13. Sūrat al-Raʿd

١٣۔ سُورَةُ الرَّعْد

Qurʾān > Chapter 13 > Section 2
القرآن > كتاب ١٣ > باب ٢

13.2 Trees, fruit, vegetables and their tastes are the signs of God. For every nation God sent a guide (Messenger).

١٣۔٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ الرَّعْد

quran:13:4 –

And within the land are neighboring plots and gardens of grapevines and crops and palm trees, ˹growing˺ several from a root or otherwise, watered with one water; but We make some of them exceed others in ˹quality of˺ fruit. Indeed in that are signs for a people who reason.  

And on the earth are tracts, diverse terrains, neighbouring each other, joined side by side, some good, some briny, some of little yield and some fruitful — and these constitute proofs of His power, exalted be He — and gardens, orchards, of vines and sown fields (read zar‘un, in the nominative, as a supplement to jannātun, ‘gardens’, or read zar‘in, in the genitive, ˹as a supplement˺ to a‘nābin, ‘of vines’); similarly ˹constituting proofs of His power are˺ His words: and date-palms sharing one root (sinwān is the plural of sinw, which are date-palms belonging to the same root, but with many offshoots) and date-palms otherwise, ˹each˺ of individual root, watered (read tusqā as ˹referring to˺ jannāt, ‘gardens’, and what is in them, or read yusqā as ˹referring to˺ the mentioned ˹date-palms˺) by the same ˹source of˺ water; and We make some of them to excel (wa-nufaddil, or read wa-yufaddil, ‘and He ˹God˺ makes ˹some of them˺ to excel’) others in flavour (read fī’l-ukul or fī’l-ukl): and so some are sweet, others, bitter — and these are ˹also˺ proofs of His power, exalted be He. Surely in that, which is mentioned, are signs for a people who understand, ˹who˺ reflect.
القرآن:١٣:٤ –

وَفِي الْأَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُتَجَاوِرَاتٌ وَجَنَّاتٌ مِنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَزَرْعٌ وَنَخِيلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَغَيْرُ صِنْوَانٍ يُسْقَىٰ بِمَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ وَنُفَضِّلُ بَعْضَهَا عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ فِي الْأُكُلِ ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ  

{وفي الأرض قطع} بقاع مختلفة {متجاورات} متلاصقات فمنها طيب وسبخ وقليل الريع وكثيرهُ وهو من دلائل قدرته تعالى {وجنات} بساتين {من أعناب وزرع} بالرفع عطفا على جنات، والجر على أعناب وكذا قوله {ونخيل صنوان} جمع صنو، وهي النخلات يجمعها أصل واحد وتشعب فروعها {وغير صنوان} منفردة {تسقى} بالتاء، أي الجنات وما فيها والياء، أي المذكور {بماء واحد ونفضّل} بالنون والياء {بعضها على بعض في الأكُل} بضم الكاف وسكونها فمن حلو وحامض وهو من دلائل قدرته تعالى {إن في ذلك} المذكور {لآيات لقوم يعقلون} يتدبرون.
quran:13:5 –

And if you are astonished, ˹O Muhammad˺ - then astonishing is their saying, "When we are dust, will we indeed be ˹brought˺ into a new creation?" Those are the ones who have disbelieved in their Lord, and those will have shackles upon their necks, and those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide therein eternally.  

And if you wonder, O Muhammad (s), at the disbelievers denying you, then surely wondrous, ˹surely˺ deserving wonder, is their saying, in denial of resurrection: ‘When we have become dust, shall we indeed then be ˹raised˺ in a new creation?’, ˹it is wondrous˺ because the One Who has the power to originate creation and ˹to originate˺ what has been mentioned ˹above˺, without any precedent, has ˹also˺ the power to restore them ˹to life˺ (both hamzas, in both instances ˹a-idhā and a-innā˺, are pronounced; or ˹one may˺ pronounce the first and not pronounce the second, but in both cases inserting an alif or not ˹inserting it˺; one variant reading has the first ˹a-idhā˺ as the interrogative, and the second one ˹a-innā˺ as the predicate, while another variant reading has the ˹exact˺ opposite). Those are the ones who disbelieve in their Lord; those — fetters shall be around their necks; and those, they shall be the inhabitants of the Fire, abiding therein.
القرآن:١٣:٥ –

وَإِنْ تَعْجَبْ فَعَجَبٌ قَوْلُهُمْ أَإِذَا كُنَّا تُرَابًا أَإِنَّا لَفِي خَلْقٍ جَدِيدٍ ۗ أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ الْأَغْلَالُ فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ  

{وإن تعجب} يا محمد من تكذيب الكفار لك {فعجب} حقيق بالعجب {قولهم} منكرين للبعث {أإذا كنا ترابا أإنا لفي خلق جديد} لأن القادر على إنشاء الخلق وما تقدم على غير مثال قادر على إعادتهم، وفي الهمزتين في الموضعين، وتحقيق الأولى وتسهيل الثانية وإدخال ألف بينهما على الوجهين وتركها وفي قراءة بالاستفهام في الأول، والخبر في الثاني، وأخرى وعكسه {أولئك الذين كفروا بربهم وأولئك الأغلال في أعناقهم وأولئك أصحاب النار هم فيها خالدون}.
quran:13:6 –

They impatiently urge you to bring about evil before good, while there has already occurred before them similar punishments ˹to what they demand˺. And indeed, your Lord is full of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing, and indeed, your Lord is severe in penalty.  

The following was revealed regarding their hastening on, out of mockery, of the chastisement: And they would have you hasten on the evil, the chastisement, rather than the good, ˹rather than˺ mercy, when there have indeed occurred before them exemplary punishments (mathulāt is the plural of mathula, similar ˹in pattern˺ to samura ˹pl. samurāt˺, ‘acacia’), that is to say, the punishments of disbelievers like them: will they not take warning from these? Truly your Lord is forgiving to mankind despite their evil-doing, for otherwise He would not have left a single creature on the face of it ˹the earth˺; and truly your Lord is severe in retribution, against those who disobey Him.
القرآن:١٣:٦ –

وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمُ الْمَثُلَاتُ ۗ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَىٰ ظُلْمِهِمْ ۖ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَشَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ  

ونزل في استعجالهم العذاب استهزاءً {ويستعجلونك بالسيئة} العذاب {قبل الحسنة} الرحمة {وقد خلت من قبلهم المثلات} جمع المثلة بوزن الثمرة أي عقوبات أمثالهم من المكذبين أفلا يعتبرون بها؟ {وإن ربك لذو مغفرة للناس على} مع {ظلمهم} وإلا لم يترك على ظهرها دابة {وإن ربك لشديد العقاب} لمن عصاه.
quran:13:7 –

And those who disbelieved say, "Why has a sign not been sent down to him from his Lord?" You are only a warner, and for every people is a guide.  

And those who disbelieve say, ‘Why has not some sign been sent down upon him, upon Muhammad (s), from his Lord!’, the like of the staff and the ˹glowing˺ hand, or the she-camel. God, exalted be He, says: You are only a warner, one to threaten the disbelievers, for it is not your duty to bring forth signs; and for every folk there is a guide, a prophet, to guide them to their Lord with the signs that He gives him, and not what with they request.
القرآن:١٣:٧ –

وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْلَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ ۗ إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ ۖ وَلِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هَادٍ  

{ويقول الذين كفروا لولا} هلا {أنزل عليه} على محمد {آية من ربه} كالعصا واليد والناقة، قال تعالى: {إنما أنت منذر} مخوِّف الكافرين وليس عليك إتيان الآيات {ولكل قوم هاد} نبي يدعوهم إلى ربهم بما يعطيه من الآيات لا بما يقترحون.