when Najdah Al-Haruriyyah rebelled during the Fitnah of Ibn Zubayr, he sent word to Ibn 'Abbas asking him about the share of the relatives (of the Messenger of Allah) -to whom did he think it should be given? He replied: "It is for us, because of our blood ties to the Messenger of Allah allocated it to them, but 'Umar offered us something we thought was less than what was our due, and we refused to accept it. What he offered to them who wanted to get married, and to help the debtors pay off their debts, and he gave to their indigent. But he refused to give them more than that." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4133)  

هُوَ لَنَا لِقُرْبَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَسَمَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَهُمْ وَقَدْ كَانَ عُمَرُ عَرَضَ عَلَيْنَا شَيْئًا رَأَيْنَاهُ دُونَ حَقِّنَا فَأَبَيْنَا أَنْ نَقْبَلَهُ وَكَانَ الَّذِي عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يُعِينَ نَاكِحَهُمْ وَيَقْضِيَ عَنْ غَارِمِهِمْ وَيُعْطِيَ فَقِيرَهُمْ وَأَبَى أَنْ يَزِيدَهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ  

"Najdah wrote to Ibn 'Abbas and asked him about the share of the relatives (of the Messenger of Allah), to whom should it be given?" Yazid bin Hurmuz said:"I wrote down the letter of Ibn 'Abbas to Najdah in which he said; You have written asking me about the share of the relatives (of the Messenger of Allah), to whom should it be given? It is for us, the members of the household (Ahl Al-Bait). 'Umar used to offer to help the single among us (to get married), and to give some to our poor and to pay off the debts of our debtors. We insisted that he should given it to us, but he refused, and we left it at that." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4134)  

عَنْ سَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى لِمَنْ هُوَ؟ وَهُوَ لَنَا أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ وَقَدْ كَانَ عُمَرُ «دَعَانَا إِلَى أَنْ يُنْكِحَ مِنْهُ أَيِّمَنَا وَيُخْدِمَ مِنْهُ عَائِلَنَا وَيَقْضِيَ مِنْهُ عَنْ غَارِمِنَا فَأَبَيْنَا إِلَّا أَنْ يُسْلِمَهُ لَنَا فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ فَتَرَكْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ»  

"Umar bin 'Abdul-'Aziz wrote a letter to 'Umar bin Al-Walid in which he said: 'The share that your father gave to you was the entire Khumus,[1] but the share that your father is entitled to is the same as that of any man among the Muslims, on which is due the rights of Allah and His Messenger, and of relatives, orphans, the poor and wayfarers. How many will dispute with your father on the Day of Resurrection! How can he be saved who has so many disputants? And your openly allowing musical instruments and wind instruments is an innovation in Islam. I was thinking of sending someone to you who would cut off your evil long hair."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4135)  

كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ كِتَابًا فِيهِ وَقَسَمَ أَبُوكَ لَكَ الْخُمُسَ كُلَّهُ وَإِنَّمَا سَهْمُ أَبِيكَ كَسَهْمِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَفِيهِ حَقُّ اللهِ وَحَقُّ الرَّسُولِ وَذِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ فَمَا أَكْثَرَ خُصَمَاءِ ابْنِكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَكَيْفَ يَنْجُو مَنْ كَثُرَتْ خُصَمَاؤُهُ وَإِظْهَارُكَ الْمَعَازِفَ وَالْمَزَامِيرَ بِدْعَةٌ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَلَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَبْعَثَ إِلَيْكَ مَنْ يَجُزُّ جُمَّتَكَ جُمَّةَ السَّوْءِ  

"He and 'Uthman bin 'Affan came to the Messenger of Allah to speak to him about what he had distributed of the Khumus of Hunain to Banu Hashim and Banu Al-Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf. They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, you distributed it to our brothers; Banu Al-Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf, and you did not give us anything, and our relationship to you in the same as theirs. 'The Messenger of Allah said to them: 'I see that Hashim and Al-Muttalib are the same." Jubair bin Mut'im said: "The Messenger of Allah did not allocate anything to Banu 'Abd Shams or Banu Nawfal from that Khumus, as he allocated to Banu Hashim and Banu Al-Muttalib." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4136)  

أَنَّهُ جَاءَ هُوَ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ إِلَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُكَلِّمَانِهِ فِيمَا قَسَمَ مِنْ خُمْسِ خَيْبَرَ بَيْنَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ فَقَالَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَسَمْتَ لِإِخْوَانِنَا بَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ وَلَمْ تُعْطِنَا شَيْئًا وَقَرَابَتُنَا مِثْلُ قَرَابَتِهِمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنَّمَا أَرَى هَاشِمًا وَالْمُطَّلِبَ شَيْئًا وَاحِدًا» قَالَ جُبَيْرٌ وَلَمْ يُقْسِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِبَنِي عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ وَلَا لِبَنِي نَوْفَلٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْخُمُسِ شَيْئًا كَمَا قَسَمَ لِبَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ  

"When the Messenger of Allah distributed the share for his relatives to Banu Hashim and BanuA-Muttalib, I came to himwith 'Uthman bin 'Affan and we said: 'O Messenger of Allah, no one denies the virtue of Banu Hashim because of the relationship between you and them. But how come you have given (a share) to Banu Al-Muttalib and not to us? They and we share the same degree of relationship to you. 'The Messenger of Allah said: "They did not abandon me during the Jahiliyyah or in Islam. Banu Hashim and Banu Al-Muttalib are the same thing, and he interlaced his fingers." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4137)  

لَمَّا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَهْمَ ذِي الْقُرْبَى بَيْنَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ أَتَيْتُهُ أَنَا وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَؤُلَاءِ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ لَا يُنْكَرُ فَضْلُهُمْ لِمَكَانِكَ الَّذِي جَعَلَكَ اللهُ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ أَرَأَيْتَ بَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ أَعْطَيْتَهُمْ وَمَنَعْتَنَا وَإِنَّمَا نَحْنُ وَهُمْ مِنْكَ بِمَنْزِلَةٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُفَارِقُونِي فِي جَاهِلِيَّةٍ وَلَا إِسْلَامٍ إِنَّمَا بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُو الْمُطَّلِبِ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ وَشَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ»  

"On the day of Hunain the Messenger of Allah took a hair from the side of a camel and said: 'O you people, it is not permissible for me to take even the equivalent of this from the Fay' that Allah has bestowed upon you, except the Khumus, and the Khumus will come back to you." (Sahih) Abu 'Abdur-Rahman (An-Nasa'i) said: Abu Sallam's name is Mamtur and he is Ethiopian, and Abu Umamah's name is Sudai bin 'Ajlan. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4138)  

أَخَذَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَبَرَةً مِنْ جَنْبِ بَعِيرٍ فَقَالَ «أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لِي مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ قَدْرُ هَذِهِ إِلَّا الْخُمُسُ وَالْخُمُسُ مَرْدُودٌ عَلَيْكُمْ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ اسْمُ أَبِي سَلَامٍ مَمْطُورٌ وَاسْمُ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ صُدَيُّ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ  

the Messenger of Allah went to a camel, and took a hair from its hump between his fingers and said: "I am not entitled to take anything from the Fay, not even this, except the Khumus, and the Khumus will come back to you." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4139)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَتَى بَعِيرًا فَأَخَذَ مِنْ سَنَامِهِ وَبَرَةً بَيْنَ إِصْبُعَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «هَا إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِي مِنَ الْفَيْءِ شَيْءٌ وَلَا هَذِهِ إِلَّا الْخُمُسُ وَالْخُمُسُ مَرْدُودٌ فِيكُمْ»  

"The wealth of Banu An-Nadir was among the Fay' that Allah bestowed upon His Messenger, in cases where the Muslims did not go out on and expedition with horses and camels. From it he kept for himself food for one year, and what was left he spent on cavalry and weapons equipment for the cause of Allah." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4140)  

كَانَتْ «أَمْوَالُ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ ﷺ مِمَّا لَمْ يُوجِفِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْلٍ وَلَا رِكَابٍ فَكَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ مِنْهَا قُوتَ سَنَةٍ وَمَا بَقِيَ جَعَلَهُ فِي الْكُرَاعِ وَالسِّلَاحِ عِدَّةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ»  

Fatimah sent word to Abu Bakr asking for her inheritance from the Prophet, from his charity and what was left of the Khumus of Khaibar. Abu Bakar said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'We are not inherited from."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4141)  

أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنْ صَدَقَتِهِ وَمِمَّا تَرَكَ وَمِنْ خُمُسِ خَيْبَرَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ»  

[Machine] In his words, "Whatever you have gained is for Allah, and for the Messenger." (Al-Anfal 41). He said that the fifth of Allah and the fifth of His Messenger ﷺ are one. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ carries from it, gives from it, places it wherever he wants, and uses it as he wishes.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ {أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 41] قَالَ خُمْسُ اللهِ وَخُمْسُ رَسُولِهِ ﷺ وَاحِدٌ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «يَحْمِلُ مِنْهُ وَيُعْطِي مِنْهُ وَيَضَعُهُ حَيْثُ شَاءَ وَيَضَعُ بِهِ مَا شَاءَ»  

" Iasked Al-Hasan bin Muhammad about the saying of Allah, the Might and Sublime: 'and know that whatever of spoils of war that you may gain, verily, one-fifth of it is assigned to Allah. He said: 'This is the key to the Speech of Allah. This world and the Hereafter belling to Allah. He said: 'They differed concerning these two shares after the death of the Messenger of Allah, the share of the Messenger and the share of the near relatives (of the Messenger of Allah). Some said that the share of the near relatives was for the relatives of the Messenger, and some said that the share of the near relatives was for the relatives of the Khalifah. Then they agreed that these two shares should be spent on horses and equipment in the cause of Allah, and they were allocated for this purpose during the Khalifah of Abu Bakr and' Umar."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4143)  

عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 41] قَالَ هَذَا مِفْتَاحُ كَلَامٍ لِلَّهِ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةُ قَالَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِي هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ سَهْمِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ وَسَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ سَهْمُ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ لِلْخَلِيفَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَقَالَ قَائِلٌ سَهْمُ ذِي الْقُرْبَى لِقَرَابَةِ الرَّسُولِ وَقَالَ قَائِلٌ سَهْمُ ذِي الْقُرْبَى لِقَرَابَةِ الْخَلِيفَةِ فَاجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ جَعَلُوا هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ فِي الْخَيْلِ وَالْعُدَّةِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَكَانَا فِي ذَلِكَ خِلَافَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ  

[Machine] I asked, "How much of the fifth portion did the Prophet ﷺ have?" He replied, "One-fifth of the fifth portion."  

قُلْتُ كَمْ كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ؟ قَالَ «خُمُسُ الْخُمُسِ»  

"Ash-Shabi was asked about the share of the Prophet and what he chose for himself. He said: 'The share of the Prophet was like the share of any Muslim man, and what he chose for himself was something precious; he chose whatever he wanted to."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4145)  

عَنْ سَهْمِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَصَفِيِّهِ قَالَ «أَمَّا سَهْمُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَكَسَهْمِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَمَّا الصَّفِيُّ فَغُرَّةٌ يَخْتَارُ مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ شَاءَ»  

"While I was with Mutarrif in Al-Mirbad, a man came in carrying a piece of leather and said: 'This was written to me by the Messenger of Allah. Is there anyone among you who can read?' I said: 'I can read.' And it was (a letter) from Muhammad the Prophet to Banu Zuhair bin Uqaish, who had testified to Lailah illallah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and had left the idolaters, and had agreed to give the Khumus from their spoils of the Prophet, and wheatever he chose for himself, so they became safe and secure by the covenant of Allah and His Messenger." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4146)  

بَيْنَا أَنَا مَعَ مُطَرِّفٍ بِالْمِرْبَدِ إِذْ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مَعَهُ قِطْعَةُ أَدِيمٍ فَقَالَ كَتَبَ لِي هَذِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَهَلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ يَقْرَأُ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَنَا أَقْرَأُ فَإِذَا فِيهَا «مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِبَنِي زُهَيْرِ بْنِ أَقْيَشٍ أَنَّهُمْ إِنْ شَهِدُوا أَنَّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَفَارَقُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَقَرُّوا بالْخُمُسَ فِي غَنَائِمِهِمْ وَسَهْمَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَصَفِيِّهِ فَإِنَّهُمْ آمِنُونَ بِأَمَانِ اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ»  

[Machine] "The khums (one-fifth) that belongs to Allah and the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was that the Prophet ﷺ and his close relatives would not eat anything from the charity. So, the Prophet ﷺ received one-fifth of that khums, and his close relatives received one-fifth of that khums, and the orphans received the same, and the poor received the same, and the travelers received the same."  

«الْخُمُسُ الَّذِي لِلَّهِ لِلرَّسُولِ ﷺ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَقَرَابَتُهُ لَا يَأْكُلُونَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ شَيْئًا فَكَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ خُمُسُ الْخُمُسِ وَلِذِي قَرَابَتِهِ خُمْسُ الْخُمْسِ وَلِلْيَتَامَى مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ وَلِلْمَسَاكِينِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ وَلِابْنِ السَّبِيلِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ»