You recite: ʿafter the payment of legacies he may have bequeathed or debtsʿ [an-Nisaʿ 4:12]. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that debts must be paid before carrying out bequests, [And he ruled] that sons from the same father and mother inherit from one another, but sons from different mothers (but the same father) do not. A man inherits from his brother through his father and mother but not from his brother through his father only.
إِنَّكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَى بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَضَى بِالدَّيْنِ قَبْلَ الْوَصِيَّةِ وَأَنَّ أَعْيَانَ بَنِي الْأُمِّ يَتَوَارَثُونَ دُونَ بَنِي الْعَلاتِ يَرِثُ الرَّجُلُ أَخَاهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ دُونَ أَخِيهِ لِأَبِيهِ