42. Sūrat al-Shūrá

٤٢۔ سُورَةُ الشُّورَى

Qurʾān > Chapter 42 > Section 1
القرآن > كتاب ٤٢ > باب ١

42.1 The heavens might have broken apart from above those who elevate God's creatures to His rank, if the angels were not begging forgiveness for the residents of earth.

٤٢۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ الشُّورَى

quran:42:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

Ha, Meem.  

Hā mīm
القرآن:٤٢:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

حم  

{حم}.
quran:42:3 –

Thus has He revealed to you, ˹O Muhammad˺, and to those before you - Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.  

Thus — in other words, in the same ˹manner of˺ revelation — does He reveal to you and, did He reveal, to those ˹who were˺ before you, God (Allāhu, is the agent of ˹the action of˺ revelation) the Mighty, in His kingdom, the Wise, in His actions.
القرآن:٤٢:٣ –

كَذَٰلِكَ يُوحِي إِلَيْكَ وَإِلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ اللَّهُ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ  

{كذلك} أي مثل ذلك الإيحاء {يوحي إليك و} أوحى {إلى الذين من قبلك الله} فاعل الإيحاء {العزيز} في ملك {الحكيم} في صنعه.
quran:42:4 –

To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth, and He is the Most High, the Most Great.  

To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth, as possession, creation and servants, and He is the Exalted, above His creatures, the Tremendous, the Great.
القرآن:٤٢:٤ –

لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْعَظِيمُ  

{له ما في السماوات وما في الأرض} ملكاً وخلقاً وعبيداً {وهو العلي} على خلقه {العظيم} الكبير.
quran:42:5 –

The heavens almost break from above them, and the angels exalt ˹Allah˺ with praise of their Lord and ask forgiveness for those on earth. Unquestionably, it is Allah who is the Forgiving, the Merciful.  

The heavens are well-nigh (read yakādu, or takādu) rent asunder (yanfatirna: a variant reading has yatafattarna) from above one another, in other words, ˹well-nigh˺ is each one torn away from above the one below it because of the magnitude of God, exalted be He, and the angels glorify with praise of their Lord, in other words, they are continuously engaged in praise ˹of Him˺, and ask forgiveness for those, believers, on earth. Verily God is the Forgiving, to His friends, the Merciful, to them.
القرآن:٤٢:٥ –

تَكَادُ السَّمَاوَاتُ يَتَفَطَّرْنَ مِنْ فَوْقِهِنَّ ۚ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِمَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۗ أَلَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ  

{تكاد} بالتاء والياء {السماوات يتفطرن} بالنون، وفي قراءة بالتاء والشديد {من فوقهن} أي تنشق كل واحدة فوق التي تليها من عظمة الله تعالى {والملائكة يسبحون بحمد ربهم} أي ملابسين للحمد {ويستغفرون لمن في الأرض} من المؤمنين {ألا إن الله هو الغفور} لأوليائه {الرحيم} بهم.
quran:42:6 –

And those who take as allies other than Him - Allah is ˹yet˺ Guardian over them; and you, ˹O Muhammad˺, are not over them a manager.  

And those who have taken besides Him, namely, idols ˹as˺, guardians, God is watchful over them, He keeps count ˹of their deeds˺, that He may requite them; and you are not a guardian over them, in order to secure what is demanded of them: your duty is only to deliver the Message.
القرآن:٤٢:٦ –

وَالَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهُ حَفِيظٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَمَا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِوَكِيلٍ  

{والذين اتخذوا من دونه} أي الأصنام {أولياء الله حفيظ} محص {عليهم} ليجازيهم {وما أنت عليهم بوكيل} تحصل المطلوب منهم، ما عليك إلا البلاغ.
quran:42:7 –

And thus We have revealed to you an Arabic Qur'an that you may warn the Mother of Cities ˹Makkah˺ and those around it and warn of the Day of Assembly, about which there is no doubt. A party will be in Paradise and a party in the Blaze.  

And thus — in the same ˹manner of˺ revelation — have We revealed to you an Arabic Qur’ān, that you may warn, ˹that you may˺ threaten, the mother-town and those around it, namely, the inhabitants of Mecca and all other people, and that you may warn, ˹all˺ people, of the Day of Gathering, the Day of Resurrection whereat ˹all˺ creatures will be gathered, of which there is no doubt. A part, of them, will be in Paradise and a part will be in the Blaze, the Fire.
القرآن:٤٢:٧ –

وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ قُرْآنًا عَرَبِيًّا لِتُنْذِرَ أُمَّ الْقُرَىٰ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا وَتُنْذِرَ يَوْمَ الْجَمْعِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ ۚ فَرِيقٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَفَرِيقٌ فِي السَّعِيرِ  

{وكذلك} مثل ذلك الإيحاء {أوحينا إليك قرآناً عربيا لتنذر} تخوّف {أم القرى ومن حولها} أي أهل مكة وسائر الناس {وتنذر} الناس {يوم الجمع} يوم القيامة فيه الخلائق {لا ريب} شك {فيه فريق} منهم {في الجنة وفريقٌ في السعير} النار.
quran:42:8 –

And if Allah willed, He could have made them ˹of˺ one religion, but He admits whom He wills into His mercy. And the wrongdoers have not any protector or helper.  

And had God willed, He would have made them one community, in other words, following one religion, and that is Islam; but He admits whomever He will into His mercy, and the evildoers, the disbelievers, have neither guardian nor helper, to ward off the chastisement from them.
القرآن:٤٢:٨ –

وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَهُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَلَٰكِنْ يُدْخِلُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ فِي رَحْمَتِهِ ۚ وَالظَّالِمُونَ مَا لَهُمْ مِنْ وَلِيٍّ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ  

{ولو شاء الله لجعلهم أمة واحدة} أي على دين واحد، وهو الإسلام {ولكن يدخل من يشاء في رحمته والظالمون} الكافرون {ما لهم من وليّ ولا نصير} يدفع عنهم العذاب.
quran:42:9 –

Or have they taken protectors ˹or allies˺ besides him? But Allah - He is the Protector, and He gives life to the dead, and He is over all things competent.  

Or have they taken, idols ˹as˺, guardians besides Him? (am, ‘or’, is disjunctive, functioning with the sense of bal, ‘nay, but’, the one used to denote a shift ˹in the subject matter˺; the hamza is for denial, in other words ‘those who are taken’ ˹as guardians˺ are not ˹in fact˺ guardians ˹of anything˺). But God, He ˹alone˺ is the Guardian, in other words, then One who helps believers (the fā’ ˹of fa’Llāhu˺ is merely for coordination) and He revives the dead, and He has power over all things.
القرآن:٤٢:٩ –

أَمِ اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ ۖ فَاللَّهُ هُوَ الْوَلِيُّ وَهُوَ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَىٰ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ  

{أم اتخذوا من دونه} أي الأصنام {أولياء} أم منقطعة بمعنى: بل التي للانتقال، والهمزة للإنكار أي ليس المتخذون أولياء {فالله هو الولي} أي الناصر للمؤمنين والفاء لمجرد العطف {وهو يحيي الموتى وهو على كل شيءٍ قدير}.