14. Mortgage
١٤۔ كِتَابُ الرَّهْنِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that one should use his transportation for the noon prayer (Dhuhr) if it is pledged, and one should drink camel milk if it is pledged, and the transportation and milk are upon the one who drinks and uses them.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الظَّهْرُ يُرْكَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَيُشْرَبُ لَبَنُ النَّاقَةِ إِذَا كَانَتْ مَرْهُونَةً وَعَلَى الَّذِي يَشْرَبُ وَيَرْكَبُ النَّفَقَةُ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to say that the midday prayer should be performed with the wealth earned if it is halal, and he should drink the milk of the dar (camel) if it is halal. And the person who rides and drinks it should bear the expenses.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ الظَّهْرُ يُرْكَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَيُشْرَبُ لَبَنُ الدَّرِّ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَعَلَى الَّذِي يَرْكَبُ وَيَشْرَبُ نَفَقَتُهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Pledging as security and riding are both forbidden." I mentioned that to Ibrahim, and he said: "If they dislike enjoying any benefit from the pledge, it is also narrated from Abu Awanah from Al-A'mash, and it is elevated."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الرَّهْنُ مَحْلُوبٌ وَمَرْكُوبٌ قَالَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانُوا لَيَكْرَهُونَ أَنْ يَسْتَمْتِعُوا مِنَ الرَّهْنِ بِشَيْءٍ وَكَذَلِكَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ مَرْفُوعًا
[Machine] "That the Prophet ﷺ said: 'A pledge is a transaction involving both a loan and a sale.' When I mentioned this to Ibrahim, he disliked benefiting from it. The group reported it from Al-A'mash, attributed to Abu Hurairah."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ الرَّهْنُ مَرْكُوبٌ وَمَحْلُوبٌ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ فَكَرِهَ أَنْ يُنْتَفَعَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْهُ وَرَوَاهُ الْجَمَاعَةُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ مَوْقُوفًا عَلَى أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ
[Machine] "That whoever mortgages their property, it does not prevent the mortgagor from using it, because their ownership of it remains intact and it is still under their control, just as it was before the mortgage. And the benefits of the mortgage belong to the mortgagor, and the mortgager does not benefit from them in any way."
أَنَّ مَنْ رَهَنَ ذَاتَ دَرٍّ وَظَهْرٍ لَمْ يَمْنَعِ الرَّاهِنَ دَرَّهَا وَظَهْرَهَا؛ لِأَنَّ لَهُ رَقَبَتَهَا فَهِيَ مَحْلُوبَةٌ وَمَرْكُوبَةٌ كَمَا كَانَتْ قَبْلَ الرَّهْنِ قَالَ وَمَنَافِعُ الرَّهْنِ لِلرَّاهِنِ لَيْسَ لِلْمُرْتَهِنِ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The pledge cannot be withheld by its owner, who impounded it with his flock, while there is an obligation upon him." Al-Shafi'i said: "His flock is considered an increase in value, and the obligation upon him will lead to his destruction and reduce his wealth." He said, "Al-Shafi'i also reported from Al-Thiqa, who reported from Yahya bin Abu Unaisah, who reported from Ibn Al-Musayyib, who reported from Abu Hurairah, who reported from the Prophet ﷺ a similar statement or one with the same meaning that is not contradictory to it."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا يُغْلَقُ الرَّهْنُ الرَّهْنُ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي رَهْنَهُ لَهُ غُنْمُهُ وَعَلَيْهِ غُرْمُهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ غُنْمُهُ زِيَادَتُهُ وَغُرْمُهُ هَلَاكُهُ وَنَقْصُهُ 11211 قَالَ وَأنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ الثِّقَةُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ أَوْ مِثْلَ مَعْنَاهُ لَا يُخَالِفُهُ
[Machine] I borrowed five hundred dirhams and mortgaged a horse. I rode it or someone else rode it. He said, "Whatever you earn from it is riba (usury)."
إِنِّي أَسْلَفْتُ رَجُلًا خَمْسَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَرَهَنَنِي فَرَسًا فَرَكِبْتُهَا أَوْ أَرْكَبْتُهَا قَالَ مَا أَصَبْتَ مِنْ ظَهْرِهَا فَهُوَ رِبًا
يَغْرَمُ لِصَاحِبِ الْجَارِيَةِ قِيمَةَ إِرْضَاعِ اللَّبَنِ
لَا يَنْتَفِعُ مِنَ الرَّهْنِ بِشَيْءٍ
[Machine] This is a translation of the given Arabic passage: "That is drinking usury."
ذَلِكَ شَرِبَ الرِّبَا
[Machine] Mu'adh ibn Jabal used to say about the date palm: "When you tie it, it produces fruit, and it is considered as collateral. This is a metaphor, and similarly, is the saying of Ibn Sireen."
كَانَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ يَقُولُ فِي النَّخْلِ إِذَا رَهَنَهُ فَيَخْرُجُ فِيهِ ثَمَرَةٌ فَهُوَ مِنَ الرَّهْنِ هَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَكَذَلِكَ حَدِيثُ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ
[Machine] "In the narration, from the year of the Prophet Muhammad's Hajj..."
فِي الْحَدِيثِ مِنْ عَامِ حَجِّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ