52. Sūrat al-Ṭūr

٥٢۔ سُورَةُ الطُّور

52.1 Deniers of truth will be put in the fire of hell. The reward for the righteous will be paradise in which they will show gratitude for God's graciousness.

٥٢۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ الطُّور

quran:52:1In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

By the mount  

By the Mount, that is, the ˹name of the˺ mountain on which God spoke to Moses,
القرآن:٥٢:١بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

وَالطُّورِ  

{والطور} أي الجبل الذي كلم الله عليه موسى.
quran:52:3

In parchment spread open  

on an unrolled parchment, that is, the Torah or the Qur’ān.
القرآن:٥٢:٣

فِي رَقٍّ مَنْشُورٍ  

{في رقٍّ منشور} أي التوراة أو القرآن.
quran:52:4

And ˹by˺ the frequented House  

By the ˹greatly˺ frequented House — which is ˹located˺ in the third, or the sixth or the seventh heaven, directly above the Ka‘ba; it is visited every day by seventy thousand angels, circumambulating it and performing prayers ˹around it˺, and never returning to it;
القرآن:٥٢:٤

وَالْبَيْتِ الْمَعْمُورِ  

{والبيت المعمور} هو في السماء الثالثة أو السادسة أو السابعة بحيال الكعبة يزوره كل يوم سبعون ألف ملك بالطواف والصلاة لا يعودون إليه أبدا.
quran:52:5

And ˹by˺ the heaven raised high  

and the raised roof, that is to say, the heaven,
القرآن:٥٢:٥

وَالسَّقْفِ الْمَرْفُوعِ  

{والسقف المرفوع} أي السماء.
quran:52:6

And ˹by˺ the sea filled ˹with fire˺,  

and the swarming sea: that is to say, the one that is filled:
القرآن:٥٢:٦

وَالْبَحْرِ الْمَسْجُورِ  

{والبحر المسجور} أي المملوء.
quran:52:7

Indeed, the punishment of your Lord will occur.  

lo! your Lord’s chastisement will assuredly take place, it will assuredly come down on those who deserve it;
القرآن:٥٢:٧

إِنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّكَ لَوَاقِعٌ  

{إن عذاب ربك لواقع} لنازل بمستحقه.
quran:52:8

Of it there is no preventer.  

there is none that can avert it, from such ˹a deserving one˺.
القرآن:٥٢:٨

مَا لَهُ مِنْ دَافِعٍ  

{ماله من دافع} عنه.
quran:52:9

On the Day the heaven will sway with circular motion  

On the day (yawma is operated by la-wāqi‘un, ‘will assuredly take place’) when the heaven will heave with a great heaving, ˹when it will˺ move and spin,
القرآن:٥٢:٩

يَوْمَ تَمُورُ السَّمَاءُ مَوْرًا  

{يوم} مفعول لواقع {تمور السماء مورا} تتحرك وتدور.
quran:52:10

And the mountains will pass on, departing -  

and the mountains move with a great motion, becoming scattered dust, this is the Day of Resurrection.
القرآن:٥٢:١٠

وَتَسِيرُ الْجِبَالُ سَيْرًا  

{وتسير الجبال سيرا} تصير هباء منثورا وذلك في يوم القيامة.
quran:52:11

Then woe, that Day, to the deniers,  

Woe then, terrible chastisement ˹will come˺, on that day to the deniers, of the messengers,
القرآن:٥٢:١١

فَوَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ  

{فويل} شدة عذاب {يومئذ للمكذبين} للرسل.
quran:52:12

Who are in ˹empty˺ discourse amusing themselves.  

those who play around in vain talk, ˹in˺ falsehood, that is to say, those who are busily engaged with their disbelief;
القرآن:٥٢:١٢

الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي خَوْضٍ يَلْعَبُونَ  

{الذين هم في خوض} باطل {يلعبون} أي يتشاغلون بكفرهم.
quran:52:13

The Day they are thrust toward the fire of Hell with a ˹violent˺ thrust, ˹its angels will say˺,  

the day when they will be thrust with a violent thrust into Hell, ˹when˺ they will be pushed violently (this ˹last clause, yawma yuda‘‘ūna ilā nāri jahannama da‘‘an˺ is a substitution for yawma tamūru, ‘the day when ˹the heaven˺ will heave’) and it will be said to them in reproach:
القرآن:٥٢:١٣

يَوْمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَىٰ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا  

{يوم يُدعُّون إلى نار جهنم دعّا} يدفعون بعنف بدل من يوم تمور، ويقال لهم تبكيتا.
quran:52:14

"This is the Fire which you used to deny.  

‘This is the Fire which you used to deny!
القرآن:٥٢:١٤

هَٰذِهِ النَّارُ الَّتِي كُنْتُمْ بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ  

{هذه النار التي كنتم بها تكذبون}.
quran:52:15

Then is this magic, or do you not see?  

Is this then sorcery, ˹this˺ chastisement that you see — as you were wont to say about the revelation, that it was sorcery — or is it that you do not see?
القرآن:٥٢:١٥

أَفَسِحْرٌ هَٰذَا أَمْ أَنْتُمْ لَا تُبْصِرُونَ  

{أفسحر هذا} العذاب الذي ترون كما كنتم تقولون في الوحي هذا سحر {أم أنتم لا تبصرون}.
quran:52:16

˹Enter to˺ burn therein; then be patient or impatient - it is all the same for you. You are only being recompensed ˹for˺ what you used to do."  

Burn in it! And whether you endure, it, or do not endure, your endurance and your anguish, will be the same for you, because your endurance will be of no use to you. You are only being requited for what you used to do’, that is to say, ˹only˺ the requital for it.
القرآن:٥٢:١٦

اصْلَوْهَا فَاصْبِرُوا أَوْ لَا تَصْبِرُوا سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْكُمْ ۖ إِنَّمَا تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{اصلوْها فاصبروا} عليها {أو لا تصبروا} صبركم وجزعكم {سواء عليكم} لأن صبركم لا ينفعكم {إنما تجزون ما كنتم تعملون} أي جزاءه.
quran:52:17

Indeed, the righteous will be in gardens and pleasure,  

Truly the God-fearing will be amid gardens and bliss,
القرآن:٥٢:١٧

إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّاتٍ وَنَعِيمٍ  

{إن المتقين في جنات ونعيم}.
quran:52:18

Enjoying what their Lord has given them, and their Lord protected them from the punishment of Hellfire.  

rejoicing, delighting, in what (bi-mā relates to the verbal action) their Lord has given them, and ˹that˺ their Lord has shielded them from the chastisement of Hell-fire (wa-waqāhum rabbuhum ‘adhāba’l-jahīmi is a supplement to ātāhum, ‘˹what He˺ has given them’, in other words, ˹rejoicing˺ in their having been given ˹this reward˺ and shielded ˹from Hell-fire˺).
القرآن:٥٢:١٨

فَاكِهِينَ بِمَا آتَاهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ وَوَقَاهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ  

{فاكهين} متلذذين {بما} مصدرية {آتاهم} أعطاهم {ربهم ووقاهم ربهم عذاب الجحيم} عطفا على آتاهم، أي بإتيانهم ووقايتهم ويقال لهم.
quran:52:19

˹They will be told˺, "Eat and drink in satisfaction for what you used to do."  

And it will said to them: ‘Eat and drink in full enjoyment (hanī’an is a circumstantial qualifier, that is to say, muhanna’īna) ˹as a reward˺ for what (bi-mā: the bi- is causative) you used to do’.
القرآن:٥٢:١٩

كُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا هَنِيئًا بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{كلوا واشربوا هنيئا} حال أي: مهنئين {بما} الباء سببية {كنتم تعملون}.
quran:52:20

They will be reclining on thrones lined up, and We will marry them to fair women with large, ˹beautiful˺ eyes.  

˹They will be˺ reclining (muttaki’īna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the concealed subject of God’s words fī jannātin, ‘amid gardens’) on ranged couches, ˹arranged˺ one next to the other, and We will wed them (zawwajnāhum is a supplement to jannātin, ‘gardens’, meaning ‘We will couple them’) to beautiful houris, of wide and beautiful eyes.
القرآن:٥٢:٢٠

مُتَّكِئِينَ عَلَىٰ سُرُرٍ مَصْفُوفَةٍ ۖ وَزَوَّجْنَاهُمْ بِحُورٍ عِينٍ  

(متكئين) حال من الضمير المستكن في قوله "" في جنات "" (على سرر مصفوفة) بعضها إلى جنب بعض (وزوجناهم) عطف على جنات، أي قرناهم (بحور عين) عظام الأعين حسانها.
quran:52:21

And those who believed and whose descendants followed them in faith - We will join with them their descendants, and We will not deprive them of anything of their deeds. Every person, for what he earned, is retained.  

And those who believed (wa’lladhīna āmanū, the subject) and whom We made to be followed (waatba‘nāhum: a variant reading has wa’ttaba‘athum, ‘and there followed them’, as a supplement to āmanū, ‘who believed’) by their descendants (dhurrīyātihim: a variant reading ˹for this plural˺ has dhurrīyatuhum), young and old, in faith, on the part of the older ones and on the part of the parents in ˹their˺ young ones (the predicate ˹of the subject above˺ is ˹the following, alhaqnā bihim), We will make their, mentioned, descendants join them, in Paradise, so that they are in the same degree ˹of reward˺, even though they might not have performed the same ˹meritorious˺ deeds as them ˹to deserve this equal status˺, a way of honouring the parents by having their children join them ˹again˺; and We will not deprive them (read alatnāhum or alitnāhum), ˹We will not˺ diminish ˹them˺, of anything (min shay’in: min is extra) of their deeds, in order to add it to the deeds of their children. Every man is subject to what he has earned, of good or evil deeds, and will be requited for evil and rewarded for good.
القرآن:٥٢:٢١

وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَاتَّبَعَتْهُمْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُمْ بِإِيمَانٍ أَلْحَقْنَا بِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَمَا أَلَتْنَاهُمْ مِنْ عَمَلِهِمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ ۚ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ بِمَا كَسَبَ رَهِينٌ  

{والذين آمنوا} مبتدأ {أتبعناهم} وفي قراءة واتبعتهم معطوف على آمنوا {ذرياتهم} وفي قراءة ذريتهم الصغار والكبار {بإيمان} من الكبار ومن أولادهم الصغار والخبر {ألحقنا بهم ذرياتهم} المذكورين في الجنة فيكونون في درجتهم وإن لم يعملوا تكرمة للآباء باجتماع الأولاد إليهم {وما ألتناهم} بفتح اللام وكسرها نقصناهم {من عملهم من} زائدة {شيء} يزاد في عمل الأولاد {كل امرئ بما كسب} من عمل خير أو شر {رهين} مرهون يؤاخذ بالشر ويجازى بالخير.
quran:52:22

And We will provide them with fruit and meat from whatever they desire.  

And We will supply them, We will enhance for them ˹their provision˺, from time to time, with fruits and meat, such as they desire, even if they do not request it openly.
القرآن:٥٢:٢٢

وَأَمْدَدْنَاهُمْ بِفَاكِهَةٍ وَلَحْمٍ مِمَّا يَشْتَهُونَ  

{وأمددناهم} زدناهم في وقت بعد وقت {بفاكهة ولحم ما يشتهون} وإن لم يصرحوا بطلبه.
quran:52:23

They will exchange with one another a cup ˹of wine˺ wherein ˹results˺ no ill speech or commission of sin.  

They will pass from one to another therein, in Paradise, a cup, ˹of˺ wine, wherein is neither vain talk, which might come about between them as a result of drinking it, nor cause for sin, thereby, that might befall them — in contrast to ˹the case with˺ the wine of this world.
القرآن:٥٢:٢٣

يَتَنَازَعُونَ فِيهَا كَأْسًا لَا لَغْوٌ فِيهَا وَلَا تَأْثِيمٌ  

{يتنازعون} يتعاطون بينهم {فيها} أي الجنة {كأسا} خمرا {لا لغوٌ فيها} أي بسبب شربها يقع بينهم {ولا تأثيم} به يلحقهم بخلاف خمر الدنيا.
quran:52:24

There will circulate among them ˹servant˺ boys ˹especially˺ for them, as if they were pearls well-protected.  

And there will circulate from all around them, for service, youths, delicate ˹in demeanour˺, of their own, as if, in terms of their beauty and immaculateness, they were hidden pearls, preserved inside shells, because when it ˹a pearl˺ is inside it, it is better than one that is not.
القرآن:٥٢:٢٤

وَيَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِمْ غِلْمَانٌ لَهُمْ كَأَنَّهُمْ لُؤْلُؤٌ مَكْنُونٌ  

{ويطوف عليهم} للخدمة {غلمان} أرقاء {لهم كأنهم} حسنا ولطافة {لؤلؤ مكنون} مصون في الصدف لأنه فيها أحسن منه في غيرها.
quran:52:25

And they will approach one another, inquiring of each other.  

And some among them will turn to one another, questioning each other — they ask one another about how they were in the past and what they have now attained, in their delight and acknowledgement of the grace ˹of God to them˺.
القرآن:٥٢:٢٥

وَأَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ  

{وأقبل بعضهم على بعض يتساءلون} يسأل بعضهم بعضا عما كانوا عليه وما وصلوا إليه تلذذا واعترافا بالنعمة.
quran:52:26

They will say, "Indeed, we were previously among our people fearful ˹of displeasing Allah˺.  

They say, as an intimation of the reason for this attainment: ‘Truly, before, amid our families, in the world, we used to be ever anxious, afraid of God’s chastisement;
القرآن:٥٢:٢٦

قَالُوا إِنَّا كُنَّا قَبْلُ فِي أَهْلِنَا مُشْفِقِينَ  

{قالوا} إيماء إلى علة الوصول {إنا كنا قبل في أهلنا} في الدنيا {مشفقين} خائفين من عذاب الله.
quran:52:27

So Allah conferred favor upon us and protected us from the punishment of the Scorching Fire.  

but God showed us favour, through ˹His˺ forgiveness, and shielded us from the piercing chastisement (al620 samūm), the Fire, so called because it penetrates the pores (al-masāmm); and they say, also by way of intimation:
القرآن:٥٢:٢٧

فَمَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا وَوَقَانَا عَذَابَ السَّمُومِ  

{فمنّ الله علينا} بالمغفرة {ووقانا عذاب السموم} النار لدخولها في المسام وقالوا إيماء أيضا.
quran:52:28

Indeed, we used to supplicate Him before. Indeed, it is He who is the Beneficent, the Merciful."  

indeed before, that is, in the world, we used to call on Him, worship Him, affirming His Oneness. Verily He is (read innahu as the beginning of a new ˹independent˺ sentence, even if it introduces the reason in terms of its import; or read annahu as a reason in terms of the ˹syntactical˺ order of the words) the Benign, the Beneficent, the True to His promise, the Merciful, One of tremendous mercy.
القرآن:٥٢:٢٨

إِنَّا كُنَّا مِنْ قَبْلُ نَدْعُوهُ ۖ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْبَرُّ الرَّحِيمُ  

{إنا كنا من قبل} أي في الدنيا {ندعوه} نعبده موحدين {إنه} بالكسر استئنافا وإن كان تعليلا معنى وبالفتح تعليلا لفظا {هو البر} المحسن الصادق في وعده {الرحيم} العظيم الرحمة.