47. Sūrat Muḥammad

٤٧۔ سُورَةُ مُحَمّد

47.6 The hypocrites are those on whose hearts, God has set a seal.

٤٧۔٦ مقطع في سُورَةُ مُحَمّد

quran:47:16

And among them, ˹O Muhammad˺, are those who listen to you, until when they depart from you, they say to those who were given knowledge, "What has he said just now?" Those are the ones of whom Allah has sealed over their hearts and who have followed their ˹own˺ desires.  

And there are some among them, namely, the disbelievers, who listen to you, during the Friday sermon — and these are the hypocrites; until, when they go forth from you, they say to those who have been given knowledge, that is to say, to the knowledgeable ones among the Companions ˹of the Prophet˺, such as ˹‘Abd Allāh˺ Ibn Mas‘ūd and ˹‘Abd Allāh˺ Ibn ‘Abbās, in derision and mockery: ‘What was he saying just now?’ (read ānifan or anifan, meaning al-sā‘a, ‘just now’). In other words, ˹they mean to say˺ ‘we will not go back to ˹listen to˺ him again’. Those are the ones on whose hearts God has set a seal, of disbelief, and who follow their own desires, in ˹acting with˺ hypocrisy.
القرآن:٤٧:١٦

وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْتَمِعُ إِلَيْكَ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا خَرَجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِكَ قَالُوا لِلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ مَاذَا قَالَ آنِفًا ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ وَاتَّبَعُوا أَهْوَاءَهُمْ  

{ومنهم} أي الكفار {من يستمع إليك} في خطبة الجمعة وهم المنافقون {حتى إذا خرجوا من عندك قالوا للذين أوتوا العلم} لعلماء الصحابة منهم ابن مسعود وابن عباس استهزاء وسخرية {ماذا قال آنفا} بالمد والقصر، الساعة، أي لا نرجع إليه {أولئك الذين طبع الله على قلوبهم بالكفر {واتبعوا أهواءهم} في النفاق.
quran:47:17

And those who are guided - He increases them in guidance and gives them their righteousness.  

But those who are ˹rightly˺ guided, namely, the believers, He, God, enhances their guidance and invests them with fear ˹of Him˺, He inspires them to ˹do˺ that by which they can be wary of ˹ending up in˺ the Fire.
القرآن:٤٧:١٧

وَالَّذِينَ اهْتَدَوْا زَادَهُمْ هُدًى وَآتَاهُمْ تَقْوَاهُمْ  

{والذين اهتدوا} وهم المؤمنون {زادهم} الله {هدىّ وآتاهم تقواهم} ألهمهم ما يتقون به النار.
quran:47:18

Then do they await except that the Hour should come upon them unexpectedly? But already there have come ˹some of˺ its indications. Then what good to them, when it has come, will be their remembrance?  

Do they, then, await, they do not await, namely, the disbelievers of Mecca, anything except that the Hour should come upon them (an ta’tiyahum is an inclusive substitution for al-sā‘ata, ‘the Hour’; in other words, it cannot be other than that it will come upon them ˹…˺) suddenly? For already its portents, the signs thereof, have come, among which are the sending of the Prophet (s), the splitting of the Moon ˹Q. 54:1˺ and the Smoke ˹Q. 44:10˺. So, when it, the Hour, has come upon them, for what ˹benefit˺ will their reminder be?, their remembering; in other words, it will be of no benefit to them.
القرآن:٤٧:١٨

فَهَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا السَّاعَةَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُمْ بَغْتَةً ۖ فَقَدْ جَاءَ أَشْرَاطُهَا ۚ فَأَنَّىٰ لَهُمْ إِذَا جَاءَتْهُمْ ذِكْرَاهُمْ  

{فهل ينظرون} ما ينتظرون، أي كفار مكة {إلا الساعة أن تأتيهم} بدل اشتمال من الساعة، أي ليس الأمر إلا أن تأتيهم {بغتة} فجأة {فقد جاء أشرطها} علاماتها: منها النبي ﷺ وانشقاق القمر والدخان {فأنَّى لهم إذا جاءتهم} الساعة {ذكراهم} تذكرهم، أي لا ينفعهم.
quran:47:19

So know, ˹O Muhammad˺, that there is no deity except Allah and ask forgiveness for your sin and for the believing men and believing women. And Allah knows of your movement and your resting place.  

Know, then, that there is no god except God, that is to say, adhere, O Muhammad (s), to knowledge of this ˹fact˺ that will benefit you at the Resurrection, and ask forgiveness for your sin — this was said to him, despite his infallibility (‘isma), so that his community might emulate him ˹in this respect˺. Indeed he did do this. The Prophet (s) said, ‘Verily I do ask God for forgiveness a hundred times every day’ — and for the believing men and believing women — herein is an honouring for them, by having their Prophet enjoined to ask forgiveness for them. And God knows your going to and fro, your bustle during the day in pursuit of your business, and your place of rest, when you retire to where you sleep at night. In other words, He has knowledge of all your states, nothing of which can be hidden from Him, so be mindful of Him — the address ˹in this verse˺ is meant for believers as well as others.
القرآن:٤٧:١٩

فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنْبِكَ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مُتَقَلَّبَكُمْ وَمَثْوَاكُمْ  

(فاعلم أنه لا إله إلا الله) أي دم يا محمد على علمك بذلك النافع في القيامة (واستغفر لذنبك) لأجله قيل له ذلك مع عصمته لتستن به أمته، وقد فعله قال ﷺ : "" إني لأستغفر الله في كل يوم مائة مرة "" (وللمؤمنين والمؤمنات) فيه إكرام لهم بأمر نبيهم بالاستغفار لهم (والله يعلم متقلبكم) متصرفكم لأشغالكم في النهار (ومثواكم) مأواكم إلى مضاجعكم بالليل، أي هو عالم بجميع أحوالكم لا يخفى عليه شيء منها فاحذروه، والخطاب للمؤمنين وغيرهم.