[Machine] "From a people who are enemies to you." [Quran 4:92] It means in a people who are enemies to you.  

{مِنْ قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَكُمْ} [النساء 92] يَعْنِي فِي قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَكُمْ  

[Machine] A group sought refuge in Kha'th'am. When the Muslims surrounded them, they held onto prostration as a form of protection. Some of them were killed, and the news reached the Prophet ﷺ . He said, "Grant them half the intelligence for their prayers." At that moment, he said, "Know that I am innocent of every Muslim with a polytheist." They asked, "Why, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Don't you see their fire?" Ash-Shafi'i said, "If this is authentic, then I believe the Prophet ﷺ gave willingly to those who gave from them and informed them that he is innocent of every Muslim with a polytheist. Allah knows best in a house of polytheism that there are no blood money or retaliation." The learned scholar (may Allah have mercy on him) said, and this narration is conveyed accordingly.  

لَجَأَ قَوْمٌ إِلَى خَثْعَمَ فَلَمَّا غَشِيَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ اسْتَعْصَمُوا بِالسُّجُودِ فَقَتَلُوا بَعْضَهُمْ فَبَلَغَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَعْطُوهُمْ نِصْفَ الْعَقْلِ لِصَلَاتِهِمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ أَلَا إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْ كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ مَعَ مُشْرِكٍ قَالُوا لِمَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ لَا تَرَايَا نَارَاهُمَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا ثَبَتَ فَأَحْسَبُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ أَعْطَى مَنْ أَعْطَى مِنْهُمْ مُتَطَوِّعًا وَأَعْلَمَهُمْ أَنَّهُ بَرِيءٌ مِنْ كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ مَعَ مُشْرِكٍ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ فِي دَارِ شِرْكٍ لِيُعْلِمَهُمْ أَنْ لَا دِيَاتِ لَهُمْ وَلَا قَوَدَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ الْفَقِيهُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا مَوْصُولًا  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent an expedition to Khath'am. Some people sought protection by having recourse to prostration, and were hastily killed. When the Prophet ﷺ heard that, he ordered half the blood-wit to be paid for them, saying: I am not responsible for any Muslim who stays among polytheists. They asked: Why, Messenger of Allah? He said: Their fires should not be visible to one another. Abu Dawud said: Hushaim, Ma'mar, Khalid b. al-Wasiti and a group of narrators have also narrated it, but did not mention Jarir. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2645)   

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً إِلَى خَثْعَمَ فَاعْتَصَمَ نَاسٌ بِالسُّجُودِ فَأَسْرَعَ فِيهُمُ الْقَتْلَ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِنِصْفِ الْعَقْلِ وَقَالَ أَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِنْ كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ مُقِيمٍ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَلِمَ؟ قَالَ لَا تَرَايَا نَارَاهُمَا  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent him to a people from the tribe of Khath'am, and they held onto prostration (during the prayer). So he killed them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ favored them with half the blood money and then he said, "I am free from every Muslim who allies with a polytheist." His statement "favored them" indicates that he gave it to them voluntarily.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى أُنَاسٍ مِنْ خَثْعَمَ فَاعْتَصَمُوا بِالسُّجُودِ فَقَتَلَهُمْ فَوَدَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِنِصْفِ الدِّيَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِنْ كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ مَعَ مُشْرِكٍ قَوْلُهُ فَوَدَاهُمْ أَظْهَرُ فِي أَنَّهُ أَعْطَاهُ مُتَطَوِّعًا  

[Machine] Not translating the answer.  

أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَأً} فِي جَدِّكَ عَيَّاشِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ وَفِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ أَخِي بَنِي مَعِيصٍ كَانَ يُؤْذِيهِمْ بِمَكَّةَ وَهُوَ عَلَى شِرْكِهِ فَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَسْلَمَ الْحَارِثُ وَلَمْ يَعْلَمُوا بِإِسْلَامِهِ فَأَقْبَلَ مُهَاجِرًا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِظَاهِرَةِ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ لَقِيَهُ عَيَّاشُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ وَلَا يَظُنُّ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ عَلَى شِرْكِهِ فَعَلَاهُ بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِيهِ {وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَأً} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ} [النساء 92] يَقُولُ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ وَلَا يَرُدُّ الدِّيَةِ إِلَى أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ {وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِيثَاقٌ} [النساء 92] يَقُولُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ {فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ} [النساء 92]  

[Machine] In His saying, "If he is from a people who are your enemies and he is a believer, then the freeing of a believing slave" [An-Nisa 92], it is said that a man used to come to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and would greet him, then he would return to his people who were polytheists. And when the Muslims made a mistake in a battle or a raid, this man would be affected. So, the man would free a slave. And in His saying, "And if he is from a people between whom and you there is a treaty, then the ransom (is) the freeing of a believing slave" [An-Nisa 92], it is said that the man is in a treaty and his people are people of a covenant, so he would hand over his ransom to them and free the one who had been captured. And in the explanation narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, it is mentioned in a similar manner. And if he is in a state of war and he is a believer and he kills him by mistake, then it is incumbent upon his killer to offer expiation and there is no ransom upon him.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ} [النساء 92] قَالَ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَأْتِي رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَيُسَلِّمُ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَيَكُونُ فِيهِمْ وَهُمْ مُشْرِكُونَ فَيُصِيبُهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ خَطَأً فِي سَرِيَّةٍ أَوْ غَزَاةٍ فَيُعْتِقُ الرَّجُلُ رَقَبَةً {وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِيثَاقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ} [النساء 92] قَالَ يَكُونُ الرَّجُلُ مُعَاهِدًا وَقَوْمُهُ أَهْلَ عَهْدٍ فَيُسَلَّمُ إِلَيْهِمْ دِيَتُهُ وَأَعْتَقَ الَّذِي أَصَابَهُ رَقَبَةً وَفِي تَفْسِيرِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ بِنَحْوٍ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَعْنَى قَالَ وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَقَتَلَهُ خَطَأً فَعَلَى قَاتِلِهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ وَلَا دِيَةَ عَلَيْهِ  

[Machine] A man may be a believer while his people are disbelievers, so he does not have to pay blood money (for killing someone from his people). However, he must free a believing slave (as atonement). But if they belong to a people who have a treaty with you, then a ransom is due from him (for killing someone from his people), a believing slave being freed (as well).  

يَكُونُ الرَّجُلُ مُؤْمِنًا وَيَكُونُ قَوْمُهُ كُفَّارًا فَلَا دِيَةَ لَهُ وَلَكِنْ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ {وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِيثَاقٌ} [النساء 92] قَالَ عَهْدٌ {فَدِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ} [النساء 92]