31. Inheritance (3/3)
٣١۔ كِتَابُ الْفَرَائِضِ ص ٣
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade selling or giving away the right to inheritance by a manumitted slave. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2919)
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلَاءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ»
31.34 [Machine] The gift of loyalty
٣١۔٣٤ هِبَةُ الْوَلَاءِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade selling or giving away the right to inheritance by a manumitted slave. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2919)
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلَاءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ»
31.35 [Machine] Brotherhood and Alliance
٣١۔٣٥ الْأُخُوَّةُ وَالْحِلْفِ
"To those also, to whom your right hand was pledged, give your portion." When the Emigrants came to Medina. they inherited from the Helpers without any blood-relationship with them for the brotherhood which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ established between them. When the following verse was revealed: "To (benefit) everyone we have appointed shares and heirs to property left by parent and relatives." it abrogated the verse: "To those also, to whom your right hand was pledged, give their due portion." This alliance was made for help, well wishing and cooperation. Now a legacy can be made for him. (The right to)inheritance was abolished. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2922)
فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء 33] قَالَ كَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ تُورِثُ الْأَنْصَارَ دُونَ رَحِمِهِ لِلْأُخُوَّةِ الَّتِي آخَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهُمْ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ {وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوَالِيَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ الْوَالِدَانِ وَالْأَقْرَبُونَ} [النساء 33] قَالَ نَسَخَتْهَا {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء 33] مِنَ النَّصْرِ وَالنَّصِيحَةِ وَالرِّفَادَةِ وَيُوصِي لَهُ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الْمِيرَاثُ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: There is no alliance in Islam, and Islam strengthened the alliance made during pre-Islamic days. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2925)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا حِلْفَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَيُّمَا حِلْفٍ كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَإِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ لَمْ يَزِدْهُ إِلَّا شِدَّةً»
31.36 [Machine] Whoever has no guardian
٣١۔٣٦ مَنْ لَا مَوْلَى لَهُ
[Machine] The messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever leaves behind a debt or loss, it is to be repaid to me. And whoever leaves behind wealth, it belongs to his heirs. I am the guardian of the one who has no guardian, and I will use his intellect and inherit his wealth. The paternal uncle is the guardian of the one who has no guardian, and he will turn away from him and inherit his wealth."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنًا أَوْ ضَيَاعًا فَإِلَيَّ وَمَنْ تَرَكَ مَالًا فَهُوَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ وَأَنَا وَلِيُّ مَنْ لَا وَلِيَّ لَهُ أَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَأَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَالْخَالُ وَلِيُّ مَنْ لَا وَلِيَّ لَهُ يَفُكُّ عَنْوَهُ وَيَرِثُ مَالَهُ»
31.37 [Machine] The inheritance of the illegitimate child
٣١۔٣٧ مِيرَاثُ اللَّقِيطِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A woman is entitled to three inheritances: her freed slave, her illegitimate child, and her child from whom she is cursed."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «تُحْرِزُ الْمَرْأَةُ ثَلَاثَةَ مَوَارِيثَ عَتِيقَهَا وَلَقِيطَهَا وَوَلَدَهَا الَّذِي تُلَاعِنُ عَلَيْهِ»