Ali b. Abu Talib's report on the hadith of the sahifah: the last advice of the Prophet ﷺ

'Ali ibn Talib reported that when the illness of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, deepened, he said, "'Ali! Bring me a scapula (shoulder bone) on which I can write something for my community after which they will not go astray." 'Ali said, "I feared that he would die before I could do that, so I said, 'I will remember better than the document.' His head was between my forearm and my leg.

He recommended the prayer, zakat and kind treatment of slaves. he spoke like that until he died." He commanded him to testify, "There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. Anyone who testifies to that is saved from the Fire."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمَّا ثَقُلَ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ ائْتِنِي بِطَبَقٍ أَكْتُبْ فِيهِ مَا لاَ تَضِلُّ أُمَّتِي بَعْدِي فَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَسْبِقَنِي فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي لَأَحْفَظُ مِنْ ذِرَاعَيِ الصَّحِيفَةِ وَكَانَ رَأْسُهُ بَيْنَ ذِرَاعِي وَعَضُدِي

فَجَعَلَ يُوصِي بِالصَّلاَةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ وَقَالَ كَذَاكَ حَتَّى فَاضَتْ نَفْسُهُ وَأَمَرَهُ بِشَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مَنْ شَهِدَ بِهِمَا حُرِّمَ عَلَى النَّارِ  

'Abdullah reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Respond to invitations. Do not reject gifts. Do not beat Muslims."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ أَجِيبُوا الدَّاعِيَ وَلاَ تَرُدُّوا الْهَدِيَّةَ وَلاَ تَضْرِبُوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ  

that the last words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, were: "The prayer! The prayer! Fear Allah concerning your slaves!"  

قَالَ كَانَ آخِرُ كَلاَمِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الصَّلاَةَ الصَّلاَةَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ فِيمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ  

Abu'd-Darda' used to say to people. "We know you better than the veterinarian knows his animals. We recognise the best of you from the worst of you. The best of you is the one whose good is hoped for and the one whose evil you are safe from. As for the worst of you, that is the person whose good is not hoped for and whose evil you are not safe from and he does not free slaves."  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ لِلنَّاسِ نَحْنُ أَعْرَفُ بِكُمْ مِنَ الْبَيَاطِرَةِ بِالدَّوَابِّ قَدْ عَرَفْنَا خِيَارَكُمْ مِنْ شِرَارِكُمْ أَمَّا خِيَارُكُمُ الَّذِي يُرْجَى خَيْرُهُ وَيُؤْمَنُ شَرُّهُ وَأَمَّا شِرَارُكُمْ فَالَّذِي لاَ يُرْجَى خَيْرُهُ وَلاَ يُؤْمَنُ شَرُّهُ وَلاَ يُعْتَقُ مُحَرَّرُهُ  

Abu Umama said, "Ingratitude is typified by someone who refuses to give, lives alone, and beats his slave."  

الْكَنُودُ الَّذِي يَمْنَعُ رِفْدَهُ وَيَنْزِلُ وَحْدَهُ وَيَضْرِبُ عَبْدَهُ  

Al-Hasan reported that a man ordered one of his slaves to draw water using one of his camels and the man fell asleep. The master came with a torch and put it in his face and the slave fell into the well. In the morning, the slave went to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab and 'Umar saw what had happened to his slave and therefore 'Umar set him free."  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَمَرَ غُلاَمًا لَهُ أَنْ يَسْنُوَ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ لَهُ فَنَامَ الْغُلاَمُ فَجَاءَ بِشُعْلَةٍ مِنْ نَارٍ فَأَلْقَاهَا فِي وَجْهِهِ فَتَرَدَّى الْغُلاَمُ فِي بِئْرٍ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ أَتَى عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَرَأَى الَّذِي فِي وَجْهِهِ فَأَعْتَقَهُ  

'Amra reported that 'A'isha had made one of her slavegirls a mudabbar (one who would be set free after her death). Then 'A'isha became ill and her nephews consulted a gypsy doctor. He said, "You are asking me for information about a bewitched woman. A slavegirl of hers has bewitched her." 'A'isha was told and asked the girl, "Have you put a spell on me?" "Yes," she replied. "Why?' she asked. "Because you will never free me," she answered. Then 'A'isha said, "Sell her to the worst masters among the Arabs."  

أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا دَبَّرَتْ أَمَةً لَهَا فَاشْتَكَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَسَأَلَ بَنُو أَخِيهَا طَبِيبًا مِنَ الزُّطِّ فَقَالَ إِنَّكُمْ تُخْبِرُونِي عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ مَسْحُورَةٍ سَحَرَتْهَا أَمَةٌ لَهَا فَأُخْبِرَتْ عَائِشَةُ قَالَتْ سَحَرْتِينِي؟ فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَقَالَتْ وَلِمَ؟ لاَ تَنْجَيْنَ أَبَدًا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ بِيعُوهَا مِنْ شَرِّ الْعَرَبِ مَلَكَةً  

Abu Umama said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came with two slaves and gave one of them to 'Ali and said, 'Do not beat him. I have forbidden beating the people of the prayer and I saw him praying before we came.' He gave Abu Dharr a slave and said, "I recommend that you treat him well,' so Abu Dharr set him free. He said, 'What have you done?' He replied, 'You commanded me to treat him well, so I set him free.'"  

عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ أَقْبَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَعَهُ غُلامَانِ فَوَهَبَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِعَلِيٍّ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ لاَ تَضْرِبْهُ فَإِنِّي نُهِيتُ عَنْ ضَرْبِ أَهْلِ الصَّلاَةِ وَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ يُصَلِّي مُنْذُ أَقْبَلْنَا وَأَعْطَى أَبَا ذَرٍّ غُلاَمًا وَقَالَ اسْتَوْصِ بِهِ مَعْرُوفًا فَأَعْتَقَهُ فَقَالَ مَا فَعَلَ؟ قَالَ أَمَرْتَنِي أَنْ أَسْتَوْصِي بِهِ خَيْرًا فَأَعْتَقْتُهُ  

Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to Madina without any servant. Abu Talha took my hand and brought me to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Prophet of Allah!' This is Anas, a clever and intelligent boy. Let him serve him.'" Anas said, "I served him when he was at home and on journeys from the time he came to Madina until he died, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He never said to me about anything I had done, 'Why did you do this?' nor did he say to me about something I had not done, 'Why did you not do such-and-such?'"  

عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ خَادِمٌ فَأَخَذَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ بِيَدِي فَانْطَلَقَ بِي حَتَّى أَدْخَلَنِي عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ إِنَّ أَنَسًا غُلاَمٌ كَيِّسٌ لَبِيبٌ فَلْيَخْدُمْكَ قَالَ فَخَدَمْتُهُ فِي السَّفَرِ وَالْحَضَرِ مَقْدَمَهُ الْمَدِينَةَ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ ﷺ مَا قَالَ لِي لِشَيْءٍ صَنَعْتُ لِمَ صَنَعْتَ هَذَا هَكَذَا؟ وَلاَ قَالَ لِي لِشَيْءٍ لَمْ أَصْنَعْهُ أَلاَ صَنَعْتَ هَذَا هَكَذَا؟  

Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When a slave steals, sell him, even for a half an awqiya."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا سَرَقَ الْمَمْلُوكُ بِعْهُ وَلَوْ بِنَشٍّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ النَّشُّ عِشْرُونَ وَالنَّوَاةُ خَمْسَةٌ وَالأُوقِيَّةُ أَرْبَعُونَ  

Laqit ibn Sabira reported that his father said, "I went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when a shepherd had driven a lamp into the evening pasture. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Do not suppose that we have a hundred sheep and do not want to give you more than only a lamb. When the shepherd brought the lamb, we sacrificed a sheep in its place.'" Laqit said, "Part of what he said is, 'Do not beat your wife as you would beat your slavegirl. When you wash your nose, snuff up water freely unless you are fasting.'"  

عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَدَفَعَ الرَّاعِي فِي الْمُرَاحِ سَخْلَةً فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لاَ تَحْسِبَنَّ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ لاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ إِنَّ لَنَا غَنَمًا مِئَةً لاَ نُرِيدُ أَنْ تَزِيدَ فَإِذَا جَاءَ الرَّاعِي بِسَخْلَةٍ ذَبَحْنَا مَكَانَهَا شَاةً فَكَانَ فِيمَا قَالَ لاَ تَضْرِبْ ظَعِينَتَكَ كَضَرْبِكَ أَمَتَكَ وَإِذَا اسْتَنْشَقْتَ فَبَالِغْ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ صَائِمًا  

Abu'l-'Aliyya said, "We were ordered to finish off things for the servant and to measure and count because we did not want to allow them to accustom themselves to bad habits nor for anyone to think evil of us."  

أَنْ نَخْتِمَ عَلَى الْخَادِمِ وَنَكِيلَ وَنَعُدَّهَا كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يَتَعَوَّدُوا خُلُقَ سُوءٍ أَوْ يَظُنَّ أَحَدُنَا ظَنَّ سُوءٍ  

Salman said, "I count the soup bones for my slave, fearing people's opinion."  

عَنْ سَلْمَانَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَأَعُدُّ الْعُرَاقَ عَلَى خَادِمِي مَخَافَةَ الظَّنِّ  

same as 168.  

سَمِعْتُ سَلْمَانَ إِنِّي لَأَعُدُّ الْعُرَاقَ خَشْيَةَ الظَّنِّ  

Yazid ibn 'Abdullah said, "'Abdullah ibn 'Umar sent a slave of his with some gold - or silver - and he changed it and deferred the exchange (i.e. he changed gold into silver or vice versa and did not take the money straightaway. This is haram.) Then he went back to Ibn 'Umar who gave him a painful beating. He said, 'Go and take what is mine and do not exchange it!'"  

سَمِعْتُ يَزِيدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ قُسَيْطٍ قَالَ أَرْسَلَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ غُلاَمًا لَهُ بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ بِوَرِقٍ فَصَرَفَهُ فَأَنْظَرَ بِالصَّرْفِ فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَجَلَدَهُ جَلْدًا وَجِيعًا وَقَالَ اذْهَبْ فَخُذِ الَّذِي لِي وَلاَ تَصْرِفْهُ  

Abu Mas'ud said, "I was beating a slave of mine when I heard a voice behind me, 'Know, Abu Mas'ud, that Allah is able to call you to account for this slave.' I turned around and there was the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. I said, 'Messenger of Allah, he is free for the sake of Allah!' He said, 'If you had not done that, the Fire would have touched you (or the Fire would have burned you).'"  

عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ أَضْرِبُ غُلاَمًا لِي فَسَمِعْتُ مِنْ خَلْفِي صَوْتًا اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ لَلَّهُ أَقْدَرُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْكَ عَلَيْهِ فَالْتَفَتُّ فَإِذَا هُوَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ لِوَجْهِ اللهِ فَقَالَ أَمَا لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ لَمَسَّتْكَ النَّارُ أَوْ لَلَفَحَتْكَ النَّارُ  

Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do not say, 'May Allah make your face ugly.'"  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ تَقُولُوا قَبَّحَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَهُ  

Abu Hurayra said, "Do not say, 'May Allah make your face ugly and any face like your face.' Allah Almighty created Adam, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the form that He ordained."  

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ لاَ تَقُولَنَّ قَبَّحَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَكَ وَوَجْهَ مَنْ أَشْبَهَ وَجْهَكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ خَلَقَ آدَمَ ﷺ عَلَى صُورَتِهِ  

Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of you strikes his servant, let him avoid his face."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا ضَرَبَ أَحَدُكُمْ خَادِمَهُ فَلْيَجْتَنِبِ الْوَجْهَ  

Jabir said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by an animal which had been branded and its nostrils were smoking. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Allah curses any person who does this. No one should mark the face nor strike it.'"  

عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِدَابَّةٍ قَدْ وُسِمَ يُدَخِّنُ مَنْخِرَاهُ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ فَعَلَ هَذَا لاَ يَسِمَنَّ أَحَدٌ الْوَجْهَ وَلاَ يَضْرِبَنَّهُ  

Hilal ibn Yasaf said, "We used to sell linen in the house of Suwayd ibn Muqarrin. A slavegirl came out and said something to one of the men and that man slapped her. Suwayd ibn Muqarrin asked him, 'Did you slap her face? We were seven and we only had a single servant. Then one of us slapped her and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered him to set her free.'"  

سَمِعْتُ هِلاَلَ بْنَ يَسَافٍ يَقُولُ كُنَّا نَبِيعُ الْبَزَّ فِي دَارِ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ فَخَرَجَتْ جَارِيَةٌ فَقَالَتْ لِرَجُلٍ شَيْئًا فَلَطَمَهَا ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ سُوَيْدُ بْنُ مُقَرِّنٍ أَلَطَمْتَ وَجْهَهَا؟ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي سَابِعَ سَبْعَةٍ وَمَا لَنَا إِلاَّ خَادِمٌ فَلَطَمَهَا بَعْضُنَا فَأَمَرَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يُعْتِقُهَا  

Ibn 'Umar said, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'The expiation for someone who slaps his slave or beats him more than he deserves is to set him free.'"  

سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ لَطَمَ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ ضَرَبَهُ حَدًّا لَمْ يَأْتِهِ فَكَفَّارَتُهُ عِتْقُهُ  

Mu'awiya ibn Muqarrin said, "I slapped a mawla of mine and he fled. Then my father called me and said, 'I will tell you a story. We, the sons of Muqarrin, were seven, and we had one servant. Then one of us slapped her and that was mentioned to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He said, 'Order them to set her free.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was told. 'She is the only servant they have.' He said, 'Then let them hire her and when they no longer need her, let her go on her way.'"  

فَقَالَ لَهُ اقْتَصَّ كُنَّا وَلَدَ مُقَرِّنٍ سَبْعَةً لَنَا خَادِمٌ فَلَطَمَهَا أَحَدُنَا فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ مُرْهُمْ فَلْيُعْتِقُوهَا فَقِيلَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ خَادِمٌ غَيْرَهَا قَالَ فَلْيَسْتَخْدِمُوهَا فَإِذَا اسْتَغْنَوْا خَلُّوا سَبِيلَهَا  

Shu'ba said, "Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir said to me, 'What is your name?' I replied, 'Shu'ba.' He said, 'Abu Shu'ba related to me that when Suwayd ibn Muqarrin al-Muzani saw a man strike his slave, he said. 'Do you not know that the face is forbidden? In the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, we were seven brothers and we only had one servant. Then one of us slapped him (sic.) and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded that we set him free.'"  

أَنَّ الصُّورَةَ مُحَرَّمَةٌ؟ رَأَيْتُنِي وَإِنِّي سَابِعُ سَبْعَةِ إِخْوَةٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا لَنَا إِلاَّ خَادِمٌ فَلَطَمَهُ أَحَدُنَا فَأَمَرَنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ نُعْتِقَهُ  

Abu 'Umar Zadhan said, "We were with Ibn 'Umar when he summoned a slave of his whom he had beaten and he uncovered his back. 'Does it hurt?' he asked. 'No,' he replied. Then he set him free. He picked up a stick from the ground and then said, 'I do not have a reward (for him) worth as much as this stick.' I asked, 'Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman, why do you say this?' He replied, 'I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "The expiation of someone who beats a slave more than he deserves or slaps his face is that he must set him free."'"  

عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ فَقَالَ أَيُوجِعُكَ؟ قَالَ لاَ فَأَعْتَقَهُ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ عُودًا مِنَ الأَرْضِ فَقَالَ مَالِي فِيهِ مِنَ الأَجْرِ مَا يَزِنُ هَذَا الْعُودَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ لِمَ تَقُولُ هَذَا؟ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ أَوْ قَالَ مَنْ ضَرَبَ مَمْلُوكَهُ حَدًّا لَمْ يَأْتِهِ أَوْ لَطَمَ وَجْهَهُ فَكَفَّارَتُهُ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ  

'Ammar ibn Yasir said, "None of you beats his slave unjustly without the slave receiving retaliation from him on the Day of Rising."  

عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ قَالَ لاَ يَضْرِبُ أَحَدٌ عَبْدًا لَهُ وَهُوَ ظَالِمٌ لَهُ إِلاَّ أُقِيدَ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ  

Abu Layla said, "Salman went out and when his animal fodder fell from the manger, he told his servant, 'If it were not that I fear retaliation, I would make you hurt (i.e. by beating you)."  

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا لَيْلَى قَالَ خَرَجَ سَلْمَانُ فَإِذَا عَلَفُ دَابَّتِهِ يَتَسَاقَطُ مِنَ الْآرِيِّ فَقَالَ لِخَادِمِهِ لَوْلاَ أَنِّي أَخَافُ الْقِصَاصَ لَأَوْجَعْتُكَ  

Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Give people their rights. Even the hornless sheep will take retaliation from the horned sheep."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَتُؤَدُّنَّ الْحُقُوقَ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا حَتَّى يُقَادَ لِلشَّاةِ الْجَمَّاءِ مِنَ الشَّاةِ الْقَرْنَاءِ  

Umm Salama reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was in his house and called for a slave of his (or hers) and she was slow in coming. The anger showed in his face. Umm Salama went to the curtain and found the slavegirl playing. He had a siwak-stick with him and said, '"Were it not that I fear retaliation on the Day of Rising with this siwak."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ فِي بَيْتِهَا فَدَعَا وَصِيفَةً لَهُ أَوْ لَهَا فَأَبْطَأَتْ فَاسْتَبَانَ الْغَضَبُ فِي وَجْهِهِ فَقَامَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ إِلَى الْحِجَابِ فَوَجَدَتِ الْوَصِيفَةَ تَلْعَبُ وَمَعَهُ سِوَاكٌ فَقَالَ لَوْلاَ خَشْيَةُ الْقَوَدِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَأَوْجَعْتُكِ بِهَذَا السِّوَاكِ  

Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "On the Day of Rising, retaliation will be taken from anyone who gives a beating."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ ضَرَبَ ضَرْبًا اقْتُصَّ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ  

same as 185.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ ضَرَبَ ضَرْبًا ظُلْمًا اقْتُصَّ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ  

'Ubada ibn al-Walid said, "My father and I went out to seek knowledge from the Ansar in this area before they died. The first one we met was Abu'l-Yasar, the Companion of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who had one of his slaves with him. Abu'l-Yasar was wearing one striped robe and one mu'afiri robe and his slave was also wearing one striped robe and one mu'afiri robe. I said to him, 'Uncle! Why don't you take your slave's striped robe and give him your mu'afiri robe, or take his mu'afiri robe and give him your striped robe? Then he would have a complete outfit and you would have a complete outfit.' He wiped his head and said, 'O Allah, bless him in it! Nephew, these two eyes of mine have seen and these two ears of mine have heard and my heart has retained,' and he pointed towards his heart, 'that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Feed them from what you yourself eat and clothe them from the clothes you yourself wear." It is easier for me to give him the goods of this world than to have my good actions taken away from me on the Day of Rising.'"  

أَنْ يَهْلِكُوا فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ لَقِينَا أَبُو الْيَسَرِ صَاحِبُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَمَعَهُ غُلاَمٌ لَهُ وَعَلَى أَبِي الْيَسَرِ بُرْدَةٌ وَمَعَافِرِيٌّ وَعَلَى غُلاَمِهِ بُرْدَةٌ وَمَعَافِرِيٌّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا عَمِّي لَوْ أَخَذْتَ بُرْدَةَ غُلاَمِكَ وَأَعْطَيْتَهُ مَعَافِرِيَّكَ أَوْ أَخَذْتَ مَعَافِرِيَّهُ وَأَعْطَيْتَهُ بُرْدَتَكَ كَانَتْ عَلَيْكَ حُلَّةٌ أَوْ عَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ فَمَسَحَ رَأْسِي وَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ فِيهِ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي بَصَرُ عَيْنَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ وَسَمْعُ أُذُنَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ وَوَعَاهُ قَلْبِي وَأَشَارَ إِلَى نِيَاطِ قَلْبِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ أَطْعِمُوهُمْ مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ وَاكْسُوهُمْ مِمَّا تَلْبَسُونَ وَكَانَ أَنْ أُعْطِيَهُ مِنْ مَتَاعِ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ عَلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ حَسَنَاتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ  

Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, advised that slaves should be well-treated. He said, 'Feed them from what you eat and clothe them from what you wear. Do not punish what Allah has created.'"  

سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ يَقُولُ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُوصِي بِالْمَمْلُوكِينَ خَيْرًا وَيَقُولُ أَطْعِمُوهُمْ مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ وَأَلْبِسُوهُمْ مِنْ لَبُوسِكُمْ وَلاَ تُعَذِّبُوا خَلْقَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ  

Al-Ma'rur ibn Suwayd said, "I saw Abu Dharr wearing a robe and his slave was also wearing a robe. We asked him about that and he said, 'I insulted a man and he complained about me to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, 'Did you insult him by his mother?' 'Yes,' I replied. He said, 'Your brothers are your property. Allah has put them under your authority. If someone has his brother under his authority, he should feed him from what he eats and clothe him from what he wears and not burden him with anything that will be too much for him. If you burden him with what will be too much for him, then help him.'"  

عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَابَبْتُ رَجُلاً فَشَكَانِي إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَعَيَّرْتَهُ بِأُمِّهِ؟ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ إِخْوَانَكُمْ خَوَلُكُمْ جَعَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَحْتَ أَيْدِيكُمْ فَمَنْ كَانَ أَخُوهُ تَحْتَ يَدَيْهِ فَلْيُطْعِمْهُ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ وَلْيُلْبِسْهُ مِمَّا يَلْبَسُ وَلاَ تُكَلِّفُوهُمْ مَا يَغْلِبُهُمْ فَإِنْ كَلَّفْتُمُوهُمْ مَا يَغْلِبُهُمْ فَأَعِينُوهُمْ  

Sallam ibn 'Amr reported from one of the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Your slaves are your brothers, so treat him well. Ask for their help in what is too much for you and help them in what is too much for them."  

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَرِقَّاكُمْ إِخْوَانُكُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا إِلَيْهِمْ اسْتَعِينُوهُمْ عَلَى مَا غَلَبَكُمْ وَأَعِينُوهُمْ عَلَى مَا غُلِبُوا  

Abu Hurayra said, 'Help the worker in his work. The one who works for Allah will not be disappointed," i.e. the servant.  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَعِينُوا الْعَامِلَ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ فَإِنَّ عَامِلَ اللهِ لاَ يَخِيبُ يَعْنِي الْخَادِمَ  

Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The slave has his food and clothing. Do not burden a slave with work which he is incapable of doing."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لِلْمَمْلُوكِ طَعَامُهُ وَكِسْوَتُهُ وَلاَ يُكَلَّفُ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا لاَ يُطِيقُ  

Same as 192.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِلْمَمْلُوكِ طَعَامُهُ وَكِسْوَتُهُ وَلاَ يُكَلَّفُ إِلاَّ مَا يُطِيقُ  

Ma'rur said, "We passed by Abu Dharr and he was wearing a garment and his slave had a robe on. We said, 'Why do you not take this and give this man something else instead of the robe?' He replied that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Allah has put your brothers under your authority. If someone has his brother under his authority, he should feed him from what he eats and clothe him from what he wears and not burden him with what will be too much for him. If he burdens him with what will be too much for him, he should help him.'"  

قَالَ مَعْرُورٌ مَرَرْنَا بِأَبِي ذَرٍّ وَعَلَيْهِ ثَوْبٌ وَعَلَى غُلاَمِهِ حُلَّةٌ فَقُلْنَا لَوْ أَخَذْتَ هَذَا وَأَعْطَيْتَ هَذَا غَيْرَهُ كَانَتْ حُلَّةٌ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِخْوَانُكُمْ جَعَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَحْتَ أَيْدِيكُمْ فَمَنْ كَانَ أَخُوهُ تَحْتَ يَدِهِ فَلْيُطْعِمْهُ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ وَلْيُلْبِسْهُ مِمَّا يَلْبَسُ وَلاَ يُكَلِّفْهُ مَا يَغْلِبُهُ فَإِنْ كَلَّفَهُ مَا يَغْلِبُهُ فَلْيُعِنْهُ عَلَيْهِ  

Al-Miqdam heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "What you feed yourself is sadaqa. What you feed your child, your wife and your servant is sadaqa."  

سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَا أَطْعَمْتَ نَفْسَكَ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ وَمَا أَطْعَمْتَ وَلَدَكَ وَزَوْجَتَكَ وَخَادِمَكَ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ  

Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The best sadaqa is that which leaves you free of want. The upper hand is better than the lower hand. Begin with those you look after. Your wife says, 'Spend on me or divorce me.' Your slave says, 'Spend on me or sell me.' Your child asks, 'On whom can we rely?'"  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَيْرُ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا بَقَّى غِنًى وَالْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى وَابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ تَقُولُ امْرَأَتُكَ أَنْفِقْ عَلَيَّ أَوْ طَلِّقْنِي وَيَقُولُ مَمْلُوكُكَ أَنْفِقْ عَلَيَّ أَوْ بِعْنِي وَيَقُولُ وَلَدُكَ إِلَى مَنْ تَكِلُنَا  

Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded sadaqa. A man said, 'I have a dinar.' He said, 'Spend it on yourself.' He said, 'I have another.' He said, 'Spend it on your wife.' He said, 'I have another.' He said, 'Spend it on your servant and then on whomever you see fit.'"  

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ عِنْدِي دِينَارٌ قَالَ أَنْفِقْهُ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ قَالَ عِنْدِي آخَرُ قَالَ أَنْفِقْهُ عَلَى زَوْجَتِكَ قَالَ عِنْدِي آخَرُ قَالَ أَنْفِقْهُ عَلَى خَادِمِكَ ثُمَّ أَنْتَ أَبْصَرُ  

Ibn Jurayj related that Abu'z-Zubayr heard him ask Jabir about when a man's servant has finished his work and heat (i.e. cooking). Did the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, command that the servant be invited to eat? "Yes," he replied. If one of you dislikes to have his servant eat with him, he should give him his food by his own hand.'"  

عَنْ خَادِمِ الرَّجُلِ إِذَا كَفَاهُ الْمَشَقَّةَ وَالْحَرَّ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يَدْعُوهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَإِنْ كَرِهَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ مَعَهُ فَلْيُطْعِمْهُ أُكْلَةً فِي يَدِهِ  

Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, advised that slaves be well treated. He said, 'Feed them from what you eat and clothe them from what you wear and do not punish Allah's creation.'"  

سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ يَقُولُ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُوصِي بِالْمَمْلُوكِينَ خَيْرًا وَيَقُولُ أَطْعِمُوهُمْ مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ وَأَلْبِسُوهُمْ مِنْ لَبُوسِكُمْ وَلاَ تُعَذِّبُوا خَلْقَ اللهِ  

Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of your servants brings you food, he should sit with him. If you do not accept that, then you should give it to him.'"  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا جَاءَ أَحَدَكُمْ خَادِمُهُ بِطَعَامِهِ فَلْيُجْلِسْهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْبَلْ فَلْيُنَاوِلْهُ مِنْهُ  

Abu Mahdhura said, "I was sitting with 'Umar when Safwan ibn Umayya brought him a bowl which some people were carrying in a robe. They set it down in front of 'Umar. 'Umar then invited some poor people and some slaves belonging to the people around him and they ate with him. Then he aid, 'Allah will do a people - or else he said, 'Allah will curse a people' - who dislike having their slaves eat with them.' Safwan said, 'By Allah, we do not dislike them, but we prefer ourselves to them, and by Allah, we do not find good food which we can eat and feed it to them as well.'"  

قَالَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَعَلَ اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ أَوْ قَالَ لَحَا اللَّهُ قَوْمًا يَرْغَبُونَ عَنْ أَرِقَّائِهِمْ أَنْ يَأْكُلُوا مَعَهُمْ فَقَالَ صَفْوَانُ أَمَا وَاللَّهِ مَا نَرْغَبُ عَنْهُمْ وَلَكِنَّا نَسْتَأْثِرُ عَلَيْهِمْ لاَ نَجْدُ وَاللَّهِ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ الطِّيبِ مَا نَأْكُلُ وَنُطْعِمُهُمْ  

'Abdullah ibn 'Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the slave advises his master and is assiduous in the worship of his Lord, he receives a double reward."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا نَصَحَ لِسَيِّدِهِ وَأَحْسَنَ عِبَادَةَ رَبِّهِ لَهُ أَجْرُهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ  

'Three have a double reward: one of the People of the Book who believes in his Prophet and then believes in Muhammad has two rewards. When a slave carries out the due of Allah and the due of his master, he has a double reward. And (the third is) a man who has a slavegirl with whom he has intercourse and teaches her well and instructs her well and then sets her free and marries her. He has two rewards.'"  

قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِعَامِرٍ الشَّعْبِيِّ يَا أَبَا عَمْرٍو إِنَّا نَتَحَدَّثُ عِنْدَنَا أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا أَعْتَقَ أُمَّ وَلَدِهِ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا كَانَ كَالرَّاكِبِ بَدَنَتَهُ فَقَالَ عَامِرٌ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بُرْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثَلاَثَةٌ لَهُمْ أَجْرَانِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ آمَنَ بِنَبِيِّهِ وَآمَنَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ وَالْعَبْدُ الْمَمْلُوكُ إِذَا أَدَّى حَقَّ اللهِ وَحَقَّ مَوَالِيهِ وَرَجُلٌ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ أَمَةٌ يَطَأهَا فَأَدَّبَهَا فَأَحْسَنَ تَأْدِيبَهَا وَعَلَّمَهَا فَأَحْسَنَ تَعْلِيمَهَا ثُمَّ أَعْتَقَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ قَالَ عَامِرٌ أَعْطَيْنَاكَهَا بِغَيْرِ شَيْءٍ وَقَدْ كَانَ يَرْكَبُ فِيمَا دُونَهَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ  

Abu Musa reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The slave who is excellent in the worship of his Lord and fulfils the duties of obedience and counsel which he owes to his master, has two rewards."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَمْلُوكُ الَّذِي يُحْسِنُ عِبَادَةَ رَبِّهِ وَيُؤَدِّي إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ الَّذِي فُرِضَ الطَّاعَةُ وَالنَّصِيحَةُ لَهُ أَجْرَانِ  

Abu Burda reported from his father that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The slave has two rewards when he carries out Allah's due in worship (or he said that he is excellent in his worship) and the right of his owner who owns him."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَمْلُوكُ لَهُ أَجْرَانِ إِذَا أَدَّى حَقَّ اللهِ فِي عِبَادَتِهِ أَوْ قَالَ فِي حُسْنِ عِبَادَتِهِ وَحَقَّ مَلِيكِهِ الَّذِي يَمْلِكُهُ