41. Sūrat Fuṣṣilat

٤١۔ سُورَةُ فُصِّلَتْ

41.12 On the Day of Judgment all other gods to whom people worship besides God shall vanish.

٤١۔١٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ فُصِّلَتْ

quran:41:47

To him ˹alone˺ is attributed knowledge of the Hour. And fruits emerge not from their coverings nor does a female conceive or give birth except with His knowledge. And the Day He will call to them, "Where are My 'partners'?" they will say, "We announce to You that there is ˹no longer˺ among us any witness ˹to that˺."  

To Him devolves ˹all˺ knowledge of the Hour — when it shall come to pass, none other than Him knows this. And no fruit (thamaratin: a variant reading has ˹the plural˺ thamarātin, ‘fruits’) emerges from its sheath, its receptacle (akmām, the plural of kimm), except with His knowledge, and no female bears ˹child˺ or delivers except with His knowledge. And on the day when He will call out to them, ‘Where ˹then˺ are My associates?’ they will say, ‘We proclaim to You, we now apprise You, that there is no witness amongst us’, that is, a witness ˹who can testify to the allegation˺ that You have an associate.
القرآن:٤١:٤٧

إِلَيْهِ يُرَدُّ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ ۚ وَمَا تَخْرُجُ مِنْ ثَمَرَاتٍ مِنْ أَكْمَامِهَا وَمَا تَحْمِلُ مِنْ أُنْثَىٰ وَلَا تَضَعُ إِلَّا بِعِلْمِهِ ۚ وَيَوْمَ يُنَادِيهِمْ أَيْنَ شُرَكَائِي قَالُوا آذَنَّاكَ مَا مِنَّا مِنْ شَهِيدٍ  

{إليه يردُّ علم الساعة} متى تكون لا يعلمها غيره {وما تخرج من ثمرة} وفي قراءة ثمرات {من أكمامها} أوعيتها جمع كِم بكسر الكاف إلا بعلمه {وما تحمل من أنثى ولا تضع إلا بعلمه ويوم يناديهم أين شركائي قالوا آذناك} أعلمناك الآن {ما منا من شهيد} أي شاهد بأن لك شريكاً.
quran:41:48

And lost from them will be those they were invoking before, and they will be certain that they have no place of escape.  

And what they used to call on, ˹what they used˺ to worship, before, in this world, of idols, has forsaken them and they suppose, they will be certain, that there is no refuge for them, no escape from the chastisement (the negation in both instances comments on the operation ˹implied in the nouns of actions; also the negation stands in place of the direct objects in both instances).
القرآن:٤١:٤٨

وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَدْعُونَ مِنْ قَبْلُ ۖ وَظَنُّوا مَا لَهُمْ مِنْ مَحِيصٍ  

{وضلَّ} غاب {عنهم ما كانوا يدعون} يعبدون {من قبل} في الدنيا من الأصنام {وظنوا} أيقنوا {ما لهم من محيص} مهرب من العذاب والنفي في الموضعين معلق عن العمل وجملة النفي سدت مسد المفعولين.
quran:41:49

Man is not weary of supplication for good ˹things˺, but if evil touches him, he is hopeless and despairing.  

Man never wearies of supplicating for good, in other words, he never ceases to ask his Lord for wealth and good health and other ˹good˺ things, but should any ill befall him, such as impoverishment or hardship, then he becomes despondent, despairing, of God’s mercy — this and what follows relates to ˹the attitude of˺ disbelievers.
القرآن:٤١:٤٩

لَا يَسْأَمُ الْإِنْسَانُ مِنْ دُعَاءِ الْخَيْرِ وَإِنْ مَسَّهُ الشَّرُّ فَيَئُوسٌ قَنُوطٌ  

{لا يسأم الإنسان من دعاء الخير} أي لا يزال يسأل ربه المال والصحة وغيرهما {وإن مسه الشر} الفقر والشدة {فيؤس قنوط} من رحمة الله، وهذا وما بعده في الكافرين.
quran:41:50

And if We let him taste mercy from Us after an adversity which has touched him, he will surely say, "This is ˹due˺ to me, and I do not think the Hour will occur; and ˹even˺ if I should be returned to my Lord, indeed, for me there will be with Him the best." But We will surely inform those who disbelieved about what they did, and We will surely make them taste a massive punishment.  

And if (wa-la-in: the lām is for oaths) We let him taste, ˹if˺ We bestow on him, mercy, ˹such as˺ riches or good health, from Us after the harm, the hardship or tribulation, that had befallen him, he will surely say, ‘This is my due!, in other words, ˹it is˺ on account of what I do. I do not think that the Hour will ever set in, and even if (wa-la-in: the lām is for oaths) I am returned to my Lord, I will indeed have the best ˹reward˺ with Him’, namely, Paradise. But We will assuredly inform those who disbelieve of what they did, and assuredly We will make them taste a harsh chastisement (the lām ˹prefixed˺ in both verbs is that for oaths).
القرآن:٤١:٥٠

وَلَئِنْ أَذَقْنَاهُ رَحْمَةً مِنَّا مِنْ بَعْدِ ضَرَّاءَ مَسَّتْهُ لَيَقُولَنَّ هَٰذَا لِي وَمَا أَظُنُّ السَّاعَةَ قَائِمَةً وَلَئِنْ رُجِعْتُ إِلَىٰ رَبِّي إِنَّ لِي عِنْدَهُ لَلْحُسْنَىٰ ۚ فَلَنُنَبِّئَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِمَا عَمِلُوا وَلَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنْ عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ  

{ولئن} لام قسم {أذقناه} آتيناه {رحمة} غنى وصحة {منا من بعد ضراء} شدة وبلاء {مسته ليقولن هذا لي} أي بعلمي {وما أظن الساعة قائمة ولئن} لام قسم {رجعت إلى ربي إن لي عنده للحسنى} أي الجنة {فلننبئن الذين كفروا بما عملوا ولنذيقنهم من عذاب غليظ} شديد، واللام في الفعلين لام قسم.
quran:41:51

And when We bestow favor upon man, he turns away and distances himself; but when evil touches him, then he is full of extensive supplication.  

And when We bestow graces upon man (insān, the generic noun ˹is meant˺), he shows disregard, of giving thanks, and turns aside, turns his head in arrogance (a variant reading ˹for nā’a˺ has na’ā); but when ill befalls him, he makes prolonged supplications.
القرآن:٤١:٥١

وَإِذَا أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ أَعْرَضَ وَنَأَىٰ بِجَانِبِهِ وَإِذَا مَسَّهُ الشَّرُّ فَذُو دُعَاءٍ عَرِيضٍ  

{وإذا أنعمنا على الإنسان} الجنس {أعرض} عن الشكر {وناء بجانبه} ثنى عطفه متبختراً، وفي قراءة بتقديم الهمزة {وإذا مسه الشر فذو دعاءٍ عريض} كثير.