6. Book of Righteousness and Excellence (Iḥsān) (2)
٦۔ كِتَابُ الْبِرِّ وَالْإِحْسَانِ
ذِكْرُ حَثِّ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي قُبِضَ فِيهِ أُمَّتَهُ عَلَى صِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ
[Machine] The messenger of Allah ﷺ said during his illness, "Your womb is your womb."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِي مَرَضِهِ «أَرْحَامَكُمْ أَرْحَامَكُمْ»
ذِكْرُ إِيجَابِ دُخُولِ الْجَنَّةِ لِلْوَاصِلِ رَحِمَهُ إِذَا قَرَنَهُ بِسَائِرِ الْعِبَادَاتِ
[Machine] He informed him that an Arab man approached the Prophet ﷺ , so he took hold of his camel's reins and said, "O Messenger of Allah, inform me of an action that will enter me into Paradise and save me from the fire?" The Prophet ﷺ then looked at the faces of his companions, let go of the camel's reins, and said, "You have been blessed or guided; do not associate anything with Allah, establish the prayer, give the obligatory charity, and maintain ties of kinship. Leave the camel!"
أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا عَرَضَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَخَذَ بِزِمَامِ نَاقَتِهِ فقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي بِأَمْرٍ يُدْخِلُنِي الْجَنَّةَ وَيُنْجِينِي مِنَ النَّارِ؟ قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى وُجُوهِ أَصْحَابِهِ وَكَفَّ عَنْ نَاقَتِهِ وَقَالَ «لَقَدْ وُفِّقَ أَوْ هُدِيَ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ دَعِ النَّاقَةَ! »
ذِكْرُ إِثْبَاتِ طِيبِ الْعَيْشِ فِي الْأَمْنِ، وَكَثْرَةِ الْبَرَكَةِ فِي الرِّزْقِ لِلْوَاصِلِ رَحِمَهُ
Anyone who is pleased that his sustenance is expanded and his age extended should do kindness to his near relatives. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1693)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُنْسَأَ لَهُ فِي أَجَلِهِ وَيُبْسَطَ لَهُ فِي رِزْقِهِ فَلْيَصِلْ رَحِمَهُ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ طِيبَ الْعَيْشِ فِي الْأَمْنِ، وَكَثْرَةِ الْبَرَكَةِ فِي الرِّزْقِ لِلْوَاصِلِ رَحِمَهُ، إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ إِذَا قَرَنَهُ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ
Anyone who is pleased that his sustenance is expanded and his age extended should do kindness to his near relatives. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1693)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُبْسَطَ لَهُ فِي رِزْقِهِ وَيُنْسَأَ لَهُ فِي أَجَلِهِ فَلْيَتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَلْيَصِلْ رَحِمَهُ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الدَّالِّ عَلَى صِحَّةِ مَا تَأَوَّلْنَا خَبَرَ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الَّذِي تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُنَا لَهُ
[Machine] "Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ said: 'Verily, the fastest of all actions in rewarding is maintaining family ties, such that even the people of a household can be considered as kindling, and their wealth and population will increase as long as they maintain these ties. And there is no household that maintains their ties and experiences neediness.'"
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ أَعْجَلَ الطَّاعَةِ ثَوَابًا صِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ حَتَّى إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ لِيَكُونُوا فَجَرَةً فَتَنْمُو أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَيَكْثُرُ عَدَدُهُمْ إِذَا تَوَاصَلُوا وَمَا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ يَتَوَاصَلَونَ فَيَحْتَاجُونَ»
ذِكْرُ تَعَوُّذِ الرَّحِمِ بِالْبَارِي جَلَّ وَعَلَا عِنْدَ خَلْقِهِ إِيَّاهَا مِنَ الْقَطِيعَةِ، وإخْبَارِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا إِيَّاهَا بِوَصْلِ مَنْ وَصَلَهَا وَقَطْعِ مَنْ قَطَعَهَا
Verily Allah created the universe and when He had finished that, ties of relationship came forward and said This is the place for him who seeks refuge from severing (of blood-relationship). He said: Yes. Are you not satisfied that I should keep relationship with one who joins your ties of relationship and sever it with one who severs your (ties of relationship)? They (the ties of blood) said: Certainly so. Thereupon He said: Well, that is how things are for you. Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said: Recite if you like:" But if you turn away you are sure to make mischief in the land and cut off the ties of kinship. Those it is whom Allah has cursed, so He has made them deaf and blinded their eyes. Do they not reflect on the Qur'an? Or, are there locks on their hearts?". (Using translation from Muslim 2554)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ الرَّحِمَ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ قَامَتِ الرَّحِمُ فَقَالَتْ هَذَا مَقَامُ الْعَائِذِينَ مِنَ الْقَطِيعَةِ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَلَا تَرْضَيْنَ أَنْ أَصِلَ مَنْ وَصَلَكِ وَأَقْطَعَ مَنْ قَطَعَكِ؟ قَالَتْ بَلَى قَالَ فَهُوَ لَكِ» قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «وَاقْرَؤُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ {فَهَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ أَنْ تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَتُقَطِّعُوا أَرْحَامَكُمْ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَأَصَمَّهُمْ وَأَعْمَى أَبْصَارَهُمْ}»
ذِكْرُ تَشَكِّي الرَّحِمِ إِلَى اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا مَنْ قَطَعَهَا، وَأَسَاءَ إِلَيْهَا
[Machine] "From the Prophet ﷺ , he said: 'The womb (kinship) is a branch rooted in the Throne of the Most Merciful. It says: Oh Lord, I am cut off, so I seek to be reconciled. Her Lord replies to her: Wouldn't you be pleased that I reconcile with those who reconcile with you, and I cut off those who cut you off?'"
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «الرَّحِمُ شِجْنَةٌ مِنَ الرَّحْمَنِ مُعَلَّقَةٌ بِالْعَرْشِ تَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ إِنِّي قُطِعْتُ إِنِّي أُسِيءَ إِلَيَّ فَيُجِيبُهَا رَبُّهَا أَمَا تَرْضَيْنَ أَنْ أَقْطَعَ مَنْ قَطَعَكِ وَأَصِلَ مَنْ وَصَلَكِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ «الرَّحِمُ شِجْنَةٌ مِنَ الرَّحْمَنِ» أَرَادَ أَنَّهَا مُشْتَقَّةٌ مِنِ اسْمِ الرَّحْمَنِ
I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: Allah the Exalted has said: I am Compassionate, and this has been derived from mercy. I have derived its name from My name. If anyone joins it, I shall join him, and if anyone cuts it off, I shall cut him off. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1694)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ « قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى أَنَا الرَّحْمَنُ خَلَقْتُ الرَّحِمَ وَشَقَقْتُ لَهَا اسْمًا مِنِ اسْمِي فَمَنْ وَصَلَهَا وَصَلْتُهُ وَمَنْ قَطَعَهَا بَتَتُّهُ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ تَشَكِّي الرَّحِمِ الَّذِي وَصَفْنَا قَبْلُ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ لَا فِي الدُّنْيَا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Verily, kinship is a branch from the Most Merciful, so when it is the Day of Resurrection, it will say, 'O Lord, I have been wronged, I have been treated badly, I have been cut off.' Then, its Lord will respond to it, 'Would it not please you that I cut off those who have cut you off, and join together those who have joined you?'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ الرَّحِمَ شِجْنَةٌ مِنَ الرَّحْمَنِ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ» تَقُولُ أَيْ رَبِّ إِنِّي ظُلِمْتُ إِنِّي أُسِيءَ إِلَيَّ إِنِّي قُطِعْتُ قَالَ فَيُجِيبُهَا رَبُّهَا «أَلَا تَرْضَيْنَ أَنْ أَقْطَعَ مَنْ قَطَعَكِ وَأَصِلَ مَنْ وَصَلَكِ»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ الْوَاصِلِ رَحِمَهُ الَّذِي يَقَعُ عَلَيْهِ اسْمُ الْوَاصِلِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Kinship is connected to the Throne, and the one who maintains kinship is not the one who reciprocates, but the one whose ties of kinship remain even if they are severed."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ « الرَّحِمُ مُعَلَّقَةٌ بِالْعَرْشِ وَلَيْسَ الْوَاصِلُ بِالْمُكَافِئِ وَلَكِنَّ الْوَاصِلَ الَّذِي إِذَا انْقَطَعَتْ رَحِمُهُ وَصَلَهَا»
ذِكْرُ إِيجَابِ الْجَنَّةِ لِمَنِ اتَّقَى اللَّهَ فِي الْأَخَوَاتِ، وَأَحْسَنَ صُحْبَتَهُنَّ
the Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever has three daughters, or three sisters, or two daughters, or two sisters and he keeps good company with them and fears Allah regarding them, then Paradise is for him. (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1916)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ ثَلَاثُ بَنَاتٍ أَوْ ثَلَاثُ أَخَوَاتٍ أَوِ ابْنَتَانِ أَوْ أُخْتَانِ فَأَحْسَنَ صُحْبَتَهُنَّ وَاتَّقَى اللَّهَ فِيهِنَّ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ»
ذِكْرُ الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي بِصُحْبَتِهِ إِيَّاهُنَّ يُعْطَى هَذَا الْأَجْرَ لَهُ بِهَا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever raises two daughters or two sisters or three daughters or three sisters until he builds for them or passes away while taking care of them, I and he will be like [these two fingers] in paradise." And he pointed with his middle finger and the one next to it.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ عَالَ ابْنَتَيْنِ أَوْ أُخْتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا أَوْ أُخْتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا حَتَّى يَبِنَّ أَوْ يَمُوتَ عَنْهُنَّ كُنْتُ أَنَا وَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ كَهَاتَيْنِ وَأَشَارَ بِأُصْبَعِهِ الْوُسْطَى وَالَّتِي تَلِيهَا»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْإِحْسَانَ إِلَى الْأَوْلَادِ قَدْ يُرْتَجَى بِهِ النَّجَاةُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَدُخُولُ الْجَنَّةِ
A poor woman came to me along with her daughters. I gave her three dates. She gave a date to each of them and then she took up one date and brought that to her mouth in order to eat that, but her daughters expressed desire to eat it. She then divided the date that she intended to eat between them. This (kind) treatment of her impressed me and I mentioned that which she did to Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Thereupon he said: Verily Allah has assured Paradise for her, because of (this act) of her, or He has rescued her from Hell-Fire. (Using translation from Muslim 2630)
جَاءَتْنِي مِسْكِينَةٌ تَحْمِلُ ابْنَتَيْنِ لَهَا فَأَطْعَمْتُهَا ثَلَاثَ تَمَرَاتٍ فَأَعْطَتْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا تَمْرَةً وَرَفَعَتْ إِلَى فِيهَا تَمْرَةً لِتَأْكُلَهَا فَاسْتَطْعَمَتَاهَا ابْنَتَاهَا فَشَقَّتِ التَّمْرَةَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَأْكُلَهَا بَيْنَهُمَا فَأَعْجَبَنِي حَنَانُهَا فَذَكَرْتُ الَّذِي صَنَعَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فقَالَ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَوْجَبَ لَهَا الْجَنَّةَ وَأَعْتَقَهَا بِهَا مِنَ النَّارِ»
ذِكْرُ وَصِيَّةِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ بِصِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ، وَإِنْ قُطِعَتْ
[Machine] My friend (Prophet Muhammad) advised me with qualities of goodness. He advised me to not look at those who are above me, but to look at those who are below me. He advised me to love the poor and the needy, and to maintain my family ties even if they turn away. He advised me to not fear the blame of others in the eyes of Allah, and to speak the truth even if it is difficult. He advised me to frequently say "There is no power or strength except with Allah", as it is a treasure from the treasures of paradise.
أَوْصَانِي خَلِيلِي ﷺ بِخِصَالٍ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ أَوْصَانِي «بِأَنْ لَا أَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ فَوْقِي وَأَنْ أَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ دُونِي وَأَوْصَانِي بِحُبِّ الْمَسَاكِينِ وَالدُّنُوِّ مِنْهُمْ وَأَوْصَانِي أَنْ أَصِلَ رَحِمِي وَإِنْ أَدْبَرَتْ وَأَوْصَانِي أَنْ لَا أَخَافَ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ وَأَوْصَانِي أَنْ أَقُولَ الْحَقَّ وَإِنْ كَانَ مُرًّا وَأَوْصَانِي أَنْ أُكْثِرَ مِنْ قَوْلِ لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ فَإِنَّهَا كَنْزٌ مِنْ كُنُوزِ الْجَنَّةِ»
ذِكْرُ مَعُونَةِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا الْوَاصِلَ رَحِمَهُ إِذَا قَطَعَتْهُ
[Machine] Narrated Abu Huraira: A man came to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have relatives whom I maintain ties with, but they sever ties with me and treat me badly, while I am kind to them and overlook their mistreatment. They also act ignorant towards me." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If what you say is true, then it is as if you are pouring hot ashes on them, and as long as you continue to do so, Allah will continue to support you against them openly."
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ أَتَى رَجُلٌ فقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِي قَرَابَةً أَصِلُهُمْ وَيَقْطَعُونِي وَيُسِيئُونَ إِلَيَّ وَأُحْسِنُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَيَجْهَلُونَ عَلَيَّ وَأَحْلُمُ عَنْهُمْ فقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَئِنْ كَانَ كَمَا تَقُولُ فَكَأَنَّمَا تُسِفُّهُمُ الْمَلَّ وَلَا يَزَالُ مَعَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ ظُهَيْرٌ مَا دُمْتَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ
Messenger of Allah, I have relatives with whom I try, to have close relationship, but they sever (this relation). I treat them well, but they treat me ill. I am sweet to them but they are harsh towards me. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: If it is so as you say, then you in fact throw hot ashes (upon their faces) and there would always remain with you on behalf of Allah (an Angel to support you) who would keep you dominant over them so long as you adhere to this (path of righteousness). (Using translation from Muslim 2558a)
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِي قَرَابَةً أَصِلُهُمْ وَيَقْطَعُونِي وَأُحْسِنُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَيُسِيئُونَ إِلَيَّ وَأَحْلُمُ عَنْهُمْ وَيَجْهَلُونَ عَلَيَّ فقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «لَئِنْ كَانَ كَمَا تَقُولُ لَكَأَنَّمَا تُسِفُّهُمُ الْمَلَّ وَلَا يَزَالُ مَعَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ ظُهَيْرٌ مَا دُمْتَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ»
ذِكْرُ الْإبَاحَةِ لِلْمَرْأَةِ وَصْلَ رَحِمِهَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ إِذَا طَمِعَ فِي إِسْلَامِهَا
[Machine] I heard Asma, the daughter of Abu Bakr, say, "My mother came from Mecca to Medina during the truce of Quraysh, and she was a polytheist." So I said, "O Prophet of Allah, indeed my mother came seeking."
سَمِعْتُ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ تَقُولُ قَدِمَتْ أُمِّي مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فِي هُدْنَةِ قُرَيْشٍ وَهِيَ مُشْرِكَةٌ فَقُلْتُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أُمِّي أَتَتْ رَاغِبَةً
ذِكْرُ الْإبَاحَةِ لِلْمَرْءِ صِلَةَ قَرَابَتِهِ مِنَ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ إِذَا طَمِعَ فِي إِسْلَامِهِمْ
[Machine] That Asmaa asked the Prophet peace be upon him about a mother who is a polytheist. She said: "She came to me seeking my help as a nun, and she wants me to establish relations with her." He said, "Yes."
أَنَّ أَسْمَاءَ سَأَلَتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ أُمٍّ لَهَا مُشْرِكَةٍ قَالَتْ جَاءَتْنِي رَاغِبَةً رَاهِبَةً أَصِلُهَا؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» *
ذِكْرُ نَفْيِ دُخُولِ الْجَنَّةِ عَنِ الْقَاطِعِ رَحِمَهُ
The Prophet ﷺ said: Anyone who cuts off relationship from his nearest relatives will not enter Paradise. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1696)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ قَاطَعٌ»
ذِكْرُ مَا يُتَوَقَّعُ مِنْ تَعْجِيلِ الْعُقُوبَةِ لِلْقَاطِعِ رَحِمَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا
The Prophet ﷺ said: There is no sin more fitted to have punishment meted out by Allah to its perpetrator in advance in this world along with what He stores up for him in the next world than oppression and severing ties of relationship. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4902)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا مِنْ ذَنْبٍ أَجْدَرُ أَنْ يُعَجِّلَ اللَّهُ لِصَاحِبِهِ الْعُقُوبَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا مَعَ مَا يَدَّخِرُ لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنَ الْبَغْيِ وَقَطِيعَةِ الرَّحِمِ»
ذِكْرُ تَعْجِيلِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا الْعُقُوبَةَ لِلْقَاطِعِ رَحِمَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا
The Prophet ﷺ said: There is no sin more fitted to have punishment meted out by Allah to its perpetrator in advance in this world along with what He stores up for him in the next world than oppression and severing ties of relationship. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4902)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَا مِنْ ذَنْبٍ أَحْرَى أَنْ يُعَجِّلَ اللَّهُ لِصَاحِبِهِ الْعُقُوبَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا مَعَ مَا يَدَّخِرُ لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ قَطِيعَةِ الرَّحِمِ وَالْبَغْيِ»