12. Book of Fasting
١٢۔ كِتَابُ الصَّوْمِ
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَنْ إِعْطَاءِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا ثَوَابَ الصَّائِمِينَ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
[Machine] Narrated Abu Huraira: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Allah, the Most Blessed and Exalted, said: 'Every good deed of the son of Adam will be multiplied; a good deed is multiplied by ten to seven hundred times, except for fasting, for it is for Me and I will reward for it. The fasting person abstains from food, drink, and sexual relations, so My reward is for him. He leaves his desires and food for My sake.' The person observing fasting should avoid obscene speech and ignorance. If someone abuses him or quarrels with him, he should say: 'I am fasting, I am fasting.'"
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى كُلُّ حَسَنَةٍ عَمِلَهَا ابْنُ آدَمَ جَزَيْتُهُ بِهَا عَشْرَ حَسَنَاتٍ إِلَى سَبْعِ مِائَةِ ضِعْفٍ إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ فَهُوَ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ الصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ فَمَنْ كَانَ صَائِمًا فَلَا يَرْفُثْ وَلَا يَجْهَلْ فَإِنِ امْرُؤٌ شَتَمُهُ أَوْ آذَاهُ فَلْيَقُلْ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ»
ذِكْرُ تَبَاعُدِ الْمَرْءِ عَنِ النَّارِ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا بِصَوْمِهِ يَوْمًا وَاحِدًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
“Whoever fasts one day in the cause of Allah, Allah will keep the Fire away from his face the distance of seventy autumns (years) for that day.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1717)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا يَصُومُ عَبْدٌ يَوْمًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا بَاعَدَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَجْهَهُ عَنِ النَّارِ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا»
ذِكْرُ إِفْرَادِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا لِلصَّائِمِينَ بَابَ الرَّيَّانِ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ
"I heard the Messenger of Allah say" 'Whoever spends on a pair of things in the cause of Allah, he will be called from the gates of Paradise: O slave of Allah, this is good for you. Paradise had (several) gates. Whoever is one of the people of Salah, he will be called from the gate of prayer. Whoever is one of the people of Jihad, will be called from the gate of Jihad. Whoever is one of the people of charity will be called from the gate of charity. And whoever is one of the people of fasting will be called from the gate of Ar-Rayyan." Abu Bakr said: "Is there any need for anyone to be called from all of these gates? Will anyone be called from all of them, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "Yes, and I hope that you will be among them." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2439)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ أَنْفَقَ زَوْجَيْنِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْأَشْيَاءِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ دُعِيَ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ هَذَا خَيْرٌ وَلِلْجَنَّةِ أَبْوَابٌ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصَّلَاةِ دُعِيَ مِنْ بَابِ الصَّلَاةِ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجِهَادِ دُعِيَ مِنْ بَابِ الْجِهَادِ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ دُعِيَ مِنْ بَابِ الصَّدَقَةِ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصِّيَامِ دُعِيَ مِنْ بَابِ الرَّيَّانِ» قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا عَلَى أَحَدٍ يُدْعَى مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَبْوَابِ مِنْ ضَرُورَةٍ هَلْ يُدْعَى مِنْهَا كُلُّ أَحَدٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ وَأَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنْهُمْ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ كُلَّ طَاعَةٍ لَهَا مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ أَبْوَابٌ يُدْعَى أَهْلُهَا مِنْهَا إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ، فَإِنَّ لَهُ بَابًا وَاحِدًا
"Whoever spends on a pair (of things) in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, he will be called in Paradise: 'O slave of Allah, here is prosperity, Whoever is one of the people of Salah, he will be called from the gate of salah. Whoever is on of the people of charity, he will be called from the gate of Ar-Rayyan.' Abu Bakr As-Siddiq said: 'O Messenger of Allah, no distress or need will befall the one who is called from those gates. Will there be anyone who will be called from all these gates?' The Messenger of Allah said: 'Yes, and I hope that you will be one of them."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2238)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ أَنْفَقَ زَوْجَيْنِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ دُعِيَ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ وَلِلْجَنَّةِ أَبْوَابٌ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصَّلَاةِ دُعِيَ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الصَّلَاةِ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ دُعِيَ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الصَّدَقَةِ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجِهَادِ دُعِيَ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْجِهَادِ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصِّيَامِ دُعِيَ مِنْ بَابِ الرَّيَّانِ» فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ ضَرُورَةٍ مِنْ أَيِّهَا دُعِيَ فَهَلْ يُدْعَى أَحَدٌ مِنْهَا كُلِّهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ وَأَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنْهُمْ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الصَّائِمِينَ إِذَا دَخَلُوا مِنْ بَابِ الرَّيَّانِ أُغْلِقَ بَابُهُمْ، وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ مِنْهُ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُمْ
In Paradise there is a gate which is called Rayyan through which only the people who fast would enter on the Day on Resurrection. None else would enter along with them. It would be proclaimed: Where are the people who fast that they should be admitted into it? And when the last of them would enter, it would be closed and no one would enter it. (Using translation from Muslim 1152)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ بَابًا يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّيَّانُ يَدْخُلُ مِنْهُ الصَّائِمُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا يَدْخُلُ مِنْهُ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُمْ يُقَالُ أَيْنَ الصَّائِمُونَ فَيَقُومُونَ فَيَدْخُلُونَ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا دَخَلَ آخِرُهُمْ أُغْلِقَ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ مِنْهُ أَحَدٌ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ بَابِ الرَّيَّانِ يُغْلَقُ عِنْدَ آخِرِ دُخُولِ الصُّوَّامِ مِنْهُ، حَتَّى لَا يَدْخُلَ مِنْهُ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُمْ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is a door in Paradise called Ar-Rayyan which is reserved for the fasting people. When the last of them enters, it will be closed."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فِي الْجَنَّةِ بَابٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّيَّانُ أُعِدَّ لِلصَّائِمِينَ فَإِذَا دَخَلَ أُخْرَاهُمْ أُغْلِقَ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ خُلُوفَ الصَّائِمِ يَكُونُ أَطْيَبَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ
The Prophet ﷺ said, "(Allah said), 'Every good deed of Adam's son is for him except fasting; it is for Me. and I shall reward (the fasting person) for it.' Verily, the smell of the mouth of a fasting person is better to Allah than the smell of musk." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5927)
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ «كُلُّ عَمَلِ ابْنِ آدَمَ لَهُ إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ وَالصِّيَامُ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ وَلَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ فَمَ الصَّائِمِ يَكُونُ أَطْيَبَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
"The Prophet said: 'Allah, may He be blessed and exalted, says: Fasting is for me I shall reward for it. The fasting person has two moments of joy: When he breaks his fast and when he meets his Lord. By the One in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad, the smell that comes from the mouth of the fasting person is better before Allah than the fragrance of musk." ' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2213)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى كُلُّ عَمَلِ ابْنِ آدَمَ لَهُ إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ فَهُوَ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ لِلصَّائِمِ فَرْحَتَانِ إِذَا أَفْطَرَ فَرِحَ بِفِطْرِهِ وَإِذَا لَقِيَ اللَّهَ فَرِحَ بِصَوْمِهِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ خُلُوفَ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ قَدْ يَكُونُ أَيْضًا أَطْيَبَ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ فِي الدُّنْيَا
[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ , he said: "Every good deed that the son of Adam performs will be multiplied ten times up to seven hundred times, except for fasting. It is for Me and I will reward it. He gives up his desires and his food and drink for My sake. The fasting person has two moments of joy: one when he breaks his fast and the other when he meets his Lord. The smell from the mouth of a fasting person is purer to Allah than the scent of musk."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «كُلُّ حَسَنَةٍ يَعْمَلُهَا ابْنُ آدَمَ بِعَشْرِ حَسَنَاتٍ إِلَى سَبْعِ مِائَةِ ضِعْفٍ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ إِلَّا الصَّوْمَ فَهُوَ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ يَدَعُ الطَّعَامَ مِنْ أَجْلِي وَالشَّرَابَ مِنْ أَجْلِي وَشَهْوَتَهُ مِنْ أَجْلِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ وَلِلصَّائِمِ فَرْحَتَانِ فَرْحَةٌ حِينَ يُفْطِرُ وَفَرْحَةٌ حِينَ يَلْقَى رَبَّهُ وَلَخُلُوفِ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ حِينَ يَخْلُفُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ»
12.1.10 Subsection
١٢۔١۔١٠ ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الصَّوْمَ لَا يَعْدِلُهُ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الطَّاعَاتِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ formed an army, and I approached him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, pray to Allah for martyrdom for me." He said, "O Allah, protect them and give them booty." So, we set out for battle and achieved victory and collected goods until he mentioned that three times. Then, I approached him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have approached you three times, asking you to pray for martyrdom for me." He said, "O Allah, protect them and give them booty." We achieved victory and collected goods, O Messenger of Allah. Guide me towards an action that will lead me to Paradise." He said, "Fasting is the best action, as there is no equivalent to it." Abu Umamah was not seen with smoke in his house during the day, unless they had guests. When they saw smoke during the day, they knew that they had guests.
أَنْشَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَيْشًا فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ لِي بِالشَّهَادَةِ قَالَ «اللَّهُمَّ سَلِّمْهُمْ وَغَنِّمْهُمْ» فَغَزَوْنَا فَسَلِمْنَا وَغَنِمْنَا حَتَّى ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَتَيْتُكَ تَتْرَى ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ لِي بِالشَّهَادَةِ فَقُلْتَ «اللَّهُمَّ سَلِّمْهُمْ وَغَنِّمْهُمْ» فَسَلِمْنَا وَغَنِمْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمُرْنِي بِعَمَلٍ أَدْخُلُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَالَ «عَلَيْكَ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا مِثْلَ لَهُ» قَالَ فَكَانَ أَبُو أُمَامَةَ لَا يُرَى فِي بَيْتِهِ الدُّخَانُ نَهَارًا إِلَّا إِذَا نَزَلَ بِهِمْ ضَيْفٌ فَإِذَا رَأَوَا الدُّخَانَ نَهَارًا عَرَفُوا أَنَّهُ قَدِ اعْتَرَاهُمْ ضَيْفٌ
[Machine] I said, "O Messenger of Allah, guide me to a deed." He said, "You should observe fasting, as it has no equal."
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ دُلَّنِي عَلَى عَمَلٍ قَالَ «عَلَيْكَ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا عِدْلَ لَهُ»
12.1 [Machine] The Excellence of Fasting
١٢۔١ بَابُ فَضْلِ الصَّوْمِ
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الصَّوْمَ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ لِلْعَبْدِ يُجْتَنُّ بِهِ مِنَ النَّارِ
[Machine] The translation of the given Arabic text is: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ narrated to us and mentioned some stories, and he said, 'The fast is a shield.'"
حَدَّثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ أَحَادِيثَ وَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ»
ذِكْرُ رَجَاءِ اسْتِجَابَةِ دُعَاءِ الصَّائِمِ عِنْدَ إِفْطَارِهِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There are three whose supplication is not rejected: the fasting person until he breaks his fast, the just ruler, and the supplication of the oppressed."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا تُرَدُّ دَعْوَتُهُمُ الصَّائِمُ حَتَّى يُفْطِرَ وَالْإِمَامُ الْعَادِلُ وَدَعْوَةُ الْمَظْلُومِ»
ذِكْرُ تَفَضُّلِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا بِإِعْطَاءِ الْمُفَطِّرِ مُسْلِمًا مِثْلَ أَجْرِهِ
[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "Whoever gives food to a fasting person to break his fast, he will have a reward equal to his, without it detracting in any way from the fasting person's reward."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ فَطَّرَ صَائِمًا كُتِبَ لَهُ مِثْلَ أَجْرِهِ لَا يَنْقُصُ مِنْ أَجْرِهِ شَيْءٌ»
ذِكْرُ اسْتِغْفَارِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ لِلصَّائِمِ إِذَا أَكَلَ عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى يَفْرُغُوا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon her, so she invited him to eat. He said, "Come and eat." She said, "Indeed, I am fasting." He said, "Verily, when a fasting person is eating in the presence of the angels, they send blessings upon him."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَدَعَتْ لَهُ بِطَعَامٍ فَقَالَ «تَعَالَيْ فَكُلِي» فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي صَائِمَةٌ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ الصَّائِمَ إِذَا أُكِلَ عِنْدَهُ صَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ»