[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The pledge is based on what is inside it." Abu Hazim said that Hassan ibn Ibrahim al-Karmani singled out this saying. The sheikh said that it is disconnected between Amr ibn Dinar and Abu Hurairah.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الرَّهْنُ بِمَا فِيهِ قَالَ أَبُو حَازِمٍ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ حَسَّانُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكَرْمَانِيُّ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَهُوَ مُنْقَطِعٌ بَيْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Pawning is permissible as long as the item being pawned is known." Abu Ahmad and Abu Abbād, whose name is Umayyah al-Basrī, narrated it. Zakariyya as-Sājī mentioned it, and the sheikh (scholar) said it was also narrated from Ismā‘īl ibn Abi Umayyah ad-Dāri‘. It was also narrated from Sa‘īd ibn Rāshid, from Humaid, from Anas, with a raised (direct) chain of narration. Abu al-Hasan ad-Dāraqutnī said, "Ismā‘īl, this person, narrates weak hadiths." And Abu Abd ar-Rahmān as-Sulamī and Abu Bakr ibn al-Hārith narrated it from him. The correct statement regarding this topic is that the hadith is mursal (a type of hadith with a missing link in the chain of narration), and it contains some weakness.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الرَّهْنُ بِمَا فِيهِ قَالَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ وَأَبُو عَبَّادٍ اسْمُهُ أُمَيَّةُ بَصْرِيٌّ قَالَهُ زَكَرِيَّا السَّاجِيُّ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ قِيلَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ الذَّارِعُ وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ مَرْفُوعًا قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ إِسْمَاعِيلُ هَذَا يَضَعُ الْحَدِيثَ وَهَذَا لَا يَصِحُّ أَخْبَرَنَا بِذَلِكَ عَنْهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَالْأَصْلُ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ حَدِيثٌ مُرْسَلٌ وَفِيهِ مِنَ الْوَهَنِ مَا فِيهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that the right of the pregnant woman is gold, and Imam Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, has sufficed us with his explanation of the weakness of this hadith. This is in what Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz has permitted me to narrate from him, that Abu Al-Abbas narrated to them, saying that Ar-Rabi' reported that Ash-Shafi'i reported that Ibrahim reported from Mus'ab bin Thabit from Ata' who said, "Al-Hasan claimed this, and then Ibrahim narrated this statement." Ibrahim said, "Ata' was astonished by what Al-Hasan narrated." Ash-Shafi'i said, "And more than one person reported to me from Mus'ab from Ata' from Ata' from Al-Hasan." And someone I trust informed me that a man from the people of knowledge said.  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِلْمُرْتَهِنِ ذَهَبَ حَقُّهُ وَقَدْ كَفَانَا الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ بَيَانَ وَهَنِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَذَلِكَ فِيمَا أَجَازَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ رِوَايَتَهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ حَدَّثَهُمْ قَالَ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ أَنْبَأَ الشَّافِعِيُّ أَنْبَأَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ قَالَ زَعَمَ الْحَسَنُ كَذَا ثُمَّ حَكَى هَذَا الْقَوْلَ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ كَانَ عَطَاءٌ يَتَعَجَّبُ مِمَّا رَوَى الْحَسَنُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَخْبَرَنِيهِ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبٍ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ وَأَخْبَرَنِي مَنْ أَثِقُ بِهِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ has pledged what is in it and narrated it also with this wording, excluding the story of Zam'a bin Salih from Ibn Tawus from his father as a message, and Zam'a is not strong. Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned his acceptance in this matter from the message of Sa'id bin Al-Musayyib, excluding others, because his chains of transmission are more authentic than others, and because it has been narrated continuously, and Allah knows best.  

النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الرَّهْنُ بِمَا فِيهِ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا بِهَذَا اللَّفْظِ دُونَ الْقِصَّةِ زَمْعَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُرْسَلًا وَزَمْعَةُ غَيْرُ قَوِيٍّ وَذَكَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أَخْذَهُ فِي هَذِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ بِمُرْسَلِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ دُونَ غَيْرِهِ؛ لِأَنَّ مَرَاسِيلَهُ أَصَحُّ مِنْ مَرَاسِيلِ غَيْرِهِ؛ وَلَأَنَّهُ قَدْ رُوِيَ مَوْصُولًا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] About each  

عَنْ كُلٍّ  

[Machine] If it is less than what is due to him, then he should be fully refunded. If it is more, then he is trustworthy. This is not a well-known issue with Omar, and the narrations about it differ from Ali ibn Abi Talib, who reported it.  

إِنْ كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِمَّا فِيهِ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ تَمَامَ حَقِّهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ فَهُوَ أَمِينٌ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِمَشْهُورٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَاخْتَلَفَتِ الرِّوَايَاتُ فِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَرُوِيَ عَنْهُ  

[Machine] If there is a favor in the mortgage, and it is affected by a pandemic, then the mortgage remains with what it contains. But if it is not affected by a pandemic, then the favor is returned. This is narrated by Khalas from Ali, who took it from a document. Yahya bin Ma'in and others from the preservers have also narrated it, and it is narrated from Ali in an absolute manner that favors are mutually exchanged.  

إِذَا كَانَ فِي الرَّهْنِ فَضْلٌ فَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ جَائِحَةٌ فَالرَّهْنُ بِمَا فِيهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تُصِبْهُ جَائِحَةٌ فَإِنَّهُ يَرُدُّ الْفَضْلَ مَا رَوَى خِلَاسٌ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَخَذَهُ مِنْ صَحِيفَةٍ قَالَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنَ الْحُفَّاظِ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ مُطْلَقًا يَتَرَادَّانِ الْفَضْلَ  

[Machine] On the issue of collateral, Ali mentioned that if the debtor passes away, preferential treatment should be granted.  

عَنْ عَلِيٍّ فِي الرَّهْنِ إِذَا هَلَكَ يَتَرَادَّانِ الْفَضْلَ  

[Machine] Regarding al-Hajjaj from another perspective, weak and connected.  

عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ضَعِيفٍ مَوْصُولًا  

[Machine] If pledge is better than loan, or if loan is better than pledge, then they would exchange benefits. And from Hajjaj from Ata said, it was said that Harith Al-Awar and Hajjaj bin Artat and Ma'mar bin Sulaiman used to exchange benefits among themselves, without needing anyone to testify for them. And it has been narrated from a third source from Ali.  

إِذَا كَانَ الرَّهْنُ أَفْضَلَ مِنَ الْقَرْضِ أَوْ كَانَ الْقَرْضُ أَفْضَلَ مِنَ الرَّهْنِ ثُمَّ هَلَكَ يَتَرَادَّانِ الْفَضْلَ 11233 وَعَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ قَالَ كَانَ يُقَالُ يَتَرَادَّانِ الْفَضْلَ بَيْنَهُمَا الْحَارِثُ الْأَعْوَرُ وَالْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ وَمَعْمَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِمْ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ ثَالِثٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ  

[Machine] "If the mortgage is less, then the preference should be returned. And if it is more, then it is based on its contents. Al-Shafi'i narrated from Ali ibn Abi Talib that it is more correct for them to exchange the preference than narrating from Abdul A'la. And we have seen your companions weakening the narration of Abdul A'la, which is not contradicting it with a severe weakening. So how about what opposes it from someone who is closer to authenticity and more deserving of it? And this statement is based on what Abu Abdullah permitted me to narrate from him from Abu al-Abbas from Rabi' from al-Shafi'i."  

إِذَا كَانَ الرَّهْنُ أَقَلَّ رَدَّ الْفَضْلَ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ فَهُوَ بِمَا فِيهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ الرِّوَايَةُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ بِأَنْ يَتَرَادَّانِ الْفَضْلَ أَصَحُّ عَنْهُ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى وَقَدْ رَأَيْنَا أَصْحَابَكُمْ يُضَعِّفُونَ رِوَايَةَ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى الَّتِي لَا يُعَارِضُهَا مُعَارِضٌ تَضْعِيفًا شَدِيدًا فَكَيْفَ بِمَا عَارَضَهُ فِيهِ مَنْ هُوَ أَقْرَبُ مِنَ الصِّحَّةِ وَأَوْلَى بِهَا مِنْهُ وَهَذَا الْكَلَامُ فِيمَا أَجَازَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ رِوَايَتَهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنِ الشَّافِعِيِّ  

[Machine] Yahya, I said to Sufyan, meaning Sufyan al-Thawri, in the narrations of Abdul A'la about Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah, he weakened/authenticated them.  

يَحْيَى قُلْتُ لِسُفْيَانَ يَعْنِي الثَّوْرِيَّ فِي أَحَادِيثِ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ فَوَهَّنَهَا  

[Machine] The pledge was fulfilled/appreciated for what it contained.  

ذَهَبَتِ الرُّهُونُ بِمَا فِيهَا