33. The Found
٣٣۔ كِتَابُ اللُّقَطَةِ
A Muslim is a Muslim’s brother: he does not wrong him or abandon him. If anyone cares for his brother’s need, Allah will care for his need ; if anyone removes a Muslim’s anxiety, Allah will remove from him, on account of it, one of the anxieties of the Day of resurrection ; and if anyone conceals a Muslim’s fault, Allah will conceal his fault on the Day of resurrection. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4893)
أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ لَا يَظْلِمُهُ وَلَا يُسْلِمُهُ مَنْ كَانَ فِي حَاجَةِ أَخِيهِ كَانَ اللهُ فِي حَاجَتِهِ وَمَنْ فَرَّجَ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ كُرْبَةً فَرَّجَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِهَا كُرْبَةً مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمَنْ سَتَرَ عَلَى مُسْلِمٍ سَتَرَهُ اللهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
[Machine] "Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ , he said: Whoever leaves behind wealth, it belongs to his inheritors, and whoever leaves behind debt, it is upon us."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالًا فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ وَمَنْ تَرَكَ كَلًّا فَإِلَيْنَا
[Machine] And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I am the closest of all people to the believers in the Book of Allah. So, whoever leaves behind a debt or inheritance, let them call upon me for help. I am their guardian. And whoever leaves behind wealth, they should prefer their family over it."
وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَا أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ فَأَيُّكُمْ مَا تَرَكَ دَيْنًا أَوْ ضَيْعَةً فَادْعُونِي؛ فَإِنِّي وَلِيُّهُ وَأَيُّكُمْ مَا تَرَكَ مَالًا فَلْيُؤْثِرْ بِمَالِهِ عَصَبَتَهُ مَنْ كَانَ
[Machine] Then Umar read this verse: "Indeed, Allah has purchased from the believers their lives and their properties [in exchange] for that they will have Paradise." [Quran 9:111] He then said, "Allah has given both of these transactions to him (the believer). And by Allah, if it were not for Allah extending His provisions to you from His treasures beforehand, I would have taken the wealth of this man for his own benefit and for his family. But I have divided it among the poor emigrants."
ثُمَّ قَرَأَ عُمَرُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {إِنَّ اللهَ اشْتَرَى مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ} [التوبة 111] الْآيَةَ فَجَعَلَ لَهُ الصَّفْقَتَيْنِ جَمِيعًا وَاللهِ لَوْلَا أَنَّ اللهَ أَمَدَّكُمْ بِخَزَائِنَ مِنْ قِبَلِهِ لَأَخَذْتُ فَضْلَ مَالِ الرَّجُلِ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَعِيَالِهِ فَقَسَمْتُهُ بَيْنَ فُقَرَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ
[Machine] So he heard the sound of a newborn baby crying until he went to him, and there was his mother with him. He said to her, "What is the matter with you?" She said, "I came to this market for something I needed, and labor came upon me, and I gave birth to a boy." He said, "And is she next to the house of a people in the market?" He said, "Has anyone from the people of this house noticed you?" He said, "May God not bless the people of this house. If I had known that they noticed you and did not help you, I would have done something to them and done something else." Then he prayed for her with a drink of saouak and said, "Drink this, it cuts off hunger, protects the stomach, and strengthens the veins." Then we entered the mosque and he prayed with the people. As-Sa'q said, "Azhar informed me from Fil, who said, "If I had known that they noticed you and did not help you with anything, I would have burned them."
فَسَمِعَ صَوْتَ صَبِيٍّ مَوْلُودٍ يَبْكِي حَتَّى قَامَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا عِنْدَهُ أُمُّهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا شَأْنُكِ؟ قَالَتْ جِئْتُ إِلَى هَذَا السُّوقِ لِبَعْضِ الْحَاجَةِ فَعَرَضَ لِيَ الْمَخَاضُ فَوَلَدَتْ غُلَامًا قَالَ وَهِيَ إِلَى جَنْبِ دَارِ قَوْمٍ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَالَ هَلْ شَعَرَ بِكِ أَحَدٌ مِنَ أَهْلِ هَذِهِ الدَّارِ؟ وَقَالَ مَا ضَيَّعَ اللهُ أَهْلَ هَذِهِ الدَّارِ أَمَا أَنِّي لَوْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُمْ شَعَرُوا بِكِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنْفَعُوكِ فَعَلْتُ بِهِمْ وَفَعَلْتُ ثُمَّ دَعَا لَهَا بِشَرْبَةِ سَوِيقٍ فَقَالَ اشْرَبِي هَذِهِ تَقْطَعُ الْحَشَا وَتَعْصِمُ الْأَمْعَاءَ وَتُدِرُّ الْعُرُوقَ ثُمَّ دَخَلْنَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ قَالَ الصَّعْقُ حَدَّثَنِي أَزْهَرُ عَنْ فِيلٍ قَالَ وَلَوْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُمْ شَعَرُوا بِكِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنْفَعُوكِ بِشَيْءٍ لَحَرَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ
[Machine] "Omar, go, for he is free and his loyalty is for you, and his expenses are upon us from the treasury. This is a summarized narration from Ash-Shafi'i and Abdullah bin Razzaq that he took someone who was expelled and brought him to Omar, so Omar said to him, he is free and his loyalty is for you, and his expenses are upon us from the treasury."
عُمَرُ اذْهَبْ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ وَلَكَ وَلَاؤُهُ وَعَلَيْنَا نَفَقَتُهُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَحَدِيثُ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ مُخْتَصَرًا أَنَّهُ الْتَقَطَ مَنْبُوذًا فَجَاءَ بِهِ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ هُوَ حُرٌّ وَوَلَاؤُهُ لَكَ وَنَفَقَتُهُ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ
[Machine] Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ came to realize that he had gone out during the year of the Conquest, and he informed him that he had found him ostracized during the caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab. So he took him, and said, "This was mentioned by an informant." When Umar saw me, he said, "Perhaps you have done something wrong to cause you to take this soul?" I said, "I found it lost, so I took it." The informant said, "Indeed, he is a righteous man." Umar said, "In that case, take him, for he is free and his loyalty belongs to you, and his provision is on us."
أَنَّهُ أَدْرَكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ خَرَجَ مَعَهُ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ وَجَدَ مَنْبُوذًا فِي خِلَافَةِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَأَخَذَهُ قَالَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ عَرِيفِيٌّ فَلَمَّا رَآنِي عُمَرُ قَالَ عَسَى الْغُوَيْرُ أَبْؤُسًا مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَخْذِكَ هَذِهِ النَّسَمَةَ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَجَدْتُهَا ضَائِعَةً فَأَخَذْتُهَا فَقَالَ عَرِيفِيٌّ إِنَّهُ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ قَالَ كَذَلِكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَاذْهَبْ بِهِ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ وَلَكَ وَلَاؤُهُ وَعَلَيْنَا نَفَقَتُهُ