[Machine] From some of the companions of the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , they mentioned the interpretation and said in the story of Mary, peace be upon her, that those who used to write the Torah, when a person would come to them to be tested, they would cast lots among themselves to determine who should teach him. And Zakaria was the best among them that day, and he was their prophet, and Mary's sister was under his care. So when they brought her, Zakaria said to them, "I am more deserving of her guardianship than any of you, as her sister is under my care." So they refused and went out to the River Jordan, and they threw their pens, with which they wrote, into the river, to determine whose pen would stand upright and be chosen. Then the pens began to flow, and Zakaria's pen stood on his cradle as if it were in clay. So he took the girl...  

عَنْ نَاسٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ التَّفْسِيرَ وَقَالَ فِي قِصَّةِ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَكْتُبُونَ التَّوْرَاةَ إِذَا جَاءُوا إِلَيْهِمْ بِإِنْسَانٍ يُجَرِّبُونَهُ اقْتَرَعُوا عَلَيْهِ أَيُّهُمْ يَأْخُذُهُ فَيُعَلِّمُهُ؟ وَكَانَ زَكَرِيَّا أَفْضَلَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَكَانَ نَبِيَّهُمْ وَكَانَتْ أُخْتُ مَرْيَمَ تَحْتَهُ فَلَمَّا أَتَوْا بِهَا قَالَ لَهُمْ زَكَرِيَّا أَنَا أَحَقُّكُمْ بِهَا تَحْتِي أُخْتُهَا فَأَبَوْا فَخَرَجُوا إِلَى نَهْرِ الْأُرْدُنِّ فَأَلْقَوْا أَقْلَامَهُمُ الَّتِي يَكْتُبُونَ بِهَا أَيُّهُمْ يَقُومُ قَلَمُهُ فَيَكْفُلَهَا؟ فَجَرَتِ الْأَقْلَامُ وَقَامَ قَلَمُ زَكَرِيَّا عَلَى قُرْنَتِهِ كَأَنَّهُ فِي طِينٍ فَأَخَذَ الْجَارِيَةَ  

[Machine] He helped them with his pen, so he participated in their endeavors and in his statement "so he participated, so he became one of those who deny" [Quran 37:141], he says he was among those who were blamed.  

سَاهَمَهُمْ بِقَلَمِهِ فَسَهَمَهُمْ يَعْنِي فَكَفَلَهَا وَفِي قَوْلِهِ {فَسَاهَمَ فَكَانَ مِنَ الْمُدْحَضِينَ} [الصافات 141] يَقُولُ كَانَ مِنَ الْمَسْهُومِينَ  

[Machine] "According to Ibn Abbas regarding His saying {So he made a flopping blow} [As-Saaffaat 141], he said that it means {So he became among the destroyers} [As-Saaffaat 141], he said it means {Among those who were vanquished}."  

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {فَسَاهَمَ} [الصافات 141] يَقُولُ فَقَارَعَ {فَكَانَ مِنَ الْمُدْحَضِينَ} [الصافات 141] يَقُولُ مِنَ الْمَقْرُوعِينَ  

[Machine] About Qatadah saying, "So he slipped away and he was among those who rejected [the truth]." (Quran 37:141) Qara'a said, "The Prophet Jonah ﷺ ran away, and the ship was tossed about, so the people knew that it was because of something one of them had done, so they cast lots and it fell on Jonah. So Jonah cast himself into the sea, and he was swallowed by the fish while he was blameworthy in what he had done. [37:142] And had he not been of those who exalt Allah, [37:143] he would have remained inside its belly until the Day they are resurrected." He said, "He used to offer a lot of prayers during ease (prosperous times), so he invoked Allah to relieve him from it (i.e. the calamity at sea). So his invocation was answered, and Allah commanded the fish to vomit him out onto an island." Ash-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "The Prophet's casting lots occurred in every place where he had to cast lots, similar to the meaning of those who cast lots for the guardianship of Mary." He also elaborated on this and supported it with what we have narrated in the hadith of Imran ibn Husayn from the Prophet ﷺ regarding the slaves.  

عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ {فَسَاهَمَ فَكَانَ مِنَ الْمُدْحَضِينَ} [الصافات 141] قَالَ قَارَعَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ يُونُسُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقُرِعَ قَالَ احْتَبَسَتِ السَّفِينَةُ فَعَلِمَ الْقَوْمُ إِنَّمَا احْتَبَسَتْ مِنْ حَدَثٍ أَحْدَثَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ فَتَسَاهَمُوا فَقُرِعَ يُونُسُ ﷺ فَرَمَى بِنَفْسِهِ {فَالْتَقَمَهُ الْحُوتُ وَهُوَ مُلِيمٌ} [الصافات 142] قَالَ وَهُوَ مُسِيءٌ فِيمَا صَنَعَ {فَلَوْلَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُسَبِّحِينَ} [الصافات 143] قَالَ كَانَ كَثِيرَ الصَّلَاةِ فِي الرَّخَاءِ فَأَنْجَاهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَقُرْعَةُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي كُلِّ مَوْضِعٍ أَقْرَعَ فِيهِ فِي مِثْلِ مَعْنَى الَّذِينَ اقْتَرَعُوا عَلَى كَفَالَةِ مَرْيَمَ سَوَاءً لَا تُخَالِفُهُ وَبَسَطَ الْكَلَامَ فِي شَرْحِ ذَلِكَ وَاسْتَدَلَّ بِمَا رُوِّينَا فِي حَدِيثِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي الْعَبِيدِ  

[Machine] A man from the Ansar passed away and left behind six slaves who had no money except for what they earned. Upon his death, he freed all of them. The matter was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who divided them into three parts. He then shook a garment between them and freed one-third and granted freedom with lighter punishment to the other two-thirds. Muhammad ibn Sirin said, "Had it not been for what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) told me, my opinion would have been different." He also said, "Khalid al-Hadda' narrated to me from Abu Qilabah, but Ayub did not comprehend or memorize it. I do not know if he forgot or kept it a secret." Jarir said that Khalid al-Hadda' narrated to him from Abu Qilabah, just as Ayub said, except that he added that Imran ibn Husayn said, "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, when his matter was mentioned to him, 'If I had known what he did, I would have prayed for him like this.' This is in Jarir ibn Hazim's narration. Thus, he freed one-third and granted lighter punishment to the other two-thirds, as narrated by the group we mentioned previously. And this is what Jarir meant in his narration, which is appropriate for division and subjugation, and with Allah is the facilitation."  

تُوُفِّيَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَتَرَكَ سِتَّةَ أَعْبُدٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَهُمْ جَمِيعًا عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَجَزَّأَهُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَجْزَاءٍ ثُمَّ أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَ الثُّلُثَ وَأَرَقَّ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ لَوْ لَمْ يَبْلُغْنِي عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لَكَانَ رَأْيِيَ 21407 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنِي اللَّيْثُ عَنْ جَرِيرٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ لَا أَعْلَمُ إِلَّا عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَزَادَ خَالِدٌ الْحَذَّاءُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَفْهَمْهُ أَيُّوبُ فَلَا أَدْرِي لَمْ يَحْفَظْ أَوْ كَتَمَهُ قَالَ جَرِيرٌ حَدَّثَنِي خَالِدٌ الْحَذَّاءُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ كَمَا قَالَ أَيُّوبُ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حُصَيْنٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ ذُكِرَ لَهُ أَمْرُهُ لَوْ عَلِمْتُ بِالَّذِي صَنَعَ مَا صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا فِي رِوَايَةِ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ فَأَعْتَقَ الثُّلُثَ وَأَرَقَّ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَرِوَايَةُ الْجَمَاعَةِ الَّذِينَ قَدَّمْنَا ذِكْرَهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَرَقَّ أَرْبَعَةً وَهَذَا مُرَادُ جَرِيرٍ بِمَا رَوَى فَهُوَ الَّذِي يَلِيقُ بِالتَّجْزِئَةِ وَبِالْإِقْرَاعِ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ  

[Machine] He said that Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, 'Alqamah ibn Waqqas, and 'Ubaidullah ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Utbah narrated from the hadith of Aisha, the wife of the Prophet, that they claimed Aisha, the wife of the Prophet, said: "When the Messenger of Allah intended to go out, he would shake his arrows among his wives. Whichever arrow came out, the Messenger of Allah would go out with her." Aisha said, "He would shake his arrows among us during a military expedition, and my arrow came out, so I went out with the Messenger of Allah." And the hadith is mentioned.  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَعَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ وَقَّاصٍ وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ زَعَمُوا أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَ أَزْوَاجِهِ فَأَيَّتُهُنَّ خَرَجَ سَهْمُهَا خَرَجَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَعَهُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَقَرَعَ بَيْنَنَا فِي غَزَاةٍ غَزَاهَا فَخَرَجَ سَهْمِي فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'If people knew what is in the call to prayer and the first row [for prayer], and they had no other way to secure it except through drawing lots [to determine who would be in the first row], they would certainly draw lots for it. And if they knew what is in the rewards of migration, they would race each other towards it. And if they knew what is in the darkness of night and the break of dawn, they would certainly come for them. And if they found it difficult to utter the word 'darkness,' I said to him (i.e. Yahya), 'Do you dislike saying 'darkness'?' He said, 'This is what the one who narrated it to me said, and his name was 'Abd al-Razzaq, and he used to narrate it from Ma'mar about Malik.'"  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ النَّاسُ مَا فِي النِّدَاءِ وَالصَّفِّ الْأَوَّلِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَجِدُوا إِلَّا أَنْ يَسْتَهِمُوا عَلَيْهِ لَاسْتَهَمُوا عَلَيْهِ وَلَوْ يَعْلَمُونَ مَا فِي التَّهْجِيرِ لَاسْتَبَقُوا إِلَيْهِ وَلَوْ يَعْلَمُونَ مَا فِي الْعَتَمَةِ وَالصُّبْحِ لَأَتَوْهُمَا وَلَوْ حَبْوًا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَمَا تَكْرَهُ أَنْ تَقُولَ الْعَتَمَةَ؟ قَالَ هَكَذَا قَالَ الَّذِي حَدَّثَنِي بِهِ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ وَكَانَ مَعْمَرٌ يُحَدِّثُ بِهَا عَنْ مَالِكٍ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "The example of the person abiding by Allah's order and restrictions in comparison to those who violate them is like the example of those persons who drew lots for their seats in a boat. Some of them got seats in the upper part, and the others in the lower. When the latter needed water, they had to go up to bring water (and that troubled the others), so they said, 'Let us make a hole in our share of the ship (and get water) saving those who are above us from troubling them. So, if the people in the upper part left the others do what they had suggested, all the people of the ship would be destroyed, but if they prevented them, both parties would be safe." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2493)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَثَلُ الْقَائِمِ عَلَى حُدُودِ اللهِ وَالْوَاقِعِ فِيهَا كَمَثَلِ قَوْمٍ اسْتَهَمُوا عَلَى سَفِينَةٍ فَأَصَابَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَعْلَاهَا وَأَصَابَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَسْفَلَهَا فَكَانَ الَّذِينَ فِي أَسْفَلِهَا إِذَا اسْتَقَوْا مِنَ الْمَاءِ فَمَرُّوا عَلَى مَنْ فَوْقَهُمْ آذَوْهُمْ فَقَالُوا لَوْ أَنَّا خَرَقْنَا فِي نَصِيبِنَا خَرْقًا فَاسْتَقَيْنَا مِنْهُ وَلَمْ نُؤْذِ مَنْ فَوْقَنَا فَإِنْ تَرَكُوهُمْ وَمَا أَرَادُوا هَلَكُوا جَمِيعًا وَإِنْ أَخَذُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيهِمْ نَجَوْا جَمِيعًا  

[Machine] Umm al-Ala al-Ansariyah said, "When the Muhajireen arrived in Medina, the Ansar decided on where to accommodate them. She said, 'Uthman ibn Mazh'un was assigned to stay with us.' Then she mentioned the conversation."  

كَانَتْ أُمُّ الْعَلَاءِ الْأَنْصَارِيَّةُ تَقُولُ لَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ الْمَدِينَةَ اقْتَرَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ عَلَى سُكْنَاهُمْ قَالَتْ فَطَارَ لَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ فِي السُّكْنَى وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

That when the Ansar drew lots as to which of the emigrants should dwell with which of the Ansar, the name of ʿUthman bin Mazun came out (to be in their lot). Um Al-Ala further said, "Uthman stayed with us, and we nursed him when he got sick, but he died. We shrouded him in his clothes, and Allah's Apostle came to our house and I said, (addressing the dead ʿUthman), 'O Abu As-Sa'ib! May Allah be merciful to you. I testify that Allah has blessed you.' The Prophet ﷺ said to me, "How do you know that Allah has blessed him?" I replied, 'I do not know O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! May my parents be sacrificed for you.' Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'As regards ʿUthman, by Allah he has died and I really wish him every good, yet, by Allah, although I am Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I do not know what will be done to him.' Um Al- Ala added, 'By Allah I shall never attest the piety of anybody after him. And what Messenger of Allah ﷺs said made me sad." Um Al-Ala further said, "Once I slept and saw in a dream, a flowing stream for ʿUthman. So I went to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and told him about it, he said, 'That is (the symbol of) his deeds." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2687)   

وَهِيَ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ كَانَتْ بَايَعَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ طَارَ لَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ فِي السُّكْنَى حِينَ اقْتَرَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ عَلَى سُكْنَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَاشْتَكَى فَمَرَّضْنَاهُ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاهُ فِي أَثْوَابِهِ قَالَتْ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ رَحْمَةُ اللهِ عَلَيْكَ أَبَا السَّائِبِ فَشَهَادَتِي أَنْ قَدْ أَكْرَمَكَ اللهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَمَا يُدْرِيكِ ؟ قَالَتْ وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ أَمَّا هُوَ فَقَدْ جَاءَهُ الْيَقِينُ وَإِنِّي لَأَرْجُو لَهُ الْخَيْرَ مِنَ اللهِ وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي وَأَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ مَا يُفْعَلُ بِي وَلَا بِكُمْ قَالَتْ أُمُّ الْعَلَاءِ فَوَاللهِ لَا أُزَكِّي أَحَدًا أَبَدًا قَالَتْ وَأُورِيتُ لِعُثْمَانَ فِي النَّوْمِ عَيْنًا تَجْرِي فَجِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ فَقَالَ ذَاكَ عَمَلُهُ يَجْرِي لَهُ