52. Sūrat al-Ṭūr

٥٢۔ سُورَةُ الطُّور

52.2 The mission of the Prophet & the response to the disbelievers' arguments.

٥٢۔٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ الطُّور

quran:52:29

So remind ˹O Muhammad˺, for you are not, by the favor of your Lord, a soothsayer or a madman.  

So remind, persist in reminding the idolaters and do not desist ˹from this˺ even if they say to you that you are a soothsayer or a madman. For by the grace of your Lord, by His bestowal of grace on you, you are neither soothsayer (bi-kāhinin is the predicate of mā) nor madman (wa-lā majnūnin, a supplement to it).
القرآن:٥٢:٢٩

فَذَكِّرْ فَمَا أَنْتَ بِنِعْمَتِ رَبِّكَ بِكَاهِنٍ وَلَا مَجْنُونٍ  

{فذكِّر} دم على تذكير المشركين ولا ترجع عنه لقولهم لك كاهن مجنون {فما أنت بنعمة ربك} بإنعامه عليك {بكاهن} خبر ما {ولا مجنون} معطوف عليه.
quran:52:30

Or do they say ˹of you˺, "A poet for whom we await a misfortune of time?"  

Or (am means bal) do they say, that he is: ‘A poet, for whom we may await the accidents of fate?’, the vicissitudes of time, so that he will just die like other poets.
القرآن:٥٢:٣٠

أَمْ يَقُولُونَ شَاعِرٌ نَتَرَبَّصُ بِهِ رَيْبَ الْمَنُونِ  

{أم} بل {يقولون} هو {شاعر نتربص به ريْب المنون} حوادث الدهر فيهلك كغيره من الشعراء.
quran:52:31

Say, "Wait, for indeed I am, with you, among the waiters."  

Say: ‘Await!, my death. For I too will be with you awaiting’, your death. They were then chastised with ˹death by˺ the sword on the day of Badr.
القرآن:٥٢:٣١

قُلْ تَرَبَّصُوا فَإِنِّي مَعَكُمْ مِنَ الْمُتَرَبِّصِينَ  

{قل تربصوا} هلاكي {فإني معكم من المتربصين} هلاككم فعذبوا بالسيف يوم بدر، والتربص الانتظار.
quran:52:32

Or do their minds command them to ˹say˺ this, or are they a transgressing people?  

Or do their faculties of understanding prompt them to ˹say˺ this?, their saying to him: ˹you are either˺ a sorcerer, a poet, a soothsayer or a madman, in other words, they do not ˹in reality˺ prompt them to ˹say˺ this. Or (am, ˹in effect˺ means bal, ‘rather’) are they a rebellious lot?, because of their obstinacy.
القرآن:٥٢:٣٢

أَمْ تَأْمُرُهُمْ أَحْلَامُهُمْ بِهَٰذَا ۚ أَمْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ طَاغُونَ  

{أم تأمرهم أحلامهم} عقولهم {بهذا} قولهم له: ساحر كاهن مجنون، أي لا تأمرهم بذلك {أم} بل {هم قوم طاغون} بعنادهم.
quran:52:33

Or do they say, "He has made it up"? Rather, they do not believe.  

Or do they say, ‘He has improvised it?’, he has concocted the Qur’ān. He has not concocted it; Rather they do not believe, out of arrogance. If they ˹continue to˺ say that he has concocted it:
القرآن:٥٢:٣٣

أَمْ يَقُولُونَ تَقَوَّلَهُ ۚ بَلْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{أم يقولون تقوَّلهُ} اختلق القرآن، لم يختلقه {بل لا يؤمنون} استكبارا، فإن قالوا اختلقه.
quran:52:34

Then let them produce a statement like it, if they should be truthful.  

Then let them bring a, concocted, discourse like it, if they are truthful, in what they say.
القرآن:٥٢:٣٤

فَلْيَأْتُوا بِحَدِيثٍ مِثْلِهِ إِنْ كَانُوا صَادِقِينَ  

{فليأتوا بحديث} مختلق {مثله إن كانوا صادقين} في قولهم.
quran:52:35

Or were they created by nothing, or were they the creators ˹of themselves˺?  

Or were they created out of nothing?, ˹that is˺ without a Creator. Or are they the creators?, of themselves. It makes no sense for a created thing to have no creator, nor can a thing that will cease to existent ˹have the power to˺ create. There must be a Creator of them, and that is God, the One, so why do they not affirm His Oneness and believe in His Messenger and His Book?
القرآن:٥٢:٣٥

أَمْ خُلِقُوا مِنْ غَيْرِ شَيْءٍ أَمْ هُمُ الْخَالِقُونَ  

{أم خُلقوا من غير شيء} من غير خالق {أم هم الخالقون} أنفسهم ولا يعقل مخلوق بغير خالق ولا معدوم يخلق فلابد من خالق هو الله الواحد فلم لا يوحدونه ويؤمنون برسوله وكتابه.
quran:52:36

Or did they create the heavens and the earth? Rather, they are not certain.  

Or did they create the heavens and the earth? Nor can any but God, the Creator, have created them, so why do they not worship Him? Nay, but they are not certain, of Him, for otherwise they would have believed in His Prophet.
القرآن:٥٢:٣٦

أَمْ خَلَقُوا السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ ۚ بَلْ لَا يُوقِنُونَ  

{أم خلقوا السماوات والأرض} ولا يقدر على خلقهما إلا الله الخالق فلم لا يعبدونه {بل لا يوقنون} به وإلا لآمنوا بنبيه.
quran:52:37

Or have they the depositories ˹containing the provision˺ of your Lord? Or are they the controllers ˹of them˺?  

Or do they possess the treasuries of your Lord?, in the way of prophethood, provision and other matters, so that they are able to assign what they will exclusively to whom they will? Or are they the ones in control?, ˹or˺ are they the mighty ones who hold sway? (the verb ˹from musaytirūna˺ is saytara, similar ˹in root form˺ to baytara, ‘to practice veterinary medicine’, or bayqara, ‘to corrupt’, ‘to ruin’).
القرآن:٥٢:٣٧

أَمْ عِنْدَهُمْ خَزَائِنُ رَبِّكَ أَمْ هُمُ الْمُصَيْطِرُونَ  

{أم عندهم خزائن ربك} من النبوة والرزق وغيرهما فيخصوا من شاءُوا بما شاءُوا {أم هم المسيطرون} المتسلطون الجبارون وفعله سيطر ومثله بيطر وبيقر.
quran:52:38

Or have they a stairway ˹into the heaven˺ upon which they listen? Then let their listener produce a clear authority.  

Or do they have a ladder, a means of ascension into the heaven, whereby they eavesdrop?, that is, at the top of which ˹they listen in˺, on the conversations of the angels, so that they are then able to dispute with the Prophet, as they claim. If that is what they assert: Then let their eavesdropper, ˹let˺ the one claiming to be able to listen ˹in on their conversations˺ on top of this ˹ladder˺, produce a manifest warrant, a plain and evident proof. Now, on account of the similarity of this assertion to their assertion that the angels are the daughters of God, He, exalted be He, says:
القرآن:٥٢:٣٨

أَمْ لَهُمْ سُلَّمٌ يَسْتَمِعُونَ فِيهِ ۖ فَلْيَأْتِ مُسْتَمِعُهُمْ بِسُلْطَانٍ مُبِينٍ  

{أم لهم سلم} مرقى إلى السماء {يستمعون فيه} أي عليه كلام الملائكة حتى يمكنهم منازعة النبي بزعمهم إن ادعوا ذلك {فليأت مبين} بحجة مستمعهم مدعي الاستماع عليه {بسلطان مبين} بينة واضحة ولشبه هذا الزعم بزعمهم أن الملائكة بنات الله قال تعالى.
quran:52:39

Or has He daughters while you have sons?  

Or does He have daughters, as you claim, whereas you have sons? Exalted be God above what you claim!
القرآن:٥٢:٣٩

أَمْ لَهُ الْبَنَاتُ وَلَكُمُ الْبَنُونَ  

{أم له البنات} بزعمكم {ولكم البنون} تعالى الله عما زعمتموه.
quran:52:40

Or do you, ˹O Muhammad˺, ask of them a payment, so they are by debt burdened down?  

Or are you asking them for a fee, a wage in return for what you have brought them in the way of religion, so that they are weighed down with debt?, ˹with˺ the liability for this, so that they are unable to submit ˹to God˺.
القرآن:٥٢:٤٠

أَمْ تَسْأَلُهُمْ أَجْرًا فَهُمْ مِنْ مَغْرَمٍ مُثْقَلُونَ  

{أم تسألهم أجرا} على ما جئتهم به من الدين {فهم من مغرم} غرم ذلك {مثقلون} فلا يسلمون.
quran:52:41

Or have they ˹knowledge of˺ the unseen, so they write ˹it˺ down?  

Or do they have ˹access to˺ the Unseen, that is, the knowledge of it, so that they can write it down?, and are hence able to dispute with the Prophet (s) regarding the Resurrection and the matters relating to the Hereafter, as they claim.
القرآن:٥٢:٤١

أَمْ عِنْدَهُمُ الْغَيْبُ فَهُمْ يَكْتُبُونَ  

{أم عندهم الغيب} أي علمه {فهم يكتبون} ذلك حتى يمكنهم منازعة النبي ﷺ في البعث وأمور الآخرة بزعمهم.
quran:52:42

Or do they intend a plan? But those who disbelieve - they are the object of a plan.  

Or do they desire to outmanoeuvre?, you and have you killed, at the Assembly Council. But those who disbelieve, they are the outmanoeuvred ones!, the vanquished and the ones destroyed. God preserved him from them and then destroyed them at Badr.
القرآن:٥٢:٤٢

أَمْ يُرِيدُونَ كَيْدًا ۖ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا هُمُ الْمَكِيدُونَ  

{أم يريدون كيدا} بك ليهلكوك في دار الندوة {فالذين كفروا هم المكيدون} المغلوبون المهلكون فحفظه الله منهم ثم أهلكهم ببدر.
quran:52:43

Or have they a deity other than Allah? Exalted is Allah above whatever they associate with Him.  

Or do they have a god other than God? Glory be to God ˹exalted is He˺ above any partners that they may ascribe!, to Him in the way of gods (the succession of interrogatives with am, ‘or’, are intended to express censure and rebuke).
القرآن:٥٢:٤٣

أَمْ لَهُمْ إِلَٰهٌ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ ۚ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ  

{أم لهم إله غير الله سبحان الله عما يشركون} به من الآلهة والاستفهام بأم في مواضعها للتقبيح والتوبيخ.
quran:52:44

And if they were to see a fragment from the sky falling, they would say, "˹It is merely˺ clouds heaped up."  

And if they were to see a fragment, a portion, of the heaven falling, on them — as they say, Then make fragments of the heaven fall upon us ˹Q. 26:187˺, as a chastisement for them — they would say, this is: ‘A heap of clouds!’, piled on top of one another, that will bring us water; and so they do not believe.
القرآن:٥٢:٤٤

وَإِنْ يَرَوْا كِسْفًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ سَاقِطًا يَقُولُوا سَحَابٌ مَرْكُومٌ  

(وإن يروا كسفا) بعضا (من السماء ساقطا) عليهم كما قالوا: "" فأسقط علينا كسفا من السماء "" أي تعذيبا لهم (يقولوا) هذا (سحاب مركوم) متراكب نروى به ولا يؤمنون.
quran:52:45

So leave them until they meet their Day in which they will be struck insensible -  

So leave them until they encounter that day of theirs in which they will be thunderstruck, ˹in which˺ they will die;
القرآن:٥٢:٤٥

فَذَرْهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يُلَاقُوا يَوْمَهُمُ الَّذِي فِيهِ يُصْعَقُونَ  

{فذرهم حتى يلاقوا يومهم الذي فيه يصعقون} يموتون.
quran:52:46

The Day their plan will not avail them at all, nor will they be helped.  

the day when their guile will avail them nothing (yawma lā yughnī is a substitution for yawmahumu, ‘that day of theirs’) and they will not be helped, they will ˹not˺ be protected from the chastisement in the Hereafter.
القرآن:٥٢:٤٦

يَوْمَ لَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُمْ كَيْدُهُمْ شَيْئًا وَلَا هُمْ يُنْصَرُونَ  

{يوم لا يغني} بدل من يومهم {عنهم كيدهم شيئا ولا هم يُنصرون} يمنعون من العذاب في الآخرة.
quran:52:47

And indeed, for those who have wronged is a punishment before that, but most of them do not know.  

And assuredly for those who do wrong, by their ˹persistence in˺ disbelief, there is a chastisement beyond that, in this world, before their death — thus they were punished with famine and drought for seven years, and with being killed on the day of Badr; but most of them do not know, that the chastisement will befall them.
القرآن:٥٢:٤٧

وَإِنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا عَذَابًا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{وإنَّ للذين ظلموا} بكفرهم {عذابا دون ذلك} في الدنيا قبل موتهم فعذبوا بالجوع والقحط سبع سنين وبالقتل يوم بدر {ولكن أكثرهم لا يعلمون} أن العذاب ينزل بهم.
quran:52:48

And be patient, ˹O Muhammad˺, for the decision of your Lord, for indeed, you are in Our eyes. And exalt ˹Allah˺ with praise of your Lord when you arise.  

And submit patiently to the judgement of your Lord, that they be reprieved, and do not be grieved, for surely you fare before Our eyes, ˹you are˺ in Our sight, We see you and preserve you. And glorify, continuously, with praise of your Lord, that is to say, say subhāna’Llāhi wa bi-hamdihi, ‘Glory, and praise, be to God!’, when you rise, from your sleeping-place or your sitting-place,
القرآن:٥٢:٤٨

وَاصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ فَإِنَّكَ بِأَعْيُنِنَا ۖ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ  

{واصبر لحكم ربك} بإمهالهم ولا يضق صدرك {فإنك بأعيننا} بمرأى منا نراك ونحفظك {وسبح} متلبسا {بحمد ربك} أي قل: سبحان الله وبحمده {حين تقوم} من منامك أو من مجلسك.
quran:52:49

And in a part of the night exalt Him and after ˹the setting of˺ the stars.  

and glorify Him at night — also in actual ˹utterance˺ — and at the receding of the stars (idbāra is a verbal noun), that is to say, also glorify Him after these have set; or ˹it means˺ in the case of the former, perform the two evening prayers, and in the case of the latter, the two units (rak‘a) of the dawn prayer, or — it is said — the morning prayer. Meccan, except for verse 32, which is Medinese; it consists of 62 verses.
القرآن:٥٢:٤٩

وَمِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْهُ وَإِدْبَارَ النُّجُومِ  

{ومن الليل فسبحه} حقيقة أيضا {وإدبار النجوم} مصدر، أي عقب غروبها سبحه أيضا، أو صلّ في الأول العشاءين، وفي الثاني الفجر وقيل الصبح.