69. Chapter
٦٩۔ كِتَابُ الْوَلَاءِ
[Machine] In His saying, "And [also for] those who are settled [in Medina] and firmly rooted [in faith] from among the believers and [also for] those who followed them in [thechiyyah] [faith], Allah is pleased with them and they [i.e., the Muhajireen] are pleased with Him. He has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide forever. That is the great attainment." (Quran 9:100)
In explaining this verse, Ibn Abbas said, "When the Muhajireen (the migrants) arrived in Medina, they would inherit from the Ansar (the supporters of the Prophet Mohammed ﷺ ) without the descendants of the migrants claiming their right of inheritance, because of the brotherhood established amongst them by the Prophet ﷺ . Then this verse was revealed, 'And for all, We have made heirs to what is left by parents and relatives.' Then it was abrogated and this verse was revealed, 'And [also for] those who are settled [in Medina] and firmly rooted [in faith] from among the believers and [also for] those who followed them in [thechiyyah] [faith].' Meaning, they have a share of the spoils of war, the obligation of the source of the inheritance is waived because of the special relationship that was in effect."
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء 33] قَالَ كَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ يُوَرِّثُونَ الْأَنْصَارَ دُونَ ذَوِي رَحِمِهِ لِلْأُخُوَّةِ الَّتِي آخَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوْالِيَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ الْوَالِدَانِ وَالْأَقْرَبُونَ} [النساء 33] فَنُسِخَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء 33] مِنَ النَّصْرِ وَالنَّصِيحَةِ وَالرِّفَادَةِ وَيُوصِي لَهُمْ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الْمِيرَاثُ
[Machine] A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "Indeed, so-and-so accepted Islam at my hands." The Prophet ﷺ said, "He is your mawla (a term indicating a relationship closer than a friend but not necessarily a blood relative). So, when you die, leave this message for him, as there is confirmation of the statement of Ibn Abbas regarding the abrogation of the verse of inheritance by a will. However, he should be given good counsel and treated well." And Allah knows best.
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ فُلَانًا أَسْلَمَ عَلَى يَدِيَّ قَالَ هُوَ مَوْلَاكَ فَإِذَا مُتَّ فَأَوْصِ لَهُ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَفِيهِ تَأْكِيدٌ لِقَوْلِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي نَسْخِ آيَةِ الْمُعَاقَدَةِ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ وَلَكِنْ يُوصِي لَهُ وَيُحْسِنُ إِلَيْهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ