13. Sūrat al-Raʿd

١٣۔ سُورَةُ الرَّعْد

13.10 The Messenger has no power to show any miracle without God's sanction. When God commands, there is none to reverse it. God is the Master of all planning.

١٣۔١٠ مقطع في سُورَةُ الرَّعْد

quran:13:38

And We have already sent messengers before you and assigned to them wives and descendants. And it was not for a messenger to come with a sign except by permission of Allah. For every term is a decree.  

And when they derided him for having many wives, the following was revealed: And indeed We sent messengers before you, and We assigned to them wives and seed, children — and you are like them; and it was not for any Messenger, from among them, that he should bring a sign, save by God’s leave, because they are servants enthralled ˹by Him˺. For every term, period, there is a Book, wherein is inscribed its delimitation.
القرآن:١٣:٣٨

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلًا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ أَزْوَاجًا وَذُرِّيَّةً ۚ وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولٍ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِآيَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ۗ لِكُلِّ أَجَلٍ كِتَابٌ  

ونزل لما عيروه بكثرة النساء: {ولقد أرسلنا رسلا من قبلك وجعلنا لهم أزواجا وذرية} أولادا وأنت مثلهم {وما كان لرسول} منهم {أن يأتي بآية إلا بإذن الله} لأنهم عبيد مربوبون {لكل أجل} مدة {كتاب} مكتوب فيه تحديده.
quran:13:39

Allah eliminates what He wills or confirms, and with Him is the Mother of the Book.  

God effaces, of it ˹the Book˺, whatever He will and He fixes (read yuthbit or yuthabbit), therein whatever He will of rulings or other matters, and with Him is the Mother of the Book, its ˹source of˺ origin, of which nothing is ever changed, and which consists of what He inscribed in pre-eternity (azal).
القرآن:١٣:٣٩

يَمْحُو اللَّهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَيُثْبِتُ ۖ وَعِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ  

{يمحو الله} منه {ما يشاء ويثبت} بالتخفيف والتشديد فيه ما يشاء من الأحكام وغيرها {وعنده أم الكتاب} أصله الذي لا يتغير منه شيء وهو ما كتبه في الأزل.
quran:13:40

And whether We show you part of what We promise them or take you in death, upon you is only the ˹duty of˺ notification, and upon Us is the account.  

And whether (˹read as˺ immā: the nūn of the conditional particle in, ‘whether’, has been assimiliated with the extra mā) We show you a part of that which We promise them, of chastisement, during your lifetime (the response of the conditional statement has been omitted, in other words ˹understand it as being˺, fadhāk ˹‘then so shall it be’˺); or We take you ˹to Us˺, before chastising them; it is for you only to convey ˹the Message˺, your duty is only to deliver ˹the Message˺, and it is for Us to do the reckoning, when they finally come to Us, whereupon We shall requite them.
القرآن:١٣:٤٠

وَإِنْ مَا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعْضَ الَّذِي نَعِدُهُمْ أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلَاغُ وَعَلَيْنَا الْحِسَابُ  

{وإما} فيه إدغام نون إن الشرطية في ما المزيدة {نرينك بعض الذي نعدهم} به من العذاب من حياتك وجواب الشرط محذوف أي فذاك {أو نتوفينك} قبل تعذيبهم {فإنما عليك البلاغ} ما عليك إلا التبليغ {وعلينا الحساب} إذا صاروا إلينا فنجازيهم.
quran:13:41

Have they not seen that We set upon the land, reducing it from its borders? And Allah decides; there is no adjuster of His decision. And He is swift in account.  

Or is it that they, the people of Mecca, have not seen how We visit the land, ˹how˺ We target their land, diminishing it at its outlying regions?, by giving victory to the Prophet (s). And God judges, among His creatures as He will; there is none that can repel His judgement and He is swift at reckoning.
القرآن:١٣:٤١

أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا نَأْتِي الْأَرْضَ نَنْقُصُهَا مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا ۚ وَاللَّهُ يَحْكُمُ لَا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكْمِهِ ۚ وَهُوَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ  

{أو لم يروْا} أي أهل مكة {أنا نأتي الأرض} نقصد أرضهم {ننقصها من أطرافها} بالفتح على النبي ﷺ {والله يحكم} في خلقه بما يشاء {لا مُعَقّب} لا راد {لحكمه وهو سريع الحساب}.
quran:13:42

And those before them had plotted, but to Allah belongs the plan entirely. He knows what every soul earns, and the disbelievers will know for whom is the final home.  

And indeed those that were before them, of communities, plotted, against their prophets just as they plot against you; but to God belongs all plotting. And nor is their plotting like the plotting of God, for, exalted be He, He knows what every soul earns, and so its requital is prepared for it, and this is the ultimate plotting, since He brings it to them whence they are not aware. The disbeliever (the genus is meant here; a variant reading has kuffār ˹‘the disbelievers’˺) shall assuredly know for whom shall be the sequel of the ˹heavenly˺ Abode, that is, the praiseworthy sequel in the abode of the Hereafter: will it be theirs or that of the Prophet (s) and his Companions?
القرآن:١٣:٤٢

وَقَدْ مَكَرَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَلِلَّهِ الْمَكْرُ جَمِيعًا ۖ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْسِبُ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ۗ وَسَيَعْلَمُ الْكُفَّارُ لِمَنْ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ  

{وقد مكر الذين من قبلهم} من الأمم بأنبيائهم كما مكروا بك {فلله المكر جميعا} وليس مكرهم كمكره لأنه تعالى {يعلم ما تكسب كل نفس} فيعد لها جزاءه وهذا هو المكر كله لأنه يأتيهم به من حيث لا يشعرون {وسيعلم الكافر} المراد به الجنس وفي قراءة الكفار {لمن عقبى الدار} أي العاقبة المحمودة في الدار الآخرة ألهم أم للنبي ﷺ وأصحابه.
quran:13:43

And those who have disbelieved say, "You are not a messenger." Say, ˹O Muhammad˺, "Sufficient is Allah as Witness between me and you, and ˹the witness of˺ whoever has knowledge of the Scripture."  

And those who disbelieve say, to you: ‘You have not been sent ˹by God˺!’ Say, to them: ‘God suffices as a witness between me and you, to my truthfulness ˹as a messenger˺, and he who possesses knowledge of the Book’, from among the Christian and Jewish believers. Meccan, except for the two verses 28 and 29, which are Medinese; it consists of 52, 54 or 55 verses. (Ibrâhîm)
القرآن:١٣:٤٣

وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَسْتَ مُرْسَلًا ۚ قُلْ كَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ وَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ الْكِتَابِ  

{ويقول الذين كفروا} لك {لست مرسلا قل} لهم {كفى بالله شهيدا بيني وبينكم} على صدقي {ومن عنده علم الكتاب} من مؤمني اليهود والنصارى.