[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ who said: "Whoever has a partner in ownership of a slave, let him set him free and have his share in his wealth, if he owns any. And if he does not own any wealth, then the slave should work to earn the money for his freedom, without overburdening him."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي مَمْلُوكٍ فَأَعْتَقَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ خَلَاصُهُ فِي مَالِهِ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ اسْتَسْعَى الْعَبْدُ فِي ثَمَنِ رَقَبَتِهِ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever frees a slave from his own property, he must pay the value of the slave from his wealth, if he has wealth. If he does not have wealth, the slave should be evaluated according to a fair value, then the freed slave should contribute to the portion of his owner who did not free him, in a way that is not burdensome upon him."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا فِي مَمْلُوكٍ فَعَلَيْهِ خَلَاصُهُ فِي مَالِهِ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ قُوِّمَ الْعَبْدُ قِيمَةَ عَدْلٍ ثُمَّ يُسْتَسْعَى فِي نَصِيبِ صَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يُعْتِقْ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ  

[Machine] I heard Abu Hurayrah saying, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about a slave who is between two men, and one of them wants to ransom him. He said, 'If the slave is worth his value in property with justice, then the slave should be ransomed based on that. But if the slave does not have any property, then the slave should work and earn until his ransom is paid.'"  

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْعَبْدِ يَكُونُ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ يُعْتِقُ أَحَدُهُمَا نَصِيبَهُ؟ قَالَ قَدْ عَتَقَ الْعَبْدُ يُقَوَّمُ عَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهِ قِيمَةَ عَدْلٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ اسْتَسْعَى الْعَبْدُ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ  

[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ, he said, "Whoever frees a slave that belongs to him, he will have from his wealth what is equal to its value. He should free him by using his own wealth, but if he does not have wealth, then he should work to free the slave without causing any harm or hardship to himself."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ فِي مَمْلُوكٍ فَكَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْمَالِ مَا يَبْلُغُ قِيمَتَهُ أَعْتَقَ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ اسْتُسْعِيَ الْعَبْدُ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ  

[Machine] A man freed a slave that he owned, so the Prophet ﷺ fined him its price. Hammam said: "Qatadah used to say that if he did not have money, he would borrow it."  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ فِي مَمْلُوكٍ فَغَرَّمَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ثَمَنَهُ قَالَ هَمَّامٌ فَكَانَ قَتَادَةُ يَقُولُ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ اسْتَسْعَى  

[Machine] A man emancipated a slave and the Prophet ﷺ approved his emancipation and imposed a fine equal to the remaining price. Qatadah said: "If he does not have money, the slave should be asked for compensation other than his damaged part." 21376 Abu Bakr informed us that Ali reported: "I heard Naysaboori say: 'How good is what'"  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا مِنْ مَمْلُوكٍ فَأَجَازَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عِتْقَهُ وَغَرَّمَهُ بَقِيَّةَ ثَمَنِهِ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ اسْتَسْعَى الْعَبْدُ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ 21376 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثنا عَلِيٌّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّيْسَابُورِيَّ يَقُولُ مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا  

[Machine] About a man from the Banu Udhra of whom he freed a slave he owned upon his death and who had no other wealth. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ freed one-third of it and ordered him to seek out the remaining two-thirds. This was mentioned to Imam al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, and he said: "Whoever presents it is a messenger. Even if he is an intermediary, it is from a man who is not named, is not known, and his hadith is not proven." Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "We opposed some of them with another hadith regarding istisqa' and one of his companions cut him off and said, 'No one should mention a hadith like this unless he knows the hadith due to its weakness.' " 21383. Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us of all this speech and what I mentioned in this chapter from his speech. Abu al-Abbas al-Asamm reported, narrating from al-Rabi', who narrated from al-Shafi'i, and he mentioned it, but I do not know which hadith was presented to him.  

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي عُذْرَةَ مِنْهُمْ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكًا لَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ فَأَعْتَقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثُلُثَهُ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَسْعَى فِي الثُّلُثَيْنِ فَقَدْ ذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِلشَّافِعِيِّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَقَالَ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ هُوَ مُرْسَلٌ وَلَوْ كَانَ مَوْصُولًا كَانَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَمْ يُسَمَّ لَا يُعْرَفُ وَلَمْ يَثْبُتْ حَدِيثُهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَعَارَضَنَا مِنْهُمْ مُعَارِضٌ بِحَدِيثٍ آخَرَ فِي الِاسْتِسْعَاءِ فَقَطَعَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ وَقَالَ لَا يَذْكُرُ مِثْلَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَحَدٌ يَعْرِفُ الْحَدِيثَ لِضَعْفِهِ 21383 أَخْبَرَنَا بِجَمِيعِ هَذَا الْكَلَامِ وَمَا نَقَلْتُهُ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ مِنْ كَلَامِهِ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ فَذَكَرَهُ وَلَا أَدْرِي أِيَّ حَدِيثٍ عُورِضَ بِهِ  

[Machine] The Prophet was asked about a slave who was freed by his master upon his death, but he had no other wealth and had a debt. The Prophet ordered that efforts be made to repay the debt. This narration is narrated by Al-Hajjaj Ibn Arta and he is not a reliable narrator.  

سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ عَبْدٍ أَعْتَقَهُ مَوْلَاهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يَسْعَى فِي الدَّيْنِ وَهَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَرَاوِيهِ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِ  

[Machine] There were thirty companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who would say: When a man frees a slave between himself and another man, he is the guarantor; whether he is wealthy or in debt, the owner of the slave will seek half of his value from him, without any harm or splitting upon him. This is also weak, Hajjaj bin Arta'ah is not reliable and it is narrated from Hajjaj bin Arta'ah from Nafi' from ibn Umar about Saiyaa and it is rejected by Marrah in a group. 21386 Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz told us Ahmad bin Ya'qub ath-Thaqafi narrated to us Abu Jafar Muhammad bin Ahmad at-Tirmidhi narrated to us Abu Khaythama, Zuhair bin Harb, who said: Khalaf bin Hisham and I mentioned to Abdur-Rahman bin Mahdi about al-Hajjaj bin Arta'ah and his likes from trustworthy and reliable narrators. So we mentioned many hadiths of this nature to Abdur-Rahman bin Mahdi. He then mentioned the hadith of al-Hajjaj from Nafi' from ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that if a slave is between two people and one of them frees the slave, his share is that the one who did not free him, if he wishes, guarantees his value. If he does not have it, the slave will seek it from him without it being split upon him. Abdur-Rahman bin Mahdi said, and this is also one of the greatest of freedom. How can this be according to the teachings of the Quran?  

كَانَ ثَلَاثُونَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُونَ إِذَا أَعْتَقَ الرَّجُلُ الْعَبْدَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ إِنْ كَانَ مُوسِرًا وَإِنْ كَانَ مُعْسِرًا سَعَى بِالْعَبْدِ صَاحِبُهُ فِي نِصْفِ قِيمَتِهِ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ وَهَذَا أَيْضًا ضَعِيفٌ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَأَةَ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ أَرْطَاةَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ فِي السِّعَايَةِ وَهُوَ مُنْكَرٌ بِمَرَّةٍ 21386 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الثَّقَفِيُّ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ ثنا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ قَالَ ذَكَرْتُ أَنَا وَخَلَفُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ الْحَجَّاجَ بْنَ أَرْطَاةَ وَخِلَافَهُ عَنِ الثِّقَاتِ وَالْحُفَّاظِ فَتَذَاكَرْنَا مِنْ هَذَا النَّحْوِ أَحَادِيثَ كَثِيرَةً قَالَ فَذَكَرْنَا لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ حَدِيثَ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَضَى أَنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا كَانَ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ فَأَعْتَقَ أَحَدُهُمَا نَصِيبَهُ أَنَّ الَّذِي لَمْ يُعْتِقْ إِنْ شَاءَ ضَمِنَ الْمُعْتِقَ الْقِيمَةَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ اسْتَسْعَى الْعَبْدُ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مِنْ أَعْظَمِ الْفِرْيَةِ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ هَذَا عَلَى مَا  

[Machine] Indeed, a man had freed a portion of a slave for himself, but the Prophet ﷺ did not guarantee him. Ahmad ibn Hanbal said: "It is indeed with the letter 'ta'," meaning the extra burden (of freeing the slave). And Shu'bah al-Athqah did not differentiate between the letter "ta" and "tha." The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "This does not contradict what has been mentioned previously in the hadiths, as it pertains to the one who frees their portion of the slave, they are not responsible for the remaining portion. And Allah knows best."  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبًا لَهُ مِنْ مَمْلُوكٍ فَلَمْ يَضْمَنْهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ إِنَّمَا هُوَ بِالتَّاءِ يَعْنِي التِّلِبَّ وَكَانَ شُعْبَةُ أَلْثَغَ لَمْ يُبَيِّنِ التَّاءَ مِنَ الثَّاءِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَهَذَا لَا يُخَالِفُ مَا مَضَى مِنَ الْأَحَادِيثِ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ فِي الْمُعْسِرِ إِذَا أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبَهُ مِنْ مَمْلُوكٍ فَلَا يَضْمَنُ الْبَاقِي وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ