“The first matter concerning which judgment will be passed among the people on the Day of Resurrection will be bloodshed.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ  

“No person is killed wrongfully, but a share of responsibility for his blood will be upon, the first son of Adam, because he was the first one to kill.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ تُقْتَلُ نَفْسٌ ظُلْمًا إِلاَّ كَانَ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ الأَوَّلِ كِفْلٌ مِنْ دَمِهَا لأَنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ سَنَّ الْقَتْلَ  

The first matter concerning which judgment will be passed among the people on the Day of Resurrection will be bloodshed.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ  

“Whoever meets Allah (SWT) not associating anything in worship with him, and not having shed any blood unlawfully, will enter Paradise.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ لاَ يُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَتَنَدَّ بِدَمٍ حَرَامٍ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ  

“If this world were to be destroyed, that would be less significant before Allah (SWT) than the unlawful killing of a believer.”  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَزَوَالُ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ قَتْلِ مُؤْمِنٍ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ  

“Whoever helps to kill a believer, even with half a world, he will meet Allah (SWT) with (the words) written between his eyes, 'He has no hope of the mercy of Allah (SWT).”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَعَانَ عَلَى قَتْلِ مُؤْمِنٍ بِشَطْرِ كَلِمَةٍ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ ﷻ مَكْتُوبٌ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ آيِسٌ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ  

“Ibn Abbas was asked about one who kills a believer deliberately, then repents, believes, does righteous deeds and follows true guidance. He said: 'Woe to him can there be any guidance for him? I heard your Prophet ﷺ say: “The killer and his victim will be brought on the day of Resurrection, with slain holding onto the head of his killer, saying: 'O Lord, ask this one, why did he kill me?” By Allah (SWT), Allah (SWT) the Mighty and Sublime revealed it to your Prophet ﷺ then He did not abrogate it after He revealed it.”  

سَمِعْتُ نَبِيَّكُمْ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَجِيءُ الْقَاتِلُ وَالْمَقْتُولُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِرَأْسِ صَاحِبِهِ يَقُولُ رَبِّ سَلْ هَذَا لِمَ قَتَلَنِي وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ أَنْزَلَهَا اللَّهُ ﷻ عَلَى نَبِيِّكُمْ ثُمَّ مَا نَسَخَهَا بَعْدَ مَا أَنْزَلَهَا  

“Shall I not tell you what I heard directly from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? I heard it and memorized it: 'A man killed ninety-nine people, then the idea of repentance occurred to him. He asked who was the most knowledgeable of people on earth, and he was told of a man so he went to him and said: “I have killed ninety-nine people. Can I repent?” He said: “After ninety-nine people?!” He said: 'So he drew his sword and killed him, thus completing one hundred. Then the idea of repentance occurred to him (again), so he asked who was the most knowledgeable of people, and he was told of a man (so he went to him) and said: “I have killed one hundred people. Can I repent?” He said: “Woe to you, what is stopping you from repenting? Leave the evil town where you are living and go to a good town, such and such town and worship your Lord there.” So he went out, heading for the good town, but death came to him on the road. The angels of mercy and angels of punishment argued over him. Iblis (Satan) said: “I have more right to him, for he never disobeyed me for a moment.” But the angels of mercy said: “He went out repenting.” (One of the narrators) Hammam said: “Humaid At-Tawil narrated to me from Bakr bin Abdullah that Abu Rafi said: 'So Allah (SWT) sent an angel to whom they referred (the case). He said: “Look and see which of the two towns was he closer, and put him with its people.” (One of the narrators) Qatadah said: “Hasan narrated to us: 'When death came to him he strove and drew closer to the good town, and farther away from the evil town, so they put him with the people of the good town.”  

سَمِعْتُ مِنْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَمِعَتْهُ أُذُنَاىَ وَوَعَاهُ قَلْبِي إِنَّ عَبْدًا قَتَلَ تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ نَفْسًا ثُمَّ عَرَضَتْ لَهُ التَّوْبَةُ فَسَأَلَ عَنْ أَعْلَمِ أَهْلِ الأَرْضِ فَدُلَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَتَلْتُ تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ نَفْسًا فَهَلْ لِي مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ قَالَ بَعْدَ تِسْعَةٍ وَتِسْعِينَ نَفْسًا قَالَ فَانْتَضَى سَيْفَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ فَأَكْمَلَ بِهِ الْمِائَةَ ثُمَّ عَرَضَتْ لَهُ التَّوْبَةُ فَسَأَلَ عَنْ أَعْلَمِ أَهْلِ الأَرْضِ فَدُلَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَتَلْتُ مِائَةَ نَفْسٍ فَهَلْ لِي مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ وَيْحَكَ وَمَنْ يَحُولُ بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ التَّوْبَةِ اخْرُجْ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ الْخَبِيثَةِ الَّتِي أَنْتَ فِيهَا إِلَى الْقَرْيَةِ الصَّالِحَةِ قَرْيَةِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَاعْبُدْ رَبَّكَ فِيهَا فَخَرَجَ يُرِيدُ الْقَرْيَةَ الصَّالِحَةَ فَعَرَضَ لَهُ أَجَلُهُ فِي الطَّرِيقِ فَاخْتَصَمَتْ فِيهِ مَلاَئِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ وَمَلاَئِكَةُ الْعَذَابِ قَالَ إِبْلِيسُ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِهِ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْصِنِي سَاعَةً قَطُّ قَالَ فَقَالَتْ مَلاَئِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ إِنَّهُ خَرَجَ تَائِبًا قَالَ هَمَّامٌ فَحَدَّثَنِي حُمَيْدٌ الطَّوِيلُ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ قَالَ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ ﷻ مَلَكًا فَاخْتَصَمُوا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا فَقَالَ انْظُرُوا أَىَّ الْقَرْيَتَيْنِ كَانَتْ أَقْرَبَ فَأَلْحِقُوهُ بِأَهْلِهَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أَنْبَأَنَا هَمَّامُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الصِّدِّيقِ النَّاجِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ أَلاَ أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِمَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَمِعَتْهُ أُذُنَاىَ وَوَعَاهُ قَلْبِي إِنَّ عَبْدًا قَتَلَ تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ نَفْسًا ثُمَّ عَرَضَتْ لَهُ التَّوْبَةُ فَسَأَلَ عَنْ أَعْلَمِ أَهْلِ الأَرْضِ فَدُلَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَتَلْتُ تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ نَفْسًا فَهَلْ لِي مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ قَالَ بَعْدَ تِسْعَةٍ وَتِسْعِينَ نَفْسًا قَالَ فَانْتَضَى سَيْفَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ فَأَكْمَلَ بِهِ الْمِائَةَ ثُمَّ عَرَضَتْ لَهُ التَّوْبَةُ فَسَأَلَ عَنْ أَعْلَمِ أَهْلِ الأَرْضِ فَدُلَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَتَلْتُ مِائَةَ نَفْسٍ فَهَلْ لِي مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ وَيْحَكَ وَمَنْ يَحُولُ بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ التَّوْبَةِ اخْرُجْ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ الْخَبِيثَةِ الَّتِي أَنْتَ فِيهَا إِلَى الْقَرْيَةِ الصَّالِحَةِ قَرْيَةِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَاعْبُدْ رَبَّكَ فِيهَا فَخَرَجَ يُرِيدُ الْقَرْيَةَ الصَّالِحَةَ فَعَرَضَ لَهُ أَجَلُهُ فِي الطَّرِيقِ فَاخْتَصَمَتْ فِيهِ مَلاَئِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ وَمَلاَئِكَةُ الْعَذَابِ قَالَ إِبْلِيسُ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِهِ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْصِنِي سَاعَةً قَطُّ قَالَ فَقَالَتْ مَلاَئِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ إِنَّهُ خَرَجَ تَائِبًا قَالَ هَمَّامٌ فَحَدَّثَنِي حُمَيْدٌ الطَّوِيلُ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ قَالَ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ ﷻ مَلَكًا فَاخْتَصَمُوا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا فَقَالَ انْظُرُوا أَىَّ الْقَرْيَتَيْنِ كَانَتْ أَقْرَبَ فَأَلْحِقُوهُ بِأَهْلِهَا قَالَ قَتَادَةُ فَحَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ قَالَ لَمَّا حَضَرَهُ الْمَوْتُ احْتَفَزَ بِنَفْسِهِ فَقَرُبَ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ الصَّالِحَةِ وَبَاعَدَ مِنْهُ الْقَرْيَةَ الْخَبِيثَةَ فَأَلْحَقُوهُ بِأَهْلِ الْقَرْيَةِ الصَّالِحَةِ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ  

“Whoever suffers from killing or wounding, has the choice of three things, and if he wants the fourth then restrain him. He may kill (the killer), or forgive him, or take the blood money. Whoever accepts any of these (options), then kills (the killer) after that will have the fire of hell to abide therein forever.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ أُصِيبَ بِدَمٍ أَوْ خَبْلٍ وَالْخَبْلُ الْجُرْحُ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ بَيْنَ إِحْدَى ثَلاَثٍ فَإِنْ أَرَادَ الرَّابِعَةَ فَخُذُوا عَلَى يَدَيْهِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ أَوْ يَأْخُذَ الدِّيَةَ فَمَنْ فَعَلَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَعَادَ فَإِنَّ لَهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدًا مُخَلَّدًا فِيهَا أَبَدًا  

“If a person's relative is killed, he has the choice of two things: He may either have the killer killed, or he may demand the blood money.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ قُتِلَ لَهُ قَتِيلٌ فَهُوَ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَرَيْنِ إِمَّا أَنْ يَقْتُلَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ يُفْدَى  

“My father and my paternal uncle, who were present at Hunain with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ narrated to me: 'The Prophet ﷺ prayed Zuhr, then he sat beneath a tree. Aqra' bin Habis, who was the chief of Khindaf, came to him arguing in defense of Muhallim bin Jaththamah. Uyainah bin Hisn came to him demanding vengeance for 'Amir bin Adbat who was from the tribe of Ashja. The Prophet ﷺ said to them: “Will you accept the blood money?'” But they refused. Then a man from Banu Laith, whose name was Mukaital, stood up and said: 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! By Allah (SWT)! This man who was killed in the early days of Islam is like Sheep that come to drink but stones are thrown at them, so the last of them runs away (i.e. ,the murderer should be killed).' The Prophet ﷺ said: 'You will have fifty (camels) while we are traveling and fifty (camels) when we return.' So they accepted the blood money.”  

حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي وَعَمِّي وَكَانَا شَهِدَا حُنَيْنًا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالاَ صَلَّى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ الأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ وَهُوَ سَيِّدُ خِنْدِفَ يَرُدُّ عَنْ دَمِ مُحَلِّمِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ وَقَامَ عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ حِصْنٍ يَطْلُبُ بِدَمِ عَامِرِ بْنِ الأَضْبَطِ وَكَانَ أَشْجَعِيًّا فَقَالَ لَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ تَقْبَلُونَ الدِّيَةَ فَأَبَوْا فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي لَيْثٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ مُكَيْتِلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهِ مَا شَبَّهْتُ هَذَا الْقَتِيلَ فِي غُرَّةِ الإِسْلاَمِ إِلاَّ كَغَنَمٍ وَرَدَتْ فَرُمِيَتْ فَنَفَرَ آخِرُهَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَكُمْ خَمْسُونَ فِي سَفَرِنَا وَخَمْسُونَ إِذَا رَجَعْنَا فَقَبِلُوا الدِّيَةَ  

“Whoever kills deliberately, he will be handed over to the heirs of the victim. If they want, they may kill him, or if they want, they may accept the blood money, which is thirty Hiqqah, thirty Jadha'ah and forty Khalifah. This is the blood money for deliberate slaying. Whatever is settled by reconciliation belongs to them, and that is a binding covenant.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ قَتَلَ عَمْدًا دُفِعَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْقَتِيلِ فَإِنْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوا وَإِنْ شَاءُوا أَخَذُوا الدِّيَةَ وَذَلِكَ ثَلاَثُونَ حِقَّةً وَثَلاَثُونَ جَذَعَةً وَأَرْبَعُونَ خَلِفَةً وَذَلِكَ عَقْلُ الْعَمْدِ مَا صُولِحُوا عَلَيْهِ فَهُوَ لَهُمْ وَذَلِكَ تَشْدِيدُ الْعَقْلِ  

“Killing by mistake that resembles intentionally, is killing with a whip or stick, for which the blood money is one hundred camels, of which forty should be pregnant she-camels in middle of their pregnancies, with their young in their wombs.” Another chain reports a similar hadith.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ قَتِيلُ الْخَطَإِ شِبْهِ الْعَمْدِ قَتِيلُ السَّوْطِ وَالْعَصَا مِائَةٌ مِنَ الإِبِلِ أَرْبَعُونَ مِنْهَا خَلِفَةً فِي بُطُونِهَا أَوْلاَدُهَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ خَالِدٍ الْحَذَّاءِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَوْسٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَحْوَهُ  

the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up on the Day of the conquest of Makkah, on the steps of the Ka'bah. He praised and glorified Allah (SWT), then he said: “Praise is to Allah (SWT) who has fulfilled His promise, granted victory to His slave and defeated the Confederates alone. The one who is killed by mistake is the one who is killed with a whip or a stick; for him the blood money is one hundred camels, of which forty should be pregnant she-camels with their youngs in their wombs. Every custom of Ignorance period, and every blood claim, is beneath these two feet of mine (i.e. is abolished), except for the custodianship of the Ka'bah and the provision of water for the pilgrims, which I confirm still belong to the people to whom they belonged before.”  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَامَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ وَهُوَ عَلَى دَرَجِ الْكَعْبَةِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي صَدَقَ وَعْدَهُ وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ وَهَزَمَ الأَحْزَابَ وَحْدَهُ أَلاَ إِنَّ قَتِيلَ الْخَطَإِ قَتِيلَ السَّوْطِ وَالْعَصَا فِيهِ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الإِبِلِ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعُونَ خَلِفَةً فِي بُطُونِهَا أَوْلاَدُهَا أَلاَ إِنَّ كَلَّ مَأْثُرَةٍ كَانَتْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَدَمٍ تَحْتَ قَدَمَىَّ هَاتَيْنِ إِلاَّ مَا كَانَ مِنْ سِدَانَةِ الْبَيْتِ وَسِقَايَةِ الْحَاجِّ أَلاَ إِنِّي قَدْ أَمْضَيْتُهُمَا لأَهْلِهِمَا كَمَا كَانَا  

the Messenger of Allah ﷺ set the blood money at twelve thousand (Dirham).  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ الدِّيَةَ اثْنَىْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا  

“Whoever is killed by mistake, his blood money in camels is thirty Bint Makhad (a one-year-old she-camel), thirty Bint Labun (a two-year-old she-camel), thirty Hiqqah (a three-year-old she-camel) and ten Bani Labun (two-years-old male-camel).” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fix the value (of the blood money for accidental killing) among town-dwellers at four hundred Dinar or the equivalent value in silver. When he calculated the price in terms of camels (for Bedouins), it would vary from one time to another. When prices roses, the value (in dinars) would rise: and when prices fell, the value (in Dinar) would fall. At the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ the value was between four hundred and eight hundred dinar, or the equivalent value in silver, eight thousand Dirham. And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that if a person's blood money was paid in cattle, among those who kept cattle, the amount was two hundred cows; and if person's blood money was paid in sheep, among those who kept sheep, the value was two thousand sheep. (Hasan).  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ قُتِلَ خَطَأً فَدِيَتُهُ مِنَ الإِبِلِ ثَلاَثُونَ بِنْتَ مَخَاضٍ وَثَلاَثُونَ ابْنَةَ لَبُونٍ وَثَلاَثُونَ حِقَّةً وَعَشَرَةُ بَنِي لَبُونٍ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُقَوِّمُهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْقُرَى أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ أَوْ عَدْلَهَا مِنَ الْوَرِقِ وَيُقَوِّمُهَا عَلَى أَزْمَانِ الإِبِلِ إِذَا غَلَتْ رَفَعَ فِي ثَمَنِهَا وَإِذَا هَانَتْ نَقَصَ مِنْ ثَمَنِهَا عَلَى نَحْوِ الزَّمَانِ مَا كَانَ فَبَلَغَ قِيمَتُهَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا بَيْنَ الأَرْبَعِمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ إِلَى ثَمَانِمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ أَوْ عَدْلُهَا مِنَ الْوَرِقِ ثَمَانِيَةُ آلاَفِ دِرْهَمٍ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّ مَنْ كَانَ عَقْلُهُ فِي الْبَقَرِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَقَرِ مِائَتَىْ بَقَرَةٍ وَمَنْ كَانَ عَقْلُهُ فِي الشَّاءِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الشَّاءِ أَلْفَىْ شَاةٍ  

“The blood money of one who killed by mistake is twenty Hiqqah (three-year-old she camels), twenty Jadha'ah (four year old she camels), twenty Bint Makhad (one year old she camel), twenty Bint Labun (two year old she camels), and twenty Bani Makhad (one year old she camels).”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي دِيَةِ الْخَطَإِ عِشْرُونَ حِقَّةً وَعِشْرُونَ جَذَعَةً وَعِشْرُونَ بِنْتَ مَخَاضٍ وَعِشْرُونَ بِنْتَ لَبُونٍ وَعِشْرُونَ بَنِي مَخَاضٍ ذُكُورٍ  

the Prophet ﷺ set the blood money at twelve thousand (Dirham). He said: “This is what Allah says: 'And they could not find any cause to do so except that Allah and his Messenger ﷺ had enriched them of His bounty.'” He said: “By their taking the blood money.”  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ جَعَلَ الدِّيَةَ اثْنَىْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا قَالَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ {وَمَا نَقَمُوا إِلاَّ أَنْ أَغْنَاهُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ} قَالَ بِأَخْذِهِمُ الدِّيَةَ  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that the blood money must be paid by the 'Aqilah.”  

قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالدِّيَةِ عَلَى الْعَاقِلَةِ  

“I am the heir of the one who has no heir, and I will pay blood money on his behalf and inherit from him, and the maternal uncle is the heir of the one who has no heir; he pays the blood money on his behalf and inherits from him.'”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَا وَارِثُ مَنْ لاَ وَارِثَ لَهُ أَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَأَرِثُهُ وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لاَ وَارِثَ لَهُ يَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَيَرِثُهُ  

“Whoever kills out of folly or for tribal motives, using a rock, a whip, or a stick; he must pay the blood money for killing by mistake. Whoever kills deliberately, he is to be killed in retaliation. Whoever tries to prevent that, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels and all the people, and no change nor equitable exchange will be accepted from him.”  

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ فِي عِمِّيَّةٍ أَوْ عَصَبِيَّةٍ بِحَجَرٍ أَوْ سَوْطٍ أَوْ عَصًا فَعَلَيْهِ عَقْلُ الْخَطَإِ وَمَنْ قَتَلَ عَمْدًا فَهُوَ قَوَدٌ وَمَنْ حَالَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَالْمَلاَئِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ لاَ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلاَ عَدْلٌ  

a man struck another man on the wrist with his sword and severed it, not at the joint. He appealed to the Prophet ﷺ who ordered that the Diyah be paid. The man said: “O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I want retaliation.” He said: “Take the compensation and may Allah bless you therein.” And he did not rule that he be allowed retaliation.  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً ضَرَبَ رَجُلاً عَلَى سَاعِدِهِ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَطَعَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَفْصِلٍ فَاسْتَعْدَى عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِالدِّيَةِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الْقِصَاصَ فَقَالَ خُذِ الدِّيَةَ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِيهَا وَلَمْ يَقْضِ لَهُ بِالْقِصَاصِ  

“There is no retaliation for a head wound that does not reach the brain, a spear wound that does not penetrate deeply, or a wound that dislocates a bone.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ قَوَدَ فِي الْمَأْمُومَةِ وَلاَ الْجَائِفَةِ وَلاَ الْمُنَقِّلَةِ  

the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Abu Jahm bin Hudhaifah to collect Sadaqah. A man disputed with him concerning his Sadaqah, and Abu Jahm struck him and wounded his head. They came to Prophet ﷺ and said: “Compensatory money, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ!” The Prophet ﷺ said: “You will have such and such,” but they did not accept that. He said: “You will have such and such,” and they agreed. Then the Prophet ﷺ said: “I am going to address the people and tell them that you agreed.” They said: “Yes.” So the Prophet ﷺ addressed (the people) and said: “These people of Laith came to me seeking compensatory money, and I have offered them such and such. Do you agree?” They said: “No.” The Emigrants wanted to attack them, but the Prophet ﷺ told them not to, so they refrained. Then he called them and offered them more and said: “Do you agree?” They said: “Yes.” He said: “I am going to address the people and tell them that you agreed.” They said: “Yes.” So the Prophet ﷺ addressed (the people) then said: “Do you Agree?” They said: “Yes.”  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ أَبَا جَهْمِ بْنَ حُذَيْفَةَ مُصَدِّقًا فَلاَجَّهُ رَجُلٌ فِي صَدَقَتِهِ فَضَرَبَهُ أَبُو جَهْمٍ فَشَجَّهُ فَأَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالُوا الْقَوَدَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَكُمْ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَلَمْ يَرْضَوْا فَقَالَ لَكُمْ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَرَضُوا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنِّي خَاطِبٌ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَمُخْبِرُهُمْ بِرِضَاكُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ فَخَطَبَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ اللَّيْثِيِّينِ أَتَوْنِي يُرِيدُونَ الْقَوَدَ فَعَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ كَذَا وَكَذَا أَرَضِيتُمْ قَالُوا لاَ فَهَمَّ بِهِمُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يَكُفُّوا فَكَفُّوا ثُمَّ دَعَاهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ فَقَالَ أَرَضِيتُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ إِنِّي خَاطِبٌ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَمُخْبِرُهُمْ بِرِضَاكُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ فَخَطَبَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَرَضِيتُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ ابْنُ مَاجَهْ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ يَحْيَى يَقُولُ تَفَرَّدَ بِهَذَا مَعْمَرٌ لاَ أَعْلَمُ رَوَاهُ غَيْرُهُ  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled concerning a fetus that (the blood money) was a slave, male and female. The one against whom this verdict was passed said: ' Should we pay blood money for one who neither ate, drunk, shouted, nor cried, (at the moment of birth)? One such as this should be overlooked .' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'This man speaks like a poet. (But the blood money for a fetus is) a slave, male, or female.'”  

قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْجَنِينِ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ فَقَالَ الَّذِي قُضِيَ عَلَيْهِ أَنَعْقِلُ مَنْ لاَ شَرِبَ وَلاَ أَكَلْ وَلاَ صَاحَ وَلاَ اسْتَهَلّ وَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ يُطَلّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ هَذَا لَيَقُولُ بِقَوْلِ شَاعِرٍ فِيهِ غُرَّةٌ عَبْدٌ أَوْ أَمَةٌ  

“Umar bin Khattab consulted the people concerning a woman who had been caused to miscarry. Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah said: 'I saw the messenger of Allah ﷺ rule that a slave, male or female, be given as blood money (for a fetus).' 'Umar said: 'Bring me someone who will testify alongside you. So he brought Muhammad bin Maslamah to testify along with him.'”  

الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَضَى فِيهِ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ائْتِنِي بِمَنْ يَشْهَدُ مَعَكَ فَشَهِدَ مَعَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ  

he asked the people about the ruling of the Prophet ﷺ concerning that - concerning a fetus. Hamal bin Malik bin Nabighah stood up and said: “I was between my two wives and one of them struck the other with a tent-pole, killing her and a fetus. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that the blood money for the fetus was a slave, and that she would be killed in retaliation.”  

أَنَّهُ نَشَدَ النَّاسَ قَضَاءَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي ذَلِكَ يَعْنِي فِي الْجَنِينِ فَقَامَ حَمَلُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّابِغَةِ فَقَالَ كُنْتُ بَيْنَ امْرَأَتَيْنِ لِي فَضَرَبَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا الأُخْرَى بِمِسْطَحٍ فَقَتَلَتْهَا وَقَتَلَتْ جَنِينَهَا فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْجَنِينِ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ وَأَنْ تُقْتَلَ بِهَا  

“The blood money is for the near male relatives from the father's side and the wife does not inherit anything from the blood money of her husband,” until Ad-Dahhak bin Sufyan wrote to him, and told him that the Prophet ﷺ ruled that the wife of Ashyam bin Dibabi should inherit from the blood money of her husband.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَرَّثَ امْرَأَةَ أَشْيَمَ الضِّبَابِيِّ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا  

That the Prophet ﷺ ruled that Hamal bin Malik Hudhali Al-Lihyani should inherit from his wife who was killed by his other wife.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَضَى لِحَمَلِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْهُذَلِيِّ اللِّحْيَانِيِّ بِمِيرَاثِهِ مِنَ امْرَأَتِهِ الَّتِي قَتَلَتْهَا امْرَأَتُهُ الأُخْرَى  

the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that the blood money for the people of the book is half of that of the blood money for the Muslims, and they are the Jews and Christians.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَضَى أَنَّ عَقْلَ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابَيْنِ نِصْفُ عَقْلِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَهُمُ الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى  

the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The killer does not inherit.”  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْقَاتِلُ لاَ يَرِثُ  

Abu Qatadah, a man from Banu Mudlij, killed his son, and 'Umar took one hundred camels from him, thirty Hiqqah, thirty Jadha'ah and forty Khalifah. Then he said: “Where is the brother of slain? I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: 'The killer does not inherit.'”  

أَنَّ أَبَا قَتَادَةَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي مُدْلِجٍ قَتَلَ ابْنَهُ فَأَخَذَ مِنْهُ عُمَرُ مِائَةً مِنَ الإِبِلِ ثَلاَثِينَ حِقَّةً وَثَلاَثِينَ جَذَعَةً وَأَرْبَعِينَ خَلِفَةً فَقَالَ أَيْنَ أَخُو الْمَقْتُولِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَيْسَ لِقَاتِلٍ مِيرَاثٌ  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that a woman's blood money (if she kills someone) should be paid by her male relatives on her father's side, whoever they are, and they should not inherit anything from her, except what is left over after her heirs have been taken their shares. If she is killed than her blood money is to be shared among her heirs, since they are the ones who may kill the one who killed her.”  

قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَعْقِلَ الْمَرْأَةَ عَصَبَتُهَا مَنْ كَانُوا وَلاَ يَرِثُوا مِنْهَا شَيْئًا إِلاَّ مَا فَضَلَ عَنْ وَرَثَتِهَا وَإِنْ قُتِلَتْ فَعَقْلُهَا بَيْنَ وَرَثَتِهَا فَهُمْ يَقْتُلُونَ قَاتِلَهَا  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that the blood money should be paid by the near male relations from the father's side of the killer, and the such relatives of slain woman said: 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ,her legacy is for us.' He said: 'No, her legacy is for her husband and children.'”  

جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الدِّيَةَ عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الْقَاتِلَةِ فَقَالَتْ عَاقِلَةُ الْمَقْتُولَةِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مِيرَاثُهَا لَنَا قَالَ لاَ مِيرَاثُهَا لِزَوْجِهَا وَوَلَدِهَا  

“Rubai, the paternal aunt of Anas, broke the tooth of a girl and they (her family) asked (the girl's family) to let her off, but they refused. They offered to pay compensatory money, but they refused. So they came to Prophet ﷺ who ordered retaliation. Anas bin Nadr said: 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, will the tooth of Rubai' be broken? By the One Who sent you with the truth, it will not be broken!' The Prophet ﷺ said: 'O Anas, what Allah has decreed is retaliation.' So the people accepted that and forgave her. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'there are among the slaves of Allah those who, if they swear by Allah, Allah fulfills their oath.'”  

كَسَرَتِ الرُّبَيِّعُ عَمَّةُ أَنَسٍ ثَنِيَّةَ جَارِيَةٍ فَطَلَبُوا الْعَفْوَ فَأَبَوْا فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمُ الأَرْشَ فَأَبَوْا فَأَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِالْقِصَاصِ فَقَالَ أَنَسُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تُكْسَرُ ثَنِيَّةُ الرُّبَيِّعِ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لاَ تُكْسَرُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَا أَنَسُ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ الْقِصَاصُ قَالَ فَرَضِيَ الْقَوْمُ فَعَفَوْا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ مَنْ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لأَبَرَّهُ  

“Teeth are all the same; the incisor and the molar are the same.”  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ الأَسْنَانُ سَوَاءٌ الثَّنِيَّةُ وَالضِّرْسُ سَوَاءٌ  

the Prophet ﷺ ruled that (the compensatory money) for a tooth was five camels.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَضَى فِي السِّنِّ خَمْسًا مِنَ الإِبِلِ  

“This and this are the same” - meaning the pinky finger, ring finger and thumb.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ هَذِهِ وَهَذِهِ سَوَاءٌ يَعْنِي الْخِنْصَرَ وَالإِبْهَامَ  

“The fingers are all same, and (the compensatory money) for each of them is ten camels.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ الأَصَابِعُ سَوَاءٌ كُلُّهُنَّ فِيهِنَّ عَشْرٌ عَشْرٌ مِنَ الإِبِلِ  

“The fingers are the same.”  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الأَصَابِعُ سَوَاءٌ  

“For a wound that exposes a bone, is five; (the compensation) is five camels.”  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ فِي الْمَوَاضِحِ خَمْسٌ خَمْسٌ مِنَ الإِبِلِ  

“We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the military expedition of Tabuk, and with us was a friend of ours. He fought with another man while we were on the road. The man bit the hand on his opponent, who pulled away his hand and the man's tooth fell out. He came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ demanding compensatory money for his tooth, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Would anyone of you go and bite his brother like a stallion, then come demanding compensatory money? There is no compensatory for this.'” Hence, The Messenger of Allah ﷺ invalidated it (i.e compensatory in such case).  

عَنْ عَمَّيْهِ يَعْلَى وَسَلَمَةَ ابْنَىْ أُمَيَّةَ قَالاَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ وَمَعَنَا صَاحِبٌ لَنَا فَاقْتَتَلَ هُوَ وَرَجُلٌ آخَرُ وَنَحْنُ بِالطَّرِيقِ قَالَ فَعَضَّ الرَّجُلُ يَدَ صَاحِبِهِ فَجَذَبَ صَاحِبُهُ يَدَهُ مِنْ فِيهِ فَطَرَحَ ثَنِيَّتَهُ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَلْتَمِسُ عَقْلَ ثَنِيَّتِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَعْمِدُ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى أَخِيهِ فَيَعَضُّهُ كَعِضَاضِ الْفَحْلِ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي يَلْتَمِسُ الْعَقْلَ لاَ عَقْلَ لَهَا قَالَ فَأَبْطَلَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ  

man bit another man on his forearm; he pulled away his arm away and the man’s tooth fell out. The matter was referred to Prophet ﷺ who invalidated it and said: 'Would one of you bite (another) like a stallion?'”  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً عَضَّ رَجُلاً عَلَى ذِرَاعِهِ فَنَزَعَ يَدَهُ فَوَقَعَتْ ثَنِيَّتُهُ فَرُفِعَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَبْطَلَهَا وَقَالَ يَقْضَمُ أَحَدُكُمْ كَمَا يَقْضَمُ الْفَحْلُ  

“I said to 'Ali bin Abu Talib: 'Do you have any knowledge that the people do not have?' He said: 'No, by Allah, we only know what the people know, except that Allah may bless a man with understanding of Qur'an or what is in this sheet, in which are mentioned the rulings on blood money from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and it says that a Muslim should not be killed in retaliation for the murder of disbeliever.'”  

لاَ وَاللَّهِ مَا عِنْدَنَا إِلاَّ مَا عِنْدَ النَّاسِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَرْزُقَ اللَّهُ رَجُلاً فَهْمًا فِي الْقُرْآنِ أَوْ مَا فِي هَذِهِ الصَّحِيفَةِ فِيهَا الدِّيَاتُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنْ لاَ يُقْتَلَ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ  

“A Muslim should not be killed in retaliation for the murder of a disbeliever.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ يُقْتَلُ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ  

”A believer should not be killed in retaliation for the murder of a disbeliever, and a person who has a treaty should not be killed during the time of the treaty.”  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلاَ ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ  

“A father should not be killed for his son.”  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يُقْتَلُ بِالْوَلَدِ الْوَالِدُ  

“I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: 'A father should not be killed for his son.'”  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لاَ يُقْتَلُ الْوَالِدُ بِالْوَلَدِ  

“Whoever kills his slave, we will kill him, and whoever mutilates (his slave) we will mutilate him.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ قَتَلَ عَبْدَهُ قَتَلْنَاهُ وَمَنْ جَدَعَهُ جَدَعْنَاهُ  

“A man killed his slave deliberately and with malice aforethought, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave him one hundred lashes, banished him for one year, and cancelled his share from among the Muslims.”  

قَتَلَ رَجُلٌ عَبْدَهُ عَمْدًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَلَدَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِائَةً وَنَفَاهُ سَنَةً وَمَحَا سَهْمَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ