The Prophet ﷺ got married while he was in the state of Ihram.  

أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ تَزَوَّجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَهْوَ مُحْرِمٌ  

I said to Ibn ʿAbbas, "During the battle of Khaibar the Prophet ﷺ forbade (Nikah) Al-Mut'a and the eating of donkey's meat."  

لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُتْعَةِ وَعَنْ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الأَهْلِيَّةِ زَمَنَ خَيْبَرَ  

I heard Ibn ʿAbbas (giving a verdict) when he was asked about the Mut'a with the women, and he permitted it (Nikah-al-Mut'a). On that a freed slave of his said to him, "That is only when it is very badly needed and women are scarce." On that, Ibn ʿAbbas said, "Yes."  

لَهُ مَوْلًى لَهُ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ فِي الْحَالِ الشَّدِيدِ وَفِي النِّسَاءِ قِلَّةٌ أَوْ نَحْوَهُ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ نَعَمْ  

While we were in an army, Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to us and said, "You have been allowed to do the Mut'a (marriage), so do it."  

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَسَلَمَةَ بْنِ الأَكْوَعِ قَالاَ كُنَّا فِي جَيْشٍ فَأَتَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أُذِنَ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَسْتَمْتِعُوا فَاسْتَمْتِعُوا  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ's said, "If a man and a woman agree (to marry temporarily), their marriage should last for three nights, and if they like to continue, they can do so; and if they want to separate, they can do so." I do not know whether that was only for us or for all the people in general. Abu ʿAbdullah (Al-Bukhari) said: ʿAli made it clear that the Prophet said, "The Mut'a marriage has been cancelled (made unlawful).  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ وَامْرَأَةٍ تَوَافَقَا فَعِشْرَةُ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا ثَلاَثُ لَيَالٍ فَإِنْ أَحَبَّا أَنْ يَتَزَايَدَا أَوْ يَتَتَارَكَا تَتَارَكَا فَمَا أَدْرِي أَشَىْءٌ كَانَ لَنَا خَاصَّةً أَمْ لِلنَّاسِ عَامَّةً قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَبَيَّنَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ مَنْسُوخٌ  

I was with Anas while his daughter was present with him. Anas said, "A woman came to Allah's Apostle and presented herself to him, saying, 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, have you any need for me (i.e. would you like to marry me)?' "Thereupon Anas's daughter said, "What a shameless lady she was ! Shame! Shame!" Anas said, "She was better than you; she had a liking for the Prophet ﷺ so she presented herself for marriage to him."  

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَنَسٍ وَعِنْدَهُ ابْنَةٌ لَهُ قَالَ أَنَسٌ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَعْرِضُ عَلَيْهِ نَفْسَهَا قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَكَ بِي حَاجَةٌ فَقَالَتْ بِنْتُ أَنَسٍ مَا أَقَلَّ حَيَاءَهَا وَاسَوْأَتَاهْ وَاسَوْأَتَاهْ قَالَ هِيَ خَيْرٌ مِنْكِ رَغِبَتْ فِي النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَعَرَضَتْ عَلَيْهِ نَفْسَهَا  

A woman presented herself to the Prophet (for marriage). A man said to him, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! (If you are not in need of her) marry her to me." The Prophet ﷺ said, "What have you got?" The man said, "I have nothing." The Prophet ﷺ said (to him), "Go and search for something) even if it were an iron ring." The man went and returned saying, "No, I have not found anything, not even an iron ring; but this is my (Izar) waist sheet, and half of it is for her." He had no Rida' (upper garment). The Prophet ﷺ said, "What will she do with your waist sheet? If you wear it, she will have nothing over her; and if she wears it, you will have nothing over you." So the man sat down and when he had sat a long time, he got up (to leave). When the Prophet ﷺ saw him (leaving), he called him back, or the man was called (for him), and he said to the man, "How much of the Qur'an do you know (by heart)?" The man replied I know such Sura and such Sura (by heart)," naming the Suras The Prophet ﷺ said, "I have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an ."  

أَنَّ امْرَأَةً عَرَضَتْ نَفْسَهَا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ زَوِّجْنِيهَا فَقَالَ مَا عِنْدَكَ قَالَ مَا عِنْدِي شَىْءٌ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَالْتَمِسْ وَلَوْ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ فَذَهَبَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَقَالَ لاَ وَاللَّهِ مَا وَجَدْتُ شَيْئًا وَلاَ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ وَلَكِنْ هَذَا إِزَارِي وَلَهَا نِصْفُهُ قَالَ سَهْلٌ وَمَا لَهُ رِدَاءٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِإِزَارِكَ إِنْ لَبِسْتَهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ وَإِنْ لَبِسَتْهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ فَجَلَسَ الرَّجُلُ حَتَّى إِذَا طَالَ مَجْلَسُهُ قَامَ فَرَآهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَدَعَاهُ أَوْ دُعِي لَهُ فَقَالَ مَاذَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَقَالَ مَعِي سُورَةُ كَذَا وَسُورَةُ كَذَا لِسُوَرٍ يُعَدِّدُهَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَمْلَكْنَاكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

ʿUmar bin Al-Khattab said, "When Hafsa bint ʿUmar became a widow after the death of (her husband) Khunais bin Hudhafa As-Sahmi who had been one of the companions of the Prophet, and he died at Medina. I went to ʿUthman bin ʿAffan and presented Hafsa (for marriage) to him. He said, "I will think it over.' I waited for a few days, then he met me and said, 'It seems that it is not possible for me to marry at present.' " ʿUmar further said, "I met Abu Bakr As-Siddique and said to him, 'If you wish, I will marry my daughter Hafsa to you." Abu Bakr kept quiet and did not say anything to me in reply. I became more angry with him than with ʿUthman. I waited for a few days and then Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked for her hand, and I gave her in marriage to him. Afterwards I met Abu Bakr who said, 'Perhaps you became angry with me when you presented Hafsa to me and I did not give you a reply?' I said, 'Yes.' Abu Bakr said, 'Nothing stopped me to respond to your offer except that I knew that Allah's Apostle had mentioned her, and I never wanted to let out the secret of Messenger of Allah ﷺ. And if Allah's Apostle had refused her, I would have accepted her.' "  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ حِينَ تَأَيَّمَتْ حَفْصَةُ بِنْتُ عُمَرَ مِنْ خُنَيْسِ بْنِ حُذَافَةَ السَّهْمِيِّ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتُوُفِّيَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَتَيْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ فَعَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ حَفْصَةَ فَقَالَ سَأَنْظُرُ فِي أَمْرِي فَلَبِثْتُ لَيَالِيَ ثُمَّ لَقِيَنِي فَقَالَ قَدْ بَدَا لِي أَنْ لاَ أَتَزَوَّجَ يَوْمِي هَذَا قَالَ عُمَرُ فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ فَقُلْتُ إِنْ شِئْتَ زَوَّجْتُكَ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتَ عُمَرَ فَصَمَتَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَلَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلَىَّ شَيْئًا وَكُنْتُ أَوْجَدَ عَلَيْهِ مِنِّي عَلَى عُثْمَانَ فَلَبِثْتُ لَيَالِيَ ثُمَّ خَطَبَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَنْكَحْتُهَا إِيَّاهُ فَلَقِيَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ لَعَلَّكَ وَجَدْتَ عَلَىَّ حِينَ عَرَضْتَ عَلَىَّ حَفْصَةَ فَلَمْ أَرْجِعْ إِلَيْكَ شَيْئًا قَالَ عُمَرُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي أَنْ أَرْجِعَ إِلَيْكَ فِيمَا عَرَضْتَ عَلَىَّ إِلاَّ أَنِّي كُنْتُ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ ذَكَرَهَا فَلَمْ أَكُنْ لأُفْشِيَ سِرَّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَوْ تَرَكَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبِلْتُهَا  

Um Habiba said to Messenger of Allah ﷺ "We have heard that you want to marry Durra bint Abu-Salama." Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Can she be married along with Um Salama (her mother)? Even if I have not married Um Salama, she would not be lawful for me to marry, for her father is my foster brother."  

لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّا قَدْ تَحَدَّثْنَا أَنَّكَ نَاكِحٌ دُرَّةَ بِنْتَ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ لَوْ لَمْ أَنْكِحْ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ مَا حَلَّتْ لِي إِنَّ أَبَاهَا أَخِي مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ  

"Hint your intention of marrying' is made by saying (to the widow) for example: "I want to marry, and I wish that Allah will make a righteous lady available for me.' " Al-Qasim said: One may say to the widow: 'I hold all respect for you, and I am interested in you; Allah will bring you much good, or something similar 'Ata said: One should hint his intention, and should not declare it openly. One may say: 'I have some need. Have good tidings. Praise be to Allah; you are fit to remarry.' She (the widow) may say in reply: I am listening to what you say,' but she should not make a promise. Her guardian should not make a promise (to somebody to get her married to him) without her knowledge. But if, while still in the Iddat period, she makes a promise to marry somebody, and he ultimately marries her, they are not to be separated by divorce (i.e., the marriage is valid).  

وَقَالَ الْقَاسِمُ يَقُولُ إِنَّكِ عَلَىَّ كَرِيمَةٌ وَإِنِّي فِيكِ لَرَاغِبٌ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَسَائِقٌ إِلَيْكِ خَيْرًا أَوْ نَحْوَ هَذَا وَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ يُعَرِّضُ وَلاَ يَبُوحُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ لِي حَاجَةً وَأَبْشِرِي وَأَنْتِ بِحَمْدِ اللَّهِ نَافِقَةٌ وَتَقُولُ هِيَ قَدْ أَسْمَعُ مَا تَقُولُ وَلاَ تَعِدُ شَيْئًا وَلاَ يُوَاعِدُ وَلِيُّهَا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمِهَا وَإِنْ وَاعَدَتْ رَجُلاً فِي عِدَّتِهَا ثُمَّ نَكَحَهَا بَعْدُ لَمْ يُفَرَّقْ بَيْنَهُمَا وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ {لاَ تُوَاعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا} الزِّنَا وَيُذْكَرُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ {الْكِتَابُ أَجَلَهُ} تَنْقَضِي الْعِدَّةُ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said (to me), "You were shown to me in a dream. An angel brought you to me, wrapped in a piece of silken cloth, and said to me, 'This is your wife.' I removed the piece of cloth from your face, and there you were. I said to myself. 'If it is from Allah, then it will surely be.' "  

لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَأَيْتُكِ فِي الْمَنَامِ يَجِيءُ بِكِ الْمَلَكُ فِي سَرَقَةٍ مِنْ حَرِيرٍ فَقَالَ لِي هَذِهِ امْرَأَتُكَ فَكَشَفْتُ عَنْ وَجْهِكِ الثَّوْبَ فَإِذَا أَنْتِ هِيَ فَقُلْتُ إِنْ يَكُ هَذَا مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ يُمْضِهِ  

A woman came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I have come to you to present myself to you (for marriage)." Messenger of Allah ﷺ glanced at her. He looked at her carefully and fixed his glance on her and then lowered his head. When the lady saw that he did not say anything, she sat down. A man from his companions got up and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! If you are not in need of her, then marry her to me." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Have you got anything to offer." The man said, 'No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ!" The Prophet ﷺ said (to him), "Go to your family and try to find something." So the man went and returned, saying, "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I have not found anything." The Prophet said, "Go again and look for something, even if it were an iron ring." He went and returned, saying, "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I could not find even an iron ring, but this is my Izar (waist sheet).' He had no Rida (upper garment). He added, "I give half of it to her." Messenger of Allah ﷺ said "What will she do with your Izar? If you wear it, she will have nothing over herself thereof (will be naked); and if she wears it, then you will have nothing over yourself thereof ' So the man sat for a long period and then got up (to leave). When Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw him leaving, he ordered that he e called back. When he came, the Prophet ﷺ asked (him), "How much of the Qur'an do you know (by heart)?" The man replied, I know such Sura and such Sura and such Sura," naming the suras. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Can you recite it by heart?" He said, 'Yes." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Go I let you marry her for what you know of the Qur'an (as her Mahr).  

أَنَّ امْرَأَةً جَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ جِئْتُ لأَهَبَ لَكَ نَفْسِي فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَصَعَّدَ النَّظَرَ إِلَيْهَا وَصَوَّبَهُ ثُمَّ طَأْطَأَ رَأْسَهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقْضِ فِيهَا شَيْئًا جَلَسَتْ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَىْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ لَكَ بِهَا حَاجَةٌ فَزَوِّجْنِيهَا فَقَالَ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ شَىْءٍ قَالَ لاَ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ اذْهَبْ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ فَانْظُرْ هَلْ تَجِدُ شَيْئًا فَذَهَبَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَقَالَ لاَ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا وَجَدْتُ شَيْئًا قَالَ انْظُرْ وَلَوْ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ فَذَهَبَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَقَالَ لاَ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلاَ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ وَلَكِنْ هَذَا إِزَارِي قَالَ سَهْلٌ مَا لَهُ رِدَاءٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا تَصْنَعُ بِإِزَارِكَ إِنْ لَبِسْتَهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ وَإِنْ لَبِسَتْهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْكَ شَىْءٌ فَجَلَسَ الرَّجُلُ حَتَّى طَالَ مَجْلَسُهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَرَآهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُوَلِّيًا فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَدُعِيَ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ قَالَ مَاذَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ مَعِي سُورَةَ كَذَا وَسُورَةَ كَذَا وَسُورَةَ كَذَا عَدَّدَهَا قَالَ أَتَقْرَؤُهُنَّ عَنْ ظَهْرِ قَلْبِكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَقَدْ مَلَّكْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

'Aishah, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ told him that there were four types of marriage during Pre-Islamic period of Ignorance. One type was similar to that of the present day i.e. a man used to ask somebody else for the hand of a girl under his guardianship or for his daughter's hand, and give her Mahr and then marry her. The second type was that a man would say to his wife after she had become clean from her period. "Send for so-and-so and have sexual intercourse with him." Her husband would then keep away from her and would never sleep with her till she got pregnant from the other man with whom she was sleeping. When her pregnancy became evident, he husband would sleep with her if he wished. Her husband did so (i.e. let his wife sleep with some other man) so that he might have a child of noble breed. Such marriage was called as Al-Istibda'. Another type of marriage was that a group of less than ten men would assemble and enter upon a woman, and all of them would have sexual relation with her. If she became pregnant and delivered a child and some days had passed after delivery, she would sent for all of them and none of them would refuse to come, and when they all gathered before her, she would say to them, "You (all) know waht you have done, and now I have given birth to a child. So, it is your child so-and-so!" naming whoever she liked, and her child would follow him and he could not refuse to take him. The fourth type of marriage was that many people would enter upon a lady and she would never refuse anyone who came to her. Those were the prostitutes who used to fix flags at their doors as sign, and he who would wished, could have sexual intercourse with them. If anyone of them got pregnant and delivered a child, then all those men would be gathered for her and they would call the Qa'if (persons skilled in recognizing the likeness of a child to his father) to them and would let the child follow the man (whom they recognized as his father) and she would let him adhere to him and be called his son. The man would not refuse all that. But when Muhammad ﷺ was sent with the Truth, he abolished all the types of marriages observed in pre-Islamic period of Ignorance except the type of marriage the people recognize today.  

أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ النِّكَاحَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانَ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَنْحَاءٍ فَنِكَاحٌ مِنْهَا نِكَاحُ النَّاسِ الْيَوْمَ يَخْطُبُ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ وَلِيَّتَهُ أَوِ ابْنَتَهُ فَيُصْدِقُهَا ثُمَّ يَنْكِحُهَا وَنِكَاحٌ آخَرُ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَقُولُ لاِمْرَأَتِهِ إِذَا طَهُرَتْ مِنْ طَمْثِهَا أَرْسِلِي إِلَى فُلاَنٍ فَاسْتَبْضِعِي مِنْهُ وَيَعْتَزِلُهَا زَوْجُهَا وَلاَ يَمَسُّهَا أَبَدًا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ حَمْلُهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي تَسْتَبْضِعُ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا تَبَيَّنَ حَمْلُهَا أَصَابَهَا زَوْجُهَا إِذَا أَحَبَّ وَإِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ رَغْبَةً فِي نَجَابَةِ الْوَلَدِ فَكَانَ هَذَا النِّكَاحُ نِكَاحَ الاِسْتِبْضَاعِ وَنِكَاحٌ آخَرُ يَجْتَمِعُ الرَّهْطُ مَا دُونَ الْعَشَرَةِ فَيَدْخُلُونَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ كُلُّهُمْ يُصِيبُهَا فَإِذَا حَمَلَتْ وَوَضَعَتْ وَمَرَّ عَلَيْهَا لَيَالِيَ بَعْدَ أَنْ تَضَعَ حَمْلَهَا أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يَمْتَنِعَ حَتَّى يَجْتَمِعُوا عِنْدَهَا تَقُولُ لَهُمْ قَدْ عَرَفْتُمُ الَّذِي كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِكُمْ وَقَدْ وَلَدْتُ فَهُوَ ابْنُكَ يَا فُلاَنُ تُسَمِّي مَنْ أَحَبَّتْ بِاسْمِهِ فَيَلْحَقُ بِهِ وَلَدُهَا لاَ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَمْتَنِعَ بِهِ الرَّجُلُ وَنِكَاحُ الرَّابِعِ يَجْتَمِعُ النَّاسُ الْكَثِيرُ فَيَدْخُلُونَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ لاَ تَمْتَنِعُ مِمَّنْ جَاءَهَا وَهُنَّ الْبَغَايَا كُنَّ يَنْصِبْنَ عَلَى أَبْوَابِهِنَّ رَايَاتٍ تَكُونُ عَلَمًا فَمَنْ أَرَادَهُنَّ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَإِذَا حَمَلَتْ إِحْدَاهُنَّ وَوَضَعَتْ حَمْلَهَا جُمِعُوا لَهَا وَدَعَوْا لَهُمُ الْقَافَةَ ثُمَّ أَلْحَقُوا وَلَدَهَا بِالَّذِي يَرَوْنَ فَالْتَاطَ بِهِ وَدُعِيَ ابْنَهُ لاَ يَمْتَنِعُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا بُعِثَ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ بِالْحَقِّ هَدَمَ نِكَاحَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كُلَّهُ إِلاَّ نِكَاحَ النَّاسِ الْيَوْمَ  

(as regards the Verse): 'And about what is recited unto you in the Book, concerning orphan girls to whom you give not the prescribed portions and yet, whom you desire to marry.' (4.127) This Verse is about the female orphan who is under the guardianship of a man with whom she shares her property and he has more right over her (than anybody else) but does not like to marry her, so he prevents her, from marrying somebody else, lest he should share the property with him.  

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ {وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللاَّتِي لاَ تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ} قَالَتْ هَذَا فِي الْيَتِيمَةِ الَّتِي تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ لَعَلَّهَا أَنْ تَكُونَ شَرِيكَتَهُ فِي مَالِهِ وَهْوَ أَوْلَى بِهَا فَيَرْغَبُ أَنْ يَنْكِحَهَا فَيَعْضُلَهَا لِمَالِهَا وَلاَ يُنْكِحَهَا غَيْرَهُ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يَشْرَكَهُ أَحَدٌ فِي مَالِهَا  

When Hafsa, ʿUmar's daughter became a widow because of the death of her (husband) Ibn Hudhafa As-Sahmi who was one of the companion of the Prophet ﷺ and the one of the Badr warriors and died at Medina, ʿUmar said, "I met ʿUthman bin ʿAffan and gave him an offer, saying, 'If you wish, I will marry Hafsa to you.' He said. 'I will think it over' I waited for a few days, then he met me and said, 'I have made up my mind not to marry at present' "ʿUmar added, "Then I met Abu Bakr and said to him, 'If you wish, I will marry Hafsa to you.' "  

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ حِينَ تَأَيَّمَتْ حَفْصَةُ بِنْتُ عُمَرَ مِنِ ابْنِ حُذَافَةَ السَّهْمِيِّ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ تُوُفِّيَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَقِيتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ فَعَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْكَحْتُكَ حَفْصَةَ فَقَالَ سَأَنْظُرُ فِي أَمْرِي فَلَبِثْتُ لَيَالِيَ ثُمَّ لَقِيَنِي فَقَالَ بَدَا لِي أَنْ لاَ أَتَزَوَّجَ يَوْمِي هَذَا قَالَ عُمَرُ فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقُلْتُ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْكَحْتُكَ حَفْصَةَ  

concerning the Verse: 'Do not prevent them' (2.232) Ma'qil bin Yasar told me that it was revealed in his connection. He said, "I married my sister to a man and he divorced her, and when her days of 'Idda (three menstrual periods) were over, the man came again and asked for her hand, but I said to him, 'I married her to you and made her your bed (your wife) and favored you with her, but you divorced her. Now you come to ask for her hand again? No, by Allah, she will never go back to you (again)!' That man was not a bad man and his wife wanted to go back to him. So Allah revealed this Verse: 'Do not prevent them.' (2.232) So I said, 'Now I will do it (let her go back to him), O Messenger of Allah ﷺ."So he married her to him again.  

زَوَّجْتُ أُخْتًا لِي مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَطَلَّقَهَا حَتَّى إِذَا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا جَاءَ يَخْطُبُهَا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ زَوَّجْتُكَ وَفَرَشْتُكَ وَأَكْرَمْتُكَ فَطَلَّقْتَهَا ثُمَّ جِئْتَ تَخْطُبُهَا لاَ وَاللَّهِ لاَ تَعُودُ إِلَيْكَ أَبَدًا وَكَانَ رَجُلاً لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ وَكَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ تُرِيدُ أَنَّ تَرْجِعَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ {فَلاَ تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ} فَقُلْتُ الآنَ أَفْعَلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَزَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ  

(regarding His Statement): 'They ask your instruction concerning the women. Say: Allah instructs you about them ...' (4.127) It is about the female orphan who is under the guardianship of a man with whom she shares her property and he does not want to marry her and dislikes that someone else should marry her, lest he should share the property with him, so he prevents her from marrying. So Allah forbade such a guardian to do so (i.e. to prevent her from marrying).  

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ} إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ قَالَتْ هِيَ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِي حَجْرِ الرَّجُلِ قَدْ شَرِكَتْهُ فِي مَالِهِ فَيَرْغَبُ عَنْهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا غَيْرَهُ فَيَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهِ فَيَحْبِسُهَا فَنَهَاهُمُ اللَّهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ  

While we were sitting in the company of the Prophet ﷺ a woman came to him and presented herself (for marriage) to him. The Prophet ﷺ looked at her, lowering his eyes and raising them, but did not give a reply. One of his companions said, "Marry her to me O Messenger of Allah ﷺ!" The Prophet ﷺ asked (him), "Have you got anything?" He said, "I have got nothing." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Not even an iron ring?" He Saʿd, "Not even an iron ring, but I will tear my garment into two halves and give her one half and keep the other half." The Prophet; said, "No. Do you know some of the Qur'an (by heart)?" He said, "Yes." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Go, I have agreed to marry her to you with what you know of the Qur'an (as her Mahr)."  

حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ كُنَّا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ جُلُوسًا فَجَاءَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ تَعْرِضُ نَفْسَهَا عَلَيْهِ فَخَفَّضَ فِيهَا النَّظَرَ وَرَفَعَهُ فَلَمْ يُرِدْهَا فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ زَوِّجْنِيهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَعِنْدَكَ مِنْ شَىْءٍ قَالَ مَا عِنْدِي مِنْ شَىْءٍ قَالَ وَلاَ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ قَالَ وَلاَ خَاتَمًا مِنَ حَدِيدٍ وَلَكِنْ أَشُقُّ بُرْدَتِي هَذِهِ فَأُعْطِيهَا النِّصْفَ وَآخُذُ النِّصْفَ قَالَ لاَ هَلْ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَىْءٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

that the Prophet ﷺ married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old, and then she remained with him for nine years (i.e., till his death).  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ تَزَوَّجَهَا وَهْىَ بِنْتُ سِتِّ سِنِينَ وَأُدْخِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَهْىَ بِنْتُ تِسْعٍ وَمَكَثَتْ عِنْدَهُ تِسْعًا  

that the Prophet ﷺ married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old. Hisham said: I have been informed that ʿAisha remained with the Prophet ﷺ for nine years (i.e. till his death).  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ تَزَوَّجَهَا وَهْىَ بِنْتُ سِتِّ سِنِينَ وَبَنَى بِهَا وَهْىَ بِنْتُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ قَالَ هِشَامٌ وَأُنْبِئْتُ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ  

A woman came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "I present myself (to you) (for marriage). She stayed for a long while, then a man said, "If you are not in need of her then marry her to me." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Have you got anything m order to pay her Mahr?" He said, "I have nothing with me except my Izar (waist sheet)." The Prophet ﷺ said, "If you give her your Izar, you will have no Izar to wear, (so go) and search for something. He said, "I could not find anything." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Try (to find something), even if it were an iron ring But he was not able to find (even that) The Prophet ﷺ said (to him). "Do you memorize something of the Qur'an?" "Yes. ' he said, "such Sura and such Sura," naming those Suras The Prophet ﷺ said, "We have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an (by heart).  

جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي وَهَبْتُ مِنْ نَفْسِي فَقَامَتْ طَوِيلاً فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ زَوِّجْنِيهَا إِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ لَكَ بِهَا حَاجَةٌ قَالَ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ شَىْءٍ تُصْدِقُهَا قَالَ مَا عِنْدِي إِلاَّ إِزَارِي فَقَالَ إِنْ أَعْطَيْتَهَا إِيَّاهُ جَلَسْتَ لاَ إِزَارَ لَكَ فَالْتَمِسْ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ مَا أَجِدُ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ الْتَمِسْ وَلَوْ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدِ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ فَقَالَ أَمَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَىْءٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ سُورَةُ كَذَا وَسُورَةُ كَذَا لِسُوَرٍ سَمَّاهَا فَقَالَ زَوَّجْنَاكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "A matron should not be given in marriage except after consulting her; and a virgin should not be given in marriage except after her permission." The people asked, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! How can we know her permission?" He said, "Her silence (indicates her permission).  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ تُنْكَحُ الأَيِّمُ حَتَّى تُسْتَأْمَرَ وَلاَ تُنْكَحُ الْبِكْرُ حَتَّى تُسْتَأْذَنَ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَكَيْفَ إِذْنُهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَسْكُتَ  

I said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! A virgin feels shy." He said, "Her consent is (expressed by) her silence."  

أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْبِكْرَ تَسْتَحِي قَالَ رِضَاهَا صَمْتُهَا  

that her father gave her in marriage when she was a matron and she disliked that marriage. So she went to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he declared that marriage invalid.  

أَنَّ أَبَاهَا زَوَّجَهَا وَهْىَ ثَيِّبٌ فَكَرِهَتْ ذَلِكَ فَأَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَرَدَّ نِكَاحَهُ  

The same ,Hadith above: A man called Khidam married a daughter of his (to somebody) against her consent. 'If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your choice.' (4.3) And if somebody says to the guardian (of a woman), "Marry me to soand- so," and the guardian remained silent or said to him, "What have you got?" And the other said, "I have so much and so much (Mahr)," or kept quiet, and then the guardian said, "I have married her to you," then the marriage is valid (legal). This narration was told by Sahl on the authority of the Prophet.  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً يُدْعَى خِذَامًا أَنْكَحَ ابْنَةً لَهُ نَحْوَهُ  

that he asked ʿAisha, saying to her, "O Mother! (In what connection was this Verse revealed): 'If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with orphan girls (to the end of the verse) that your right hands possess?" (4.3) Aisha said, "O my nephew! It was about the female orphan under the protection of her guardian who was interested in her beauty and wealth and wanted to marry her with a little or reduced Mahr. So such guardians were forbidden to marry female orphans unless they deal with them justly and give their full Mahr; and they were ordered to marry women other than them."ʿAisha added, "(Later) the people asked Messenger of Allah ﷺ, for instructions, and then Allah revealed: 'They ask your instruction concerning the women . . . And yet whom you desire to marry.' (4.127) So Allah revealed to them in this Verse that-if a female orphan had wealth and beauty, they desired to marry her and were interested in her noble descent and the reduction of her Mahr; but if she was not desired by them because of her lack in fortune and beauty they left her and married some other woman. So, as they used to leave her when they had no interest in her, they had no right to marry her if they had the desire to do so, unless they deal justly with her and gave her a full amount of Mahr."  

أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى} إِلَى {مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ} قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِي هَذِهِ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِي حَجْرِ وَلِيِّهَا فَيَرْغَبُ فِي جَمَالِهَا وَمَالِهَا وَيُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْتَقِصَ مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا فَنُهُوا عَنْ نِكَاحِهِنَّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهُنَّ فِي إِكْمَالِ الصَّدَاقِ وَأُمِرُوا بِنِكَاحِ مَنْ سِوَاهُنَّ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ اسْتَفْتَى النَّاسُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ} إِلَى {وَتَرْغَبُونَ} فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ لَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ أَنَّ الْيَتِيمَةَ إِذَا كَانَتْ ذَاتَ مَالٍ وَجَمَالٍ رَغِبُوا فِي نِكَاحِهَا وَنَسَبِهَا وَالصَّدَاقِ وَإِذَا كَانَتْ مَرْغُوبًا عَنْهَا فِي قِلَّةِ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ تَرَكُوهَا وَأَخَذُوا غَيْرَهَا مِنَ النِّسَاءِ قَالَتْ فَكَمَا يَتْرُكُونَهَا حِينَ يَرْغَبُونَ عَنْهَا فَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَنْكِحُوهَا إِذَا رَغِبُوا فِيهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهَا وَيُعْطُوهَا حَقَّهَا الأَوْفَى مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ  

A woman came to the Prophet,, and presented herself to him (for marriage). He said, "I am not in need of women these days." Then a man said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Marry her to me." The Prophet ﷺ asked him, "What have you got?" He said, "I have got nothing." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Give her something, even an iron ring." He said, "I have got nothing." The Prophet ﷺ asked (him), "How much of the Qur'an do you know (by heart)?" He said, "So much and so much." The Prophet ﷺ said, "I have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an."  

أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَعَرَضَتْ عَلَيْهِ نَفْسَهَا فَقَالَ مَا لِي الْيَوْمَ فِي النِّسَاءِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ زَوِّجْنِيهَا قَالَ مَا عِنْدَكَ قَالَ مَا عِنْدِي شَىْءٌ قَالَ أَعْطِهَا وَلَوْ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ قَالَ مَا عِنْدِي شَىْءٌ قَالَ فَمَا عِنْدَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ عِنْدِي كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ فَقَدْ مَلَّكْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

The Prophet ﷺ decreed that one should not try to cancel a bargain already agreed upon between some other persons (by offering a bigger price). And a man should not ask for the hand of a girl who is already engaged to his Muslim brother, unless the first suitor gives her up, or allows him to ask for her hand.  

أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ ؓ كَانَ يَقُولُ نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يَبِيعَ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ وَلاَ يَخْطُبَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ حَتَّى يَتْرُكَ الْخَاطِبُ قَبْلَهُ أَوْ يَأْذَنَ لَهُ الْخَاطِبُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Beware of suspicion (about others), as suspicion is the falsest talk, and do not spy upon each other, and do not listen to the evil talk of the people about others' affairs, and do not have enmity with one another, but be brothers. And none should ask for the hand of a girl who is already engaged to his (Muslim) brother, but one should wait till the first suitor marries her or leaves her."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَالظَّنَّ فَإِنَّ الظَّنَّ أَكْذَبُ الْحَدِيثِ وَلاَ تَجَسَّسُوا وَلاَ تَحَسَّسُوا وَلاَ تَبَاغَضُوا وَكُونُوا إِخْوَانًا وَلَا يَخْطُبُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ حَتَّى يَنْكِحَ أَوْ يَتْرُكَ  

"When Hafsa became a widow," ʿUmar said, "I met Abu Bakr and said to him, 'If you wish I will marry Hafsa bint ʿUmar to you.' I waited for a few days then Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked for her hand. Later Abu Bakr met me and said, 'Nothing stopped me from returning to you concerning your offer except that I knew that Messenger of Allah ﷺ had mentioned (his wish to marry) her, and I could never let out the secret of Messenger of Allah ﷺ . If he had left her, I would have accepted her.' "  

عُمَرُ لَقِيتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقُلْتُ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْكَحْتُكَ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتَ عُمَرَ فَلَبِثْتُ لَيَالِيَ ثُمَّ خَطَبَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَقِيَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي أَنْ أَرْجِعَ إِلَيْكَ فِيمَا عَرَضْتَ إِلاَّ أَنِّي قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ ذَكَرَهَا فَلَمْ أَكُنْ لأُفْشِيَ سِرَّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَوْ تَرَكَهَا لَقَبِلْتُهَا  

Two men came from the east and delivered speeches, and the Prophet ﷺ said, "Some eloquent speech has the influence of magic." (e.g., some people refuse to do something and then a good eloquent speaker addresses them and then they agree to do that very thing after his speech)  

النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّ مِنَ الْبَيَانِ لَسِحْرً  

(the daughter of Muawwidh bin Afra) After the consummation of my marriage, the Prophet ﷺ came and sat on my bed as far from me as you are sitting now, and our little girls started beating the tambourines and reciting elegiac verses mourning my father who had been killed in the battle of Badr. One of them said, "Among us is a Prophet who knows what will happen tomorrow." On that the Prophet said, "Leave this (saying) and keep on saying the verses which you had been saying before."  

قَالَتِ الرُّبَيِّعُ بِنْتُ مُعَوِّذٍ ابْنِ عَفْرَاءَ جَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَدَخَلَ حِينَ بُنِيَ عَلَىَّ فَجَلَسَ عَلَى فِرَاشِي كَمَجْلِسِكَ مِنِّي فَجَعَلَتْ جُوَيْرِيَاتٌ لَنَا يَضْرِبْنَ بِالدُّفِّ وَيَنْدُبْنَ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنْ آبَائِي يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ إِذْ قَالَتْ إِحْدَاهُنَّ وَفِينَا نَبِيٌّ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي غَدٍ فَقَالَ دَعِي هَذِهِ وَقُولِي بِالَّذِي كُنْتِ تَقُولِينَ  

ʿAbdur Rahman bin ʿAuf married a woman and gave her gold equal to the weight of a date stone (as Mahr). When the Prophet ﷺ noticed the signs of cheerfulness of the marriage (on his face) and asked him about it, he said, "I have married a woman and gave (her) gold equal to a date stone in weight (as Mahr).  

أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى وَزْنِ نَوَاةٍ فَرَأَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَشَاشَةَ الْعُرْسِ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً عَلَى وَزْنِ نَوَاةٍ وَعَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى وَزْنِ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ  

While I was (sitting) among the people in the company of Messenger of Allah ﷺ a woman stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! She has given herself in marriage to you; please give your opinion of her." The Prophet did not give her any reply. She again stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! She has given herself (in marriage) to you; so please give your opinion of her. The Prophet ﷺ did not give her any reply. She again stood up for the third time and said, "She has given herself in marriage to you: so give your opinion of her." So a man stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Marry her to me." The Prophet asked him, "Have you got anything?" He said, "No." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Go and search for something, even if it were an iron ring." The man went and searched and then returned saying, "I could not find anything, not even an iron ring." Then the Prophet ﷺ said, "Do you know something of the Qur'an (by heart)?" He replied, "I know (by heart) such Sura and such Sura." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Go! I have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an (by heart).  

سَمِعْتُ سَهْلَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيَّ يَقُولُ إِنِّي لَفِي الْقَوْمِ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذْ قَامَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا قَدْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لَكَ فَرَ فِيهَا رَأْيَكَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهَا شَيْئًا ثُمَّ قَامَتْ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا قَدْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لَكَ فَرَ فِيهَا رَأْيَكَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهَا شَيْئًا ثُمَّ قَامَتِ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّهَا قَدْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لَكَ فَرَ فِيهَا رَأْيَكَ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنْكِحْنِيهَا قَالَ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ شَىْءٍ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَاطْلُبْ وَلَوْ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ فَذَهَبَ فَطَلَبَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَقَالَ مَا وَجَدْتُ شَيْئًا وَلاَ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ فَقَالَ هَلْ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَىْءٌ قَالَ مَعِي سُورَةُ كَذَا وَسُورَةُ كَذَا قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَقَدْ أَنْكَحْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said to a man, "Marry, even with (a Mahr equal to) an iron ring."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجْ وَلَوْ بِخَاتَمٍ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: "The stipulations most entitled to be abided by are those with which you are given the right to enjoy the (women's) private parts (i.e. the stipulations of the marriage contract).  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ أَحَقُّ مَا أَوْفَيْتُمْ مِنَ الشُّرُوطِ أَنْ تُوفُوا بِهِ مَا اسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ بِهِ الْفُرُوجَ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "It is not lawful for a woman (at the time of wedding) to ask for the divorce of her sister (i.e. the other wife of her would-be husband) in order to have everything for herself, for she will take only what has been written for her."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يَحِلُّ لاِمْرَأَةٍ تَسْأَلُ طَلاَقَ أُخْتِهَا لِتَسْتَفْرِغَ صَحْفَتَهَا فَإِنَّمَا لَهَا مَا قُدِّرَ لَهَا  

ʿAbdur-Rahman bin ʿAuf came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he had marks of Sufra (yellow perfume). Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him (about those marks). ʿAbdurRahman bin ʿAuf told him that he had married a woman from the Ansar. The Prophet ﷺ asked, "How much Mahr did you pay her?" He said, "I paid gold equal to the weight of a date stone." Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "Give a wedding banquet, even if with one sheep."  

أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَبِهِ أَثَرُ صُفْرَةٍ فَسَأَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ قَالَ كَمْ سُقْتَ إِلَيْهَا قَالَ زِنَةَ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَوْلِمْ وَلَوْ بِشَاةٍ  

The Prophet ﷺ offered a wedding banquet on the occasion of his marriage to Zainab, and provided a good meal for the Muslims. Then he went out as was his custom on marrying, he came to the dwelling places of the mothers of the Believers (i.e. his wives) invoking good (on them), and they were invoking good (on him). Then he departed (and came back) and saw two men (still sitting there). So he left again. I do not remember whether I informed him or he was informed (by somebody else) of their departure).  

أَوْلَمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِزَيْنَبَ فَأَوْسَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَيْرًا فَخَرَجَ كَمَا يَصْنَعُ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ فَأَتَى حُجَرَ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَدْعُو وَيَدْعُونَ {لَهُ} ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَرَأَى رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجَعَ لاَ أَدْرِي آخْبَرْتُهُ أَوْ أُخْبِرَ بِخُرُوجِهِمَا  

The Prophet ﷺ saw the traces of Sufra (yellow perfume) on ʿAbdur-Rahman bin ʿAuf and said, "What is this?" ʿAbdur-Rahman, said, "I have married a woman and have paid gold equal to the weight of a datestone (as her Mahr). The Prophet ﷺ said to him, "May Allah bless you: Offer a wedding banquet even with one sheep."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ رَأَى عَلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ أَثَرَ صُفْرَةٍ قَالَ مَا هَذَا قَالَ إِنِّي تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً عَلَى وَزْنِ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ قَالَ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ أَوْلِمْ وَلَوْ بِشَاةٍ  

When the Prophet ﷺ married me, my mother came to me and made me enter the house where I saw some women from the Ansar who said, "May you prosper and have blessings and have good omen."  

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ تَزَوَّجَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَأَتَتْنِي أُمِّي فَأَدْخَلَتْنِي الدَّارَ فَإِذَا نِسْوَةٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَقُلْنَ عَلَى الْخَيْرِ وَالْبَرَكَةِ وَعَلَى خَيْرِ طَائِرٍ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "A prophet among the prophets went for a military expedition and said to his people: "A man who has married a lady and wants to consummate his marriage with her and he has not done so yet, should not accompany me.' "  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ غَزَا نَبِيٌّ مِنَ الأَنْبِيَاءِ فَقَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ لاَ يَتْبَعْنِي رَجُلٌ مَلَكَ بُضْعَ امْرَأَةٍ وَهْوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَبْنِيَ بِهَا وَلَمْ يَبْنِ بِهَا  

The Prophet ﷺ wrote the (marriage contract) with ʿAisha while she was six years old and consummated his marriage with her while she was nine years old and she remained with him for nine years (i.e. till his death).  

عَنْ عُرْوَةَ تَزَوَّجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَائِشَةَ وَهْىَ ابْنَةُ سِتٍّ وَبَنَى بِهَا وَهْىَ ابْنَةُ تِسْعٍ وَمَكَثَتْ عِنْدَهُ تِسْعًا  

The Prophet ﷺ stayed for three days at a place between Khaibar and Medina, and there he consummated his marriage with Safiyya bint Huyay. I invited the Muslims to a banquet which included neither meat nor bread. The Prophet ﷺ ordered for the leather dining sheets to be spread, and then dates, dried yogurt and butter were provided over it, and that was the Walima (banquet) of the Prophet. The Muslims asked whether Safiyya would be considered as his wife or as a slave girl of what his right hands possessed. Then they said, "If the Prophet ﷺ screens her from the people, then she Is the Prophet's wife but if he does not screen her, then she is a slave girl." So when the Prophet ﷺ proceeded, he made a place for her (on the camel) behind him and screened her from people.  

أَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَيْنَ خَيْبَرَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ ثَلاَثًا يُبْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِصَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ حُيَىٍّ فَدَعَوْتُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى وَلِيمَتِهِ فَمَا كَانَ فِيهَا مِنْ خُبْزٍ وَلاَ لَحْمٍ أَمَرَ بِالأَنْطَاعِ فَأُلْقِيَ فِيهَا مِنَ التَّمْرِ وَالأَقِطِ وَالسَّمْنِ فَكَانَتْ وَلِيمَتَهُ فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِحْدَى أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَوْ مِمَّا مَلَكَتْ يَمِينُهُ فَقَالُوا إِنْ حَجَبَهَا فَهْىَ مِنْ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَحْجُبْهَا فَهْىَ مِمَّا مَلَكَتْ يَمِينُهُ فَلَمَّا ارْتَحَلَ وَطَّى لَهَا خَلْفَهُ وَمَدَّ الْحِجَابَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ النَّاسِ  

When the Prophet ﷺ married me, my mother came to me and made me enter the house (of the Prophet) and nothing surprised me but the coming of Messenger of Allah ﷺ to me in the forenoon.  

تَزَوَّجَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَأَتَتْنِي أُمِّي فَأَدْخَلَتْنِي الدَّارَ فَلَمْ يَرُعْنِي إِلاَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ضُحًى  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Did you get Anmat?" I said, 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! From where can we have Anmat?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Soon you will have them (Anmat).  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَلِ اتَّخَذْتُمْ أَنْمَاطًا قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَأَنَّى لَنَا أَنْمَاطٌ قَالَ إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ  

that she prepared a lady for a man from the Ansar as his bride and the Prophet said, "O 'Aisha! Haven't you got any amusement (during the marriage ceremony) as the Ansar like amusement?"  

أَنَّهَا زَفَّتِ امْرَأَةً إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَا عَائِشَةُ مَا كَانَ مَعَكُمْ لَهْوٌ فَإِنَّ الأَنْصَارَ يُعْجِبُهُمُ اللَّهْوُ  

"Whenever the Prophet ﷺ passed by (my mother Um-Sulaim) he used to enter her and greet her. Anas further said: Once the Prophet ﷺ way a bridegroom during his marriage with Zainab, Um Sulaim said to me, "Let us give a gift to Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." I said to her, "Do it." So she prepared Haisa (a sweet dish) made from dates, butter and dried yoghurt and she sent it with me to him. I took it to him and he said, "Put it down," and ordered me to call some men whom he named, and to invite whomever I would meet. I did what he ordered me to do, and when I returned, I found the house crowded with people and saw the Prophet ﷺ keeping his hand over the Haisa and saying over it whatever Allah wished (him to say). Then he called the men in batches of ten to eat of it, and he said to them, "Mention the Name of Allah, and each man should eat of the dish the nearest to him." When all of them had finished their meals, some of them left and a few remained there talking, over which I felt unhappy. Then the Prophet ﷺ went out towards the dwelling places (of his wives) and I too, went out after him and told him that those people had left. Then he returned and entered his dwelling place and let the curtains fall while I was in (his) dwelling place, and he was reciting the Verses:-- 'O you who believe! Enter not the Prophet's house until leave is given you for a meal, (and then) not (as early as) to what for its preparation. But when you are invited, enter, and when you have taken your meals, disperse without sitting for a talk. Verily such (behavior) annoys the Prophet; and he would be shy of (asking) you (to go), but Allah is not shy of (telling you) the Truth.' (33-53) Abu Uthman said: Anas said, "I served the Prophet for ten years."  

مَرَّ بِنَا فِي مَسْجِدِ بَنِي رِفَاعَةَ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا مَرَّ بِجَنَبَاتِ أُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَرُوسًا بِزَيْنَبَ فَقَالَتْ لِي أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ لَوْ أَهْدَيْنَا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَدِيَّةً فَقُلْتُ لَهَا افْعَلِي فَعَمَدَتْ إِلَى تَمْرٍ وَسَمْنٍ وَأَقِطٍ فَاتَّخَذَتْ حَيْسَةً فِي بُرْمَةٍ فَأَرْسَلَتْ بِهَا مَعِي إِلَيْهِ فَانْطَلَقْتُ بِهَا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لِي ضَعْهَا ثُمَّ أَمَرَنِي فَقَالَ ادْعُ لِي رِجَالاً سَمَّاهُمْ وَادْعُ لِي مَنْ لَقِيتَ قَالَ فَفَعَلْتُ الَّذِي أَمَرَنِي فَرَجَعْتُ فَإِذَا الْبَيْتُ غَاصٌّ بِأَهْلِهِ فَرَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَضَعَ يَدَيْهِ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَيْسَةِ وَتَكَلَّمَ بِهَا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يَدْعُو عَشَرَةً عَشَرَةً يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْهُ وَيَقُولُ لَهُمُ اذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ وَلْيَأْكُلْ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِمَّا يَلِيهِ قَالَ حَتَّى تَصَدَّعُوا كُلُّهُمْ عَنْهَا فَخَرَجَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ خَرَجَ وَبَقِيَ نَفَرٌ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ قَالَ وَجَعَلْتُ أَغْتَمُّ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ نَحْوَ الْحُجُرَاتِ وَخَرَجْتُ فِي إِثْرِهِ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّهُمْ قَدْ ذَهَبُوا فَرَجَعَ فَدَخَلَ الْبَيْتَ وَأَرْخَى السِّتْرَ وَإِنِّي لَفِي الْحُجْرَةِ وَهْوَ يَقُولُ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لاَ تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ وَلَكِنْ إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ فَادْخُلُوا فَإِذَا طَعِمْتُمْ فَانْتَشِرُوا وَلاَ مُسْتَأْنِسِينَ لِحَدِيثٍ إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ يُؤْذِي النَّبِيَّ فَيَسْتَحْيِي مِنْكُمْ وَاللَّهُ لاَ يَسْتَحْيِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ} قَالَ أَبُو عُثْمَانَ قَالَ أَنَسٌ إِنَّهُ خَدَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ  

That she borrowed a necklace from Asma' and then it got lost. So Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent some people from his companions in search of it. In the meantime the stated time for the prayer became due and they offered their prayer without ablution. When they came to the Prophet, they complained about it to him, so the Verse regarding Tayammum was revealed . Usaid bin Hudair said, "(O ʿAisha!) may Allah bless you with a good reward, for by Allah, never did a difficulty happen in connection with you, but Allah made an escape from it for you, and brought Allah's Blessings for the Muslims."  

أَنَّهَا اسْتَعَارَتْ مِنْ أَسْمَاءَ قِلاَدَةً فَهَلَكَتْ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِي طَلَبِهَا فَأَدْرَكَتْهُمُ الصَّلاَةُ فَصَلَّوْا بِغَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ فَلَمَّا أَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ شَكَوْا ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ التَّيَمُّمِ فَقَالَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ جَزَاكِ اللَّهُ خَيْرًا فَوَاللَّهِ مَا نَزَلَ بِكِ أَمْرٌ قَطُّ إِلاَّ جَعَلَ لَكِ مِنْهُ مَخْرَجًا وَجُعِلَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فِيهِ بَرَكَةٌ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "If anyone of you, when having sexual intercourse with his wife, says: Bismillah, Allahumma jannibni-Sh-Shaitan wa jannib-ish-Shaitan ma razaqtana, and if it is destined that they should have a child, then Satan will never be able to harm him."  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَمَا لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ يَقُولُ حِينَ يَأْتِي أَهْلَهُ بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ جَنِّبْنِي الشَّيْطَانَ وَجَنِّبِ الشَّيْطَانَ مَا رَزَقْتَنَا ثُمَّ قُدِّرَ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي ذَلِكَ أَوْ قُضِيَ وَلَدٌ لَمْ يَضُرَّهُ شَيْطَانٌ أَبَدًا