لَا أَعْلَمُ ابْنَ بُجَيْدٍ سَمِعَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمِعَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَهُوَ مُرْسَلٌ وَلَسْنَا وَلَا إِيَّاكَ نُثْبِتُ الْمُرْسَلَ وَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ سَهْلًا صَحِبَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَسَمِعَ مِنْهُ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ سِيَاقًا لَا يُشْبِهُ إِلَّا الْأَثْبَاتَ فَأَخَذْتُ بِهِ لِمَا وَصَفْتُ قَالَ فَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ بِحَدِيثِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ؟ قُلْتُ مُرْسَلٌ وَالْقَتِيلُ أَنْصَارِيٌّ وَالْأَنْصَارِيُّونَ بِالْعِنَايَةِ أَوْلَى بِالْعِلْمِ بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ إِذَا كَانَ كُلٌّ ثِقَةً وَكُلٌّ عِنْدَنَا بِنِعْمَةِ اللهِ ثِقَةٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَكَأَنَّهُ عَنَى بِحَدِيثِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيِّ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said to the Jews and started swearing by them with fifty men from among them? They refused, so he said to the Ansar, "Do you deserve it?" They said, "Shall we take an oath on something unseen, O Messenger of Allah?" So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made it for the Jews, as it was found among them. And this is sent with the abandonment of naming those who reported it, and it contradicts the continuous narration in the beginning regarding swearing, and in giving compensation, and the reliable narration from the Prophet ﷺ that he intended it from himself. Ibn Jurayj and others disagreed with him in his wording.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِيَهُودَ وَبَدَأَ بِهِمْ يَحْلِفُ مِنْكُمْ خَمْسُونَ رَجُلًا؟ فَأَبَوْا فَقَالَ لِلْأَنْصَارِ اسْتَحِقُّوا فَقَالُوا نَحْلِفُ عَلَى الْغَيْبِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَجَعَلَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى يَهُودَ لِأَنَّهُ وُجِدَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ بِتَرْكِ تَسْمِيَةِ الَّذِينَ حَدَّثُوهُمَا وَهُوَ يُخَالِفُ الْحَدِيثَ الْمُتَّصِلَ فِي الْبِدَايَةِ بِالْقَسَامَةِ وَفِي إِعْطَاءِ الدِّيَةِ وَالثَّابِتُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ وَدَاهُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَقَدْ خَالَفَهُ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَغَيْرُهُ فِي لَفْظِهِ  

[Machine] About a man from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ, who reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ confirmed the oath that they had taken in the pre-Islamic era. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled in a dispute among some of the Ansar (helpers) concerning a man who claimed to have killed a Jew.  

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَقَرَّ الْقَسَامَةَ عَلَى مَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَقَضَى بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ نَاسٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي قَتِيلٍ ادَّعَوْهُ عَلَى الْيَهُودِ  

[Machine] From some of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , it was narrated that the Qasamah existed during the era of Ignorance, and it was a form of blood revenge. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ affirmed it as it was in the era of Ignorance, and he resolved a dispute between some Ansar men from the tribe of Bani Harithah who accused the Jews. This was narrated by Yahya bin Ayoub from Aqeel and others.  

عَنْ أُنَاسٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ الْقَسَامَةَ كَانَتْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ قَسَامَةَ الدَّمِ فَأَقَرَّهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى مَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَقَضَى بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ أُنَاسٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ ادَّعَوْا عَلَى الْيَهُودِ وَرَوَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عَقِيلٍ وَغَيْرِهِ  

[Machine] To have fifty men swear fifty oaths, and if one of them breaks their oath, they will not be given blood, and this is final.  

أَنْ يُحَلِّفَ خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا خَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا فَإِنْ نَكَلَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ لَمْ يُعْطَوَا الدَّمَ وَهَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: "The burden of proof is upon the claimant, and the oath is upon the one who denies, except in cases of swearing by an oath." And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us that Abu Al-Walid Al-Faqih narrated to us that Ibrahim ibn Abi Talib narrated to us that Bishr ibn Al-Hakam narrated to us that Muslim ibn Khalid, who was Al-Zanji, mentioned it in a similar way.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْبَيِّنَةُ عَلَى مَنِ ادَّعَى وَالْيَمِينُ عَلَى مَنْ أَنْكَرَ إِلَّا فِي الْقَسَامَةِ 16446 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْفَقِيهُ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ وَهُوَ الزَّنْجِيُّ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ  

[Machine] A man from the Ansar was found dead in Daliet Nase, along with the Jews. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent to them and took fifty men from among them, the best of them, and made them swear by Allah that we did not kill him and we do not know who killed him, and they were required to pay blood money. They said, "Indeed, our Prophet Musa has ruled similarly regarding us. This person, the Kalbi tribe, is abandoned and Abu Salih is weak."  

وُجِدَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَتِيلًا فِي دَالِيَةِ نَاسٍ مَعَ الْيَهُودِ فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَخَذَ مِنْهُمْ خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا مِنْ خِيَارِهِمْ فَاسْتَحْلَفَهُمْ بِاللهِ مَا قَتَلْنَا وَلَا عَلِمْنَا قَاتِلًا وَجَعَلَ عَلَيْهِمُ الدِّيَةَ فَقَالُوا لَقَدْ قَضَى بِمَا قَضَى فِينَا نَبِيُّنَا مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَهَذَا لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ الْكَلْبِيُّ مَتْرُوكٌ وَأَبُو صَالِحٍ هَذَا ضَعِيفٌ  

[Machine] My father, Abu Saleh, everything I have told you about is a lie.  

لِي أَبُو صَالِحٍ كُلُّ مَا حَدَّثْتُكَ بِهِ كَذِبٌ  

[Machine] "Oh people of Hamdan, you have shed your own blood with your own oaths, so the blood of this Muslim man does not go in vain."  

يَا مَعْشَرَ هَمْدَانَ حَقَنْتُمْ دِمَاءَكُمْ بِأَيْمَانِكُمْ فَمَا يَبْطُلُ دَمُ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الْمُسْلِمِ  

[Machine] "To measure the distance between the two villages, he sent fifty men to them from Mecca to meet them at Al-Hajar. He then made them swear oaths and decided their fate with blood money. They said, 'Our wealth is not worth our oaths, nor are our oaths worth our wealth.' Umar said, 'That is how it should be.' Al-Shafi'i said, and others reported from Sufyan, who reported from Asim al-Ahwal, who reported from Al-Sha'bi, who said, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "You have shed your blood with your own oaths, and the blood of a Muslim should not be spilled."' Al-Shafi'i mentioned this in his response to Umar's statement, with which they disagree in this ruling. Then, it was said to him, 'The thabit (established ruling) is with you.' He said, 'No, it is only with Allah.'"  

أَنْ يُقَاسَ مَا بَيْنَ الْقَرْيَتَيْنِ فَإِلَى أَيِّهِمَا كَانَ أَقْرَبَ أَخْرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْهُمْ خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا حَتَّى يُوَافُوهُ مَكَّةَ فَأَدْخَلَهُمُ الْحَجَرَ فَأَحْلَفَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَضَى عَلَيْهِمْ بِالدِّيَةِ فَقَالُوا مَا وَقَتْ أَمْوَالُنَا أَيْمَانَنَا وَلَا أَيْمَانُنَا أَمْوَالَنَا قَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ كَذَلِكَ الْأَمْرُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَقَالَ غَيْرُ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ حَقَنْتُمْ بِأَيْمَانِكُمْ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَلَا يُطَلُّ دَمُ مُسْلِمٍ فَقَدْ ذَكَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي الْجَوَابِ عَنْهُ مَا يُخَالِفُونَ عُمَرَ ؓ فِي هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ مِنَ الْأَحْكَامِ ثُمَّ قِيلَ لَهُ الثَّابِتُ هُوَ عِنْدَكَ قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا  

[Machine] He said, when Umar performed his last Hajj which he had not performed before, a Muslim man was killed by the Banu Wadi'ah. Umar sent for them after completing his rituals and said to them, "Do you know who killed this man?" The people said, "No." So he extracted fifty elders from among them and took them to the valley of Haateem and made them swear by the Lord of this Sacred House, the Lord of this Sacred Land, and the Lord of this Sacred Month, that they did not kill him and did not know who killed him. So they swore this oath. After they had sworn, Umar said, "Pay a severe blood money equivalent to the teeth of camels or the dinars and dirhams, a blood money and a third." A man among them known as Sinan said, "O Amir al-Mu'minin, will you not compensate me from my wealth?" Umar said, "No, I have judged upon you by the judgement of your Prophet." So they took his blood money in dinars and a third. Ali bin Subh said, "It is left without narration." The scholar, may Allah have mercy upon him, said, "Its authentication to the Prophet ﷺ is weak and it has been abandoned in its narration by those who agreed upon abandoning it." Al-Shafi'i said, "The one with continuous narration should be given priority over the one with disconnected narration." Al-Ansariyyun are more knowledgeable about the hadith of their companion than others. Al-Shafi'i also said that it is narrated from Umar that he initially pointed the blame at them and then later retracted the oaths from the accusers.  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَمَّا حَجَّ عُمَرُ ؓ حَجَّتَهُ الْأَخِيرَةَ الَّتِي لَمْ يَحُجَّ غَيْرَهَا غُودِرَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَتِيلًا بِبَنِي وَادِعَةَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ عُمَرُ وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَمَا قَضَى النُّسُكَ وَقَالَ لَهُمْ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ لِهَذَا الْقَتِيلِ قَاتِلًا مِنْكُمْ؟ قَالَ الْقَوْمُ لَا فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُمْ خَمْسِينَ شَيْخًا فَأَدْخَلَهُمُ الْحَطِيمَ فَاسْتَحْلَفَهُمْ بِاللهِ رَبِّ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ الْحَرَامِ وَرَبِّ هَذَا الْبَلَدِ الْحَرَامِ وَرَبِّ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ إِنَّكُمْ لَمْ تَقْتُلُوهُ وَلَا عَلِمْتُمْ لَهُ قَاتِلًا فَحَلَفُوا بِذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا حَلَفُوا قَالَ أَدُّوا دِيَةً مُغَلَّظَةً فِي أَسْنَانِ الْإِبِلِ أَوْ مِنَ الدَّنَانِيرِ وَالدَّرَاهِمِ دِيَةً وَثُلُثًا فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ سِنَانُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَمَا تَجْزِينِي يَمِينِي مِنْ مَالِي؟ قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا قَضَيْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِقَضَاءِ نَبِيِّكُمْ فَأَخَذُوا دِيَتَهُ دَنَانِيرَ دِيَةً وَثُلُثَ دِيَةٍ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عُمَرُ بْنُ صُبْحٍ مَتْرُوكُ الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ رَفْعُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُنْكَرٌ وَهُوَ مَعَ انْقِطَاعِهِ فِي رِوَايَةِ مَنْ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَالْمُتَّصِلُ أَوْلَى أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ بِهِ مِنَ الْمُنْقَطِعِ وَالْأَنْصَارِيُّونَ أَعْلَمُ بِحَدِيثِ صَاحِبِهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَيُرْوَى عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ أَنَّهُ بَدَأَ الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ رَدَّ الْأَيْمَانَ عَلَى الْمُدَّعِينَ  

[Machine] Swear to others that you are to blame, but they refuse. So Umar ibn Al-Khattab decided to divide the blood money among the Saadiyyin, as it is narrated in the story of the murdered person, which can be found between two villages and is not valid.  

لِلْآخَرِينَ احْلِفُوا أَنْتُمْ فَأَبَوْا فَقَضَى عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ بِشَطْرِ الدِّيَةِ عَلَى السَّعْدِيِّينَ بَابُ مَا رُوِيَ فِي الْقَتِيلِ يُوجَدُ بَيْنَ قَرْيَتَيْنِ وَلَا يَصِحُّ  

[Machine] A dead body was found between two neighborhoods, so the Prophet ﷺ commanded that it should be measured to determine which neighborhood it was closer to. It was found to be closer by one cubit to one of the neighborhoods. Abu Sa'id said, "It is as if I can see the cubit of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." Then he distributed the blood money (diyah) among them, 16454. Abu Sa'd Al-Malini narrated to us that Abu Ahmad ibn 'Adi narrated to us that Al-Fadl ibn Al-Hubab narrated to us that Abu Al-Walid Al-Tayalisi narrated from Abu Israil Al-Mula'i in a similar way. Abu Israil narrated from 'Atiyyah Al-Awfi, and both of them cannot be used as evidence for their narration.  

أَنَّ قَتِيلًا وُجِدَ بَيْنَ حَيَّيْنِ فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يُقَاسَ إِلَى أَيِّهِمَا أَقْرَبُ فَوُجِدَ أَقْرَبَ إِلَى أَحَدِ الْحَيَّيْنِ بِشِبْرٍ قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى شِبْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَلْقَى دِيَتَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ 16454 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ أنبأ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ ثنا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْمُلَائِيِّ بِنَحْوِهِ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ أَبُو إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ الْعَوْفِيِّ وَكِلَاهُمَا لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِرِوَايَتِهِمَا