43. Sūrat al-Zukhruf

٤٣۔ سُورَةُ الزُّخْرُف

Qurʾān > Chapter 43 > Section 7
القرآن > كتاب ٤٣ > باب ٧

43.7 The Prophet Jesus was no more than a mortal whom God favored and made him an example for the Children of Israel.

٤٣۔٧ مقطع في سُورَةُ الزُّخْرُف

quran:43:57 –

And when the son of Mary was presented as an example, immediately your people laughed aloud.  

And when the son of Mary is cited as an example — after God’s ˹following˺ words were revealed: ‘Truly you and what you worship besides God shall be fuel for Hell’ ˹Q. 21:98˺ and the idolaters said, ‘We are satisfied that our gods be together with Jesus ˹in Hell˺, for he too was worshipped besides God’ — behold! your people, that is, the idolaters, laugh at it, at this example — they clamour with joy at what they hear.
القرآن:٤٣:٥٧ –

وَلَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ  

(ولما ضرب) جعل (ابن مريم مثلا) حين نزل قوله تعالى "" إنكم وما تعبدون من دون الله حصب جهنم "" فقال المشركون: رضينا أن تكون آلهتنا مع عيسى لأنه عبد من دون الله (إذا قومك) أي المشركون (منه) من المثل (يصدون) يضحكون فرحاً بما سمعوا.
quran:43:58 –

And they said, "Are your gods better, or is he?" They did not present the comparison except for ˹mere˺ argument. But, ˹in fact˺, they are a people prone to dispute.  

And they say, ‘Are our gods better or he?’, Jesus. We are satisfied that our gods be ˹in the same predicament˺ with him. They only cite this, that is, the example, to you for the sake of contention, ˹merely˺ arguing with falsehood, for they know that ˹the particle˺ mā ˹of wa-mā ta‘budūna, ‘and what you worship’˺ refers ˹only˺ to non-rational beings and cannot therefore include Jesus, peace be upon him. Nay, but they are a contentious lot, an extremely disputatious folk.
القرآن:٤٣:٥٨ –

وَقَالُوا أَآلِهَتُنَا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ ۚ مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًا ۚ بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ  

{وقالوا أألهتنا خير أم هو} أي عيسى فنرضى أن تكون آلهتنا معه {ما ضربوه} أي المثل {لك إلا جدلا} خصومة بالباطل لعلمهم أن ما لغير العاقل فلا يتناول عيسى عليه السلام {بل هم قوم خصمون} شديدو الخصومة.
quran:43:59 –

Jesus was not but a servant upon whom We bestowed favor, and We made him an example for the Children of Israel.  

He, Jesus, is only a servant ˹of Ours˺ on whom We bestowed favour, through prophethood, and We made him, by his ˹coming into˺ being without a father, an exemplar for the Children of Israel, that is to say, like an example because of the wondrousness of his case, one from which one is able to infer God’s power, exalted be He, to do whatever He will.
القرآن:٤٣:٥٩ –

إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَلْنَاهُ مَثَلًا لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ  

{إن} ما {هو} عيسى {إلا عبد أنعمنا عليه} بالنبوة {وجعلناه} بوجوده من غير أب {مثلا لبني إسرائيل} أي كالمثل لغرابته يستدل به على قدرة الله تعالى على ما يشاء.
quran:43:60 –

And if We willed, We could have made ˹instead˺ of you angels succeeding ˹one another˺ on the earth.  

And had We willed, We would have appointed among you, instead of you, angels to be ˹your˺ successors in the earth, by Our destroying you.
القرآن:٤٣:٦٠ –

وَلَوْ نَشَاءُ لَجَعَلْنَا مِنْكُمْ مَلَائِكَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ يَخْلُفُونَ  

{ولو نشاء لجعلنا منكم} بدلكم {ملائكة في الأرض يخلفون} بأن نهلككم.
quran:43:61 –

And indeed, Jesus will be ˹a sign for˺ knowledge of the Hour, so be not in doubt of it, and follow Me. This is a straight path.  

And indeed he, that is, Jesus, is a portent of the Hour — ˹the arrival of˺ it is known by the sending down of him — so do not doubt it (tamtarunna: the indicative nūn has been omitted for apocopation together with the wāw of the ˹third˺ person ˹plural˺ on account of two unvowelled consonants coming together) but, say to them: ‘Follow me, in the affirmation of ˹God’s˺ Oneness. This, to which I command you, is a straight path’.
القرآن:٤٣:٦١ –

وَإِنَّهُ لَعِلْمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ فَلَا تَمْتَرُنَّ بِهَا وَاتَّبِعُونِ ۚ هَٰذَا صِرَاطٌ مُسْتَقِيمٌ  

{وإنه} أي عيسى {لعلم للساعة} تعلم بنزوله {فلا تمترن بها} أي تشكن فيها، حذف منه نون الرفع للجزم، وواو الضمير لالتقاء الساكنين {و} قل لهم {اتبعون} على التوحيد {هذا} الذي آمركم به {صراط} طريق {مستقيم}.
quran:43:62 –

And never let Satan avert you. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.  

And do not let Satan bar you, ˹do not let him˺ turn you away from God’s religion. Indeed he is a manifest enemy of yours, one whose enmity is manifest.
القرآن:٤٣:٦٢ –

وَلَا يَصُدَّنَّكُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ ۖ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ  

{ولا يصدنكم} يصرفنكم عن دين الله {الشيطان إنه لكم عدو مبين} بيِّن العداوة.
quran:43:63 –

And when Jesus brought clear proofs, he said, "I have come to you with wisdom and to make clear to you some of that over which you differ, so fear Allah and obey me.  

And when Jesus came with the clear signs, the miracles and the prescriptions ˹of the Law˺, he said, ‘Verily I have brought you wisdom, prophethood and the prescriptions of the Gospel, and ˹I have come˺ to make clear to you some of what you are at variance over, in the way of the rulings of the Torah for what concerns religion and otherwise — and he ˹indeed˺ made clear to them the matters of religion. So fear God and obey me.
القرآن:٤٣:٦٣ –

وَلَمَّا جَاءَ عِيسَىٰ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ قَالَ قَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَلِأُبَيِّنَ لَكُمْ بَعْضَ الَّذِي تَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ ۖ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ  

{ولما جاء عيسى بالبينات} بالمعجزات والشرائع {قال قد جئتكم بالحكمة} بالنبوة وشرائع الإنجيل {ولأبيِّن لكم بعض الذي تختلفون فيه} من أحكام التوراة من أمر الدين وغيره فبيَّن لهم أمر الدين {فاتقوا الله وأطيعون}.
quran:43:64 –

Indeed, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him. This is a straight path."  

Assuredly God is my Lord and your Lord; so worship Him — that is a straight path’.
القرآن:٤٣:٦٤ –

إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ رَبِّي وَرَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ ۚ هَٰذَا صِرَاطٌ مُسْتَقِيمٌ  

{إن الله هو ربي وربكم فاعبدوه هذا صراط} طريق {مستقيم}.
quran:43:65 –

But the denominations from among them differed ˹and separated˺, so woe to those who have wronged from the punishment of a painful Day.  

But the factions differed among themselves, regarding ˹the status of˺ Jesus: was he God, or the son of God, or the third of Three ˹deities˺? So woe (waylun is a term implying chastisement) to those who do wrong, ˹those˺ who blaspheme in what they say about Jesus, from the chastisement of a painful day.
القرآن:٤٣:٦٥ –

فَاخْتَلَفَ الْأَحْزَابُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ ۖ فَوَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْ عَذَابِ يَوْمٍ أَلِيمٍ  

{فاختلف الأحزاب من بينهم} في عيسى أهو الله أو ابن الله أو ثالث ثلاثة {فويلٌ} كلمة عذاب {للذين ظلموا} كفروا بما قالوه في عيسى {من عذاب يوم أليم} مؤلم.
quran:43:66 –

Are they waiting except for the Hour to come upon them suddenly while they perceive not?  

Are they, that is, the Meccan disbelievers, awaiting anything, that is to say — they are ˹in fact˺ awaiting nothing — but that Hour should come upon them (an ta’tiyahum substitutes for al-sā‘ata, ‘the Hour’) suddenly, unexpectedly, while they are unaware?, of the time of its coming beforehand.
القرآن:٤٣:٦٦ –

هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا السَّاعَةَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُمْ بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ  

{هل ينظرون} أي كفار مكة، أي ما ينتظرون {إلا الساعة أن تأتيهم} بدل من الساعة {بغتةً} فجأة {وهم لا يشعرون} بوقت مجيئها قبله.
quran:43:67 –

Close friends, that Day, will be enemies to each other, except for the righteous  

Friends, ˹who shared˺ in acts of disobedience in this world, will, on that day, the Day of Resurrection (yawma’idhin is semantically connected to His ˹following˺ words) be foes of one another, except for the Godfearing, those who have love for one another through their ˹commitment to˺ obedience of God — such will be friends ˹on that day˺ and it will be said to them:
القرآن:٤٣:٦٧ –

الْأَخِلَّاءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ إِلَّا الْمُتَّقِينَ  

{الأخلاءُ} على المعصية في الدنيا {يومئذ} يوم القيامة متعلق بقوله {بعضهم لبعض عدو إلا المتقين} المتحابين في الله على طاعته فإنهم أصدقاء ويقال لهم: