80. Sūrat ʿAbasa

٨٠۔ سُورَةُ عَبَس

Qurʾān > Chapter 80 > Section 1
القرآن > كتاب ٨٠ > باب ١

80.1 The seekers of guidance should be given preference in conveying God's message.

٨٠۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ عَبَس

quran:80:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

The Prophet frowned and turned away  

He, the Prophet, frowned, glowered with his face, and turned away,
القرآن:٨٠:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ  

{عبس} النبي: كلح وجهه {وتولى} أعرضَ لأجل:
quran:80:2 –

Because there came to him the blind man, ˹interrupting˺.  

because the blind man came to him: ‘Abd Allāh son of Umm Maktūm, who interrupted him while he was busy with those notables of Quryash whose submission ˹to God˺ he was very eager for. The blind man was not aware that he was busy with these and so he called out to him, ‘Teach me of what God has taught you’. However, the Prophet (s) went off to his house. He was then reproached for this with what was revealed in this sūra. Afterwards, whenever he came to him, the Prophet would say to him, ‘Greetings to him on whose account God reproached me!’, and would lay down his cloak for him.
القرآن:٨٠:٢ –

أَنْ جَاءَهُ الْأَعْمَىٰ  

(أن جاءه الأعمى) عبد الله بن أم مكتوم فقطعه عما هو مشغول به ممن يرجو إسلامه من أشراف قريش الذين هو حريص على إسلامهم، ولم يدر الأعمى أنه مشغول بذلك فناداه: علمني مما علمك الله، فانصرف النبي ﷺ إلى بيته فعوتب في ذلك بما نزل في هذه السورة، فكان بعد ذلك يقول له إذا جاء: "" مرحبا بمن عاتبني فيه ربي "" ويبسط له رداءه.
quran:80:3 –

But what would make you perceive, ˹O Muhammad˺, that perhaps he might be purified  

And how would you know? Perhaps he would cleanse himself (yazzakkā: the original tā’ ˹of yatazakkā˺ has been assimilated with the zāy), that is, ˹perhaps˺ he would purge himself of sins by what he hears from you,
القرآن:٨٠:٣ –

وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ يَزَّكَّىٰ  

{وما يُدريك} يعلمك {لعله يزكى} فيه إدغام التاء في الأصل في الزاي، أي يتطهر من الذنوب بما يسمع منك.
quran:80:4 –

Or be reminded and the remembrance would benefit him?  

or be admonished (yadhdhakkar: the original tā’ ˹of yatadhakkar˺ has been assimilated with the dhāl) and so the reminder, the admonition heard from you, might benefit him (a variant reading ˹for tanfa‘uhu˺ has tanfa‘ahu as the response to the optative statement).
القرآن:٨٠:٤ –

أَوْ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنْفَعَهُ الذِّكْرَىٰ  

{أو يذكَّر} فيه إدغام التاء في الأصل في الذال أي يتعظ {فتنفعُه الذكرى} العظة المسموعة منك وفي قراءة بنصب تنفعه جواب الترجي.
quran:80:5 –

As for he who thinks himself without need,  

But as for the one ˹who thinks himself˺ self-sufficient, through wealth,
القرآن:٨٠:٥ –

أَمَّا مَنِ اسْتَغْنَىٰ  

{أما من استغنى} بالمال.
quran:80:6 –

To him you give attention.  

to him you ˹do˺ attend (tasaddā: a variant reading has tassaddā, where the original second tā’ ˹of tatasaddā˺ has been assimilated with the sād), ˹him˺ you accept and turn your attention to;
القرآن:٨٠:٦ –

فَأَنْتَ لَهُ تَصَدَّىٰ  

{فأنت له تصدى} وفي قراءة بتشديد الصاد بإدغام التاء الثانية في الأصل فيها: تقبل وتتعرض.
quran:80:7 –

And not upon you ˹is any blame˺ if he will not be purified.  

yet it is not your concern if he does not cleanse himself, ˹if he does not˺ believe.
القرآن:٨٠:٧ –

وَمَا عَلَيْكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ  

{وما عليك ألا يزكى} يؤمن.
quran:80:8 –

But as for he who came to you striving ˹for knowledge˺  

But as for him who comes to you hurrying (yas‘ā is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of ˹the verb˺ jā’a, ‘comes’)
القرآن:٨٠:٨ –

وَأَمَّا مَنْ جَاءَكَ يَسْعَىٰ  

{وأما من جاءك يسعى} حال من فاعل جاء.
quran:80:9 –

While he fears ˹Allah˺,  

fearful, of God (wa-huwa yakhshā is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of ˹the verb˺ yas‘ā, ‘hurrying’) — this being the blind man —
القرآن:٨٠:٩ –

وَهُوَ يَخْشَىٰ  

{وهو يخشى} الله حال من فاعل يسعى وهو الأعمى.
quran:80:10 –

From him you are distracted.  

to him you pay no heed (talahhā: the original second tā’ ˹of tatalahhā˺ has been omitted), that is to say, from him you are distracted ˹by other things˺.
القرآن:٨٠:١٠ –

فَأَنْتَ عَنْهُ تَلَهَّىٰ  

{فأنت عنه تَلَهَّى} فيه حذف التاء الأخرى في الأصل أي تتشاغل.
quran:80:11 –

No! Indeed, these verses are a reminder;  

No indeed!, do not behave like this. Truly it, the sūra, is, or the verses ˹are˺, a reminder, an admonition for ˹all˺ creatures —
القرآن:٨٠:١١ –

كَلَّا إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ  

{كلا} لا تفعل مثل ذلك {إنها} أي السورة أو الآيات {تذكرة} عظة للخلق.
quran:80:12 –

So whoever wills may remember it.  

so let whoever will, remember it, preserve it ˹in his memory˺ and thus be admonished by it —
القرآن:٨٠:١٢ –

فَمَنْ شَاءَ ذَكَرَهُ  

{فمن شاء ذكره} حفظ ذلك فاتعظ به.
quran:80:13 –

˹It is recorded˺ in honored sheets,  

on leaves (fī suhufin is the second predicate of innahā, ‘truly it’, and what precedes it is a parenthetical statement) ˹that are˺ honoured, by God,
القرآن:٨٠:١٣ –

فِي صُحُفٍ مُكَرَّمَةٍ  

{في صحف} خبر ثان لأنها وما قبله اعتراض {مكرمة} عند الله.
quran:80:14 –

Exalted and purified,  

elevated, in the heavens, purified, exalted above the touch of devils,
القرآن:٨٠:١٤ –

مَرْفُوعَةٍ مُطَهَّرَةٍ  

{مرفوعة} في السماء {مطهرة} منزهة عن مس الشياطين.
quran:80:15 –

˹Carried˺ by the hands of messenger-angels,  

in the hands of scribes, who write it down from the Preserved Tablet,
القرآن:٨٠:١٥ –

بِأَيْدِي سَفَرَةٍ  

{بأيدي سفرة} كتبة ينسخونها من اللوح المحفوظ.
quran:80:16 –

Noble and dutiful.  

noble, pious, obedient to God, exalted be He: these being the angels.
القرآن:٨٠:١٦ –

كِرَامٍ بَرَرَةٍ  

{كرام بررة} مطيعين لله تعالى وهم الملائكة.