43. Sūrat al-Zukhruf

٤٣۔ سُورَةُ الزُّخْرُف

Qurʾān > Chapter 43 > Section 3
القرآن > كتاب ٤٣ > باب ٣

43.3 Some polytheists regard the angels to be female divinities, being the daughters of God.

٤٣۔٣ مقطع في سُورَةُ الزُّخْرُف

quran:43:16 –

Or has He taken, out of what He has created, daughters and chosen you for ˹having˺ sons?  

Or (am has the significance of the hamza of denial; the ‘saying’ is implied, in other words, a-taqūlūna, ‘˹or˺ do you say that …’) He has adopted, from all that He has created, daughters, for Himself, and preferred you, privileged you, with sons? — that which is the necessary inference from what you claim and which by itself is an abomination.
القرآن:٤٣:١٦ –

أَمِ اتَّخَذَ مِمَّا يَخْلُقُ بَنَاتٍ وَأَصْفَاكُمْ بِالْبَنِينَ  

{أم} بمعنى همزة الإنكار والقول مقدر، أي أتقولون {اتخذ مما يخلق بنات} لنفسه {وأصفاكم} أخلصكم {بالبنين} اللازم من قولكم السابق فهو من جملة المنكر.
quran:43:17 –

And when one of them is given good tidings of that which he attributes to the Most Merciful in comparison, his face becomes dark, and he suppresses grief.  

And when one of them is given the good tidings of that which he has attributed to the Compassionate One, ˹of that which˺ he has likened to Him by the ascription to Him of daughters — for a child is likened to its parent; in other words, when one of them is informed that a daughter has been born to him, his face becomes darkened, transformed into one laden with anguish, and he chokes inwardly, filled with anguish: so how can such a person then attribute daughters to Him? Exalted be He high above such ˹claims˺.
القرآن:٤٣:١٧ –

وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُمْ بِمَا ضَرَبَ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ مَثَلًا ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ  

{وإذا بشر أحدهم بما ضرب للرحمن مثلا} جعل له شبهاً بنسبة البنات إليه لأن الولد يشبه الوالد، المعنى إذا أخبر أحدهم بالبنت تولد له {ظل} صار {وجهه مسودا} متغيراً تغير مغتم {وهو كظيم} ممتلئ غما فكيف ينسب البنات إليه؟ تعالى عن ذلك.
quran:43:18 –

So is one brought up in ornaments while being during conflict unevident ˹attributed to Allah˺?  

What! (a-wa contains both the hamza of denial and the conjunctive waw, ‘and’, in other words, ‘do they ascribe to God …’) one that is brought up amid trinkets, ornaments, and is incoherent in a dispute?, ˹unable˺ to argue clearly because of an ˹inherent˺ inability ˹in this respect˺ as a result of ˹that person belonging to˺ the female sex.
القرآن:٤٣:١٨ –

أَوَمَنْ يُنَشَّأُ فِي الْحِلْيَةِ وَهُوَ فِي الْخِصَامِ غَيْرُ مُبِينٍ  

{أو} همزة الإنكار وواو العطف بجملة، أي يجعلون لله {من يُنشأ في الحلية} الزينة {وهو في الخصام غير مبين} مظهر الحجة لضعفه عنها بالأنوثة.
quran:43:19 –

And they have made the angels, who are servants of the Most Merciful, females. Did they witness their creation? Their testimony will be recorded, and they will be questioned.  

And they have made the angels, who are themselves servants of the Compassionate One, females. Did they witness, were they present at, their creation? Their testimony, to the effect that they are females, will be written down and they will be questioned, about it in the Hereafter, wherefore punishment will ensue for them.
القرآن:٤٣:١٩ –

وَجَعَلُوا الْمَلَائِكَةَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عِبَادُ الرَّحْمَٰنِ إِنَاثًا ۚ أَشَهِدُوا خَلْقَهُمْ ۚ سَتُكْتَبُ شَهَادَتُهُمْ وَيُسْأَلُونَ  

{وجعلوا الملائكة الذين هم عباد الرحمن إناثا أشهدوا} حضروا {خلقهم ستكتب شهادتهم} بأنهم إناث {ويسألون} عنها في الآخرة فيترتب عليهم العقاب.
quran:43:20 –

And they said, "If the Most Merciful had willed, we would not have worshipped them." They have of that no knowledge. They are not but falsifying.  

And they say, ‘Had the Compassionate One ˹so˺ willed, we would not have worshipped them’, the angels: therefore our worship of them happens by His will and so He must be satisfied with it. God, exalted be He, says: They do not have any knowledge of that, which is said of His being satisfied with the worship of these ˹angels˺; and they are only surmising, inventing lies in this ˹respect˺ and so punishment will befall them as a result thereof.
القرآن:٤٣:٢٠ –

وَقَالُوا لَوْ شَاءَ الرَّحْمَٰنُ مَا عَبَدْنَاهُمْ ۗ مَا لَهُمْ بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَخْرُصُونَ  

{وقالوا لو شاء الرحمن ما عبدناهم} أي الملائكة فعبادتنا إياهم بمشيئته فهو راض بها قال تعالى: {ما لهم بذلك} المقول من الرضا بعبادتها {من علم إن} ما {هم إلا يخرصون} يكذبون فيه فيترتب عليهم العقاب به.
quran:43:21 –

Or have We given them a book before the Qur'an to which they are adhering?  

Or have We brought them a scripture before, that is, ˹before˺ the Qur’ān, that they should worship other than God, so that they are holding fast to it? In other words, this never happened.
القرآن:٤٣:٢١ –

أَمْ آتَيْنَاهُمْ كِتَابًا مِنْ قَبْلِهِ فَهُمْ بِهِ مُسْتَمْسِكُونَ  

{أم آتيناهم كتاباً من قبله} أي القرآن بعبادة غير الله {فهم مستمسكون} أي لم يقع ذلك.
quran:43:22 –

Rather, they say, "Indeed, we found our fathers upon a religion, and we are in their footsteps ˹rightly˺ guided."  

Nay, but they say, ‘Lo! we found our fathers following a ˹certain˺ creed and we are indeed, proceeding, in their footsteps to be guided’, by them, for they used to worship other than God.
القرآن:٤٣:٢٢ –

بَلْ قَالُوا إِنَّا وَجَدْنَا آبَاءَنَا عَلَىٰ أُمَّةٍ وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰ آثَارِهِمْ مُهْتَدُونَ  

{بل قالوا إنا وجدنا آباءنا على أمة} ملة {وإنا} {على آثارهم مهتدون} بهم وكانوا يعبدون غير الله.
quran:43:23 –

And similarly, We did not send before you any warner into a city except that its affluent said, "Indeed, we found our fathers upon a religion, and we are, in their footsteps, following."  

And thus We never sent a warner before you into any city without that its affluent folk, those of comfortable means, said, the like of what your people say: ‘Lo! we found our fathers following a ˹certain˺ creed and ˹so˺ we are indeed following in their footsteps’.
القرآن:٤٣:٢٣ –

وَكَذَٰلِكَ مَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ فِي قَرْيَةٍ مِنْ نَذِيرٍ إِلَّا قَالَ مُتْرَفُوهَا إِنَّا وَجَدْنَا آبَاءَنَا عَلَىٰ أُمَّةٍ وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰ آثَارِهِمْ مُقْتَدُونَ  

{وكذلك ما أرسلنا من قبلك في قرية من نذير إلا قال مترفوها} منعموها مثل قول قومك {إنا وجدنا آباءنا على أمة} ملة {وإنا على آثارهم مقتدون} متبعون.
quran:43:24 –

˹Each warner˺ said, "Even if I brought you better guidance than that ˹religion˺ upon which you found your fathers?" They said, "Indeed we, in that with which you were sent, are disbelievers."  

Say, to them: ‘What! Will you follow them, even if I bring you a better ˹means to˺ guidance than what you found your fathers following?’ They say, ‘Lo! we disbelieve in what you, and those before you, are sent with’. God, exalted be He, says to them, as a threat to them:
القرآن:٤٣:٢٤ –

قَالَ أَوَلَوْ جِئْتُكُمْ بِأَهْدَىٰ مِمَّا وَجَدْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ آبَاءَكُمْ ۖ قَالُوا إِنَّا بِمَا أُرْسِلْتُمْ بِهِ كَافِرُونَ  

{قل} لهم {أ} تتبعون ذلك {ولو جئتكم بأهدى مما وجدتم عليه آباءكم قالوا إنا بما أرسلتم به} أنت ومن قبلك {كافرون} قال تعالى تخويفاً لهم:
quran:43:25 –

So we took retribution from them; then see how was the end of the deniers.  

So We took vengeance on them, that is to say, on those who denied the messengers before you; behold then how was the sequel for the deniers.
القرآن:٤٣:٢٥ –

فَانْتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ ۖ فَانْظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ  

{فانتقمنا منهم} أي من المكذبين للرسل قبلك {فانظر كيف كان عاقبة المكذبين}.