17. Prohibited Actions

١٧۔ كتاب الأمور المنهي عنها

17.29 Prohibition of Cruelty

١٧۔٢٩ باب النهي عن تعذيب العبد والدابة والمرأة والولد بغير سبب شرعي أو زائد على قدر الأدب

(1600) bukhari:2365Ismāʿīl > Mālik > Nāfiʿ > ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A woman was tortured and was put in Hell because of a cat which she had kept locked till it died of hunger." Messenger of Allah ﷺ further said, (Allah knows better) Allah said (to the woman), 'You neither fed it nor watered when you locked it up, nor did you set it free to eat the vermin of the earth.' "

(١٦٠٠) البخاري:٢٣٦٥حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ عُذِّبَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فِي هِرَّةٍ حَبَسَتْهَا حَتَّى مَاتَتْ جُوعًا فَدَخَلَتْ فِيهَا النَّارَ قَالَ فَقَالَ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ لاَ أَنْتِ أَطْعَمْتِهَا وَلاَ سَقَيْتِهَا حِينَ حَبَسْتِيهَا وَلاَ أَنْتِ أَرْسَلْتِيهَا فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْ خَشَاشِ الأَرْضِ

A woman entered Hellfire for malnourishing a cat and killing it

(1600) bukhari:3482ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad b. Asmāʾ > Juwayriyah b. Asmāʾ > Nāfiʿ > ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar

that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "A woman was punished because of a cat which she imprisoned until it died, so because of it she entered Hellfire. She neither fed it nor gave it water when she confined it, nor did she let it eat from the small creatures of the earth."

(١٦٠٠) البخاري:٣٤٨٢حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ حَدَّثَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ بْنُ أَسْمَاءَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «عُذِّبَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فِي هِرَّةٍ سَجَنَتْهَا حَتَّى مَاتَتْ، فَدَخَلَتْ فِيهَا النَّارَ؛ لاَ هِيَ أَطْعَمَتْهَا وَلاَ سَقَتْهَا إِذْ حَبَسَتْهَا، وَلاَ هِيَ تَرَكَتْهَا تَأْكُلُ مِنْ خَشَاشِ الأَرْضِ».

(1601) muslim:1958bZuhayr b. Ḥarb > Hushaym > Abū Bishr > Saʿīd b. Jubayr

Who has done this? Allah has cursed him who does this. Verily Messenger of Allah ﷺ invoked curse upon one who made a live thing the target (of one's marksmanship).

(١٦٠١) مسلم:١٩٥٨بوَحَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بِشْرٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ

مَرَّ ابْنُ عُمَرَ بِفِتْيَانٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ قَدْ نَصَبُوا طَيْرًا وَهُمْ يَرْمُونَهُ وَقَدْ جَعَلُوا لِصَاحِبِ الطَّيْرِ كُلَّ خَاطِئَةٍ مِنْ نَبْلِهِمْ فَلَمَّا رَأَوُا ابْنَ عُمَرَ تَفَرَّقُوا فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ مَنْ فَعَلَ هَذَا لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ فَعَلَ هَذَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَعَنَ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ شَيْئًا فِيهِ الرُّوحُ غَرَضًا

(1602) abudawud:2816Abū al-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī > Shuʿbah > Hishām b. Zayd

I entered upon al-Hakam b. Ayyub along with Anas. He saw some youths or boys who had set up a hen and shooting at it. Anas said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade to kill an animal in confinement.

(١٦٠٢) أبو داود:٢٨١٦حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ مَعَ أَنَسٍ عَلَى الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ فَرَأَى فِتْيَانًا أَوْ غِلْمَانًا قَدْ نَصَبُوا دَجَاجَةً يَرْمُونَهَا فَقَالَ

أَنَسٌ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ تُصْبَرَ الْبَهَائِمُ

(1602) muslim:1956aMuḥammad b. al-Muthanná > Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar > Shuʿbah > Hishām b. Zayd b. Anas b. Mālik

I visited the house of al-Hakam b. Ayyub along with my grandfather Anas b. Milik, (and there) some people had made a hen a target and were shooting arrows at her. Thereupon Asas said that Messenger of Allah ﷺ had forbidden tying of the animals (and making them the targets of arrows, etc.).

(١٦٠٢) مسلم:١٩٥٦أحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ هِشَامَ بْنَ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ مَعَ جَدِّي أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ دَارَ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ فَإِذَا قَوْمٌ قَدْ نَصَبُوا دَجَاجَةً يَرْمُونَهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ

أَنَسٌ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ تُصْبَرَ الْبَهَائِمُ

(1602) nasai:4439Ismāʿīl b. Masʿūd > Khālid > Shuʿbah > Hishām b. Zayd

'The Messenger of Allah forbade using animals as targets;'

(١٦٠٢) النسائي:٤٤٣٩أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ

دَخَلْتُ مَعَ أَنَسٍ عَلَى الْحَكَمِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَيُّوبَ فَإِذَا أُنَاسٌ يَرْمُونَ دَجَاجَةً فِي دَارِ الأَمِيرِ فَقَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ تُصْبَرَ الْبَهَائِمُ

(1603) muslim:1658bAbū Bakr b. Abū Shaybah And Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh b. Numayr Wa-al-Lafẓ Lʾabī Bakr > Ibn Idrīs > Ḥuṣayn > Hilāl b. Yasāf > ʿAjil Shaykh Falaṭam Khādim Lah

You could find no other part (to slap) but the prominent part of her face. See I was one of the seven sons of Muqarrin, and we had but only one slave-girl. The youngest of us slapped her, and Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to set her free. 2097

(١٦٠٣) مسلم:١٦٥٨بحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ عَنْ هِلاَلِ بْنِ يَسَافٍ قَالَ عَجِلَ شَيْخٌ فَلَطَمَ خَادِمًا لَهُ فَقَالَ

لَهُ سُوَيْدُ بْنُ مُقَرِّنٍ عَجَزَ عَلَيْكَ إِلاَّ حُرُّ وَجْهِهَا لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي سَابِعَ سَبْعَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي مُقَرِّنٍ مَا لَنَا خَادِمٌ إِلاَّ وَاحِدَةٌ لَطَمَهَا أَصْغَرُنَا فَأَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ نُعْتِقَهَا

(1604) muslim:1659aAbū Kāmil al-Jaḥdarī > ʿAbd al-Wāḥid / Ibn Ziyād > al-Aʿmash > Ibrāhīm al-Taymī from his father

I was beating my slave with a whip when I heard a voice behind me: Understand, Abu Masud; but I did not recognise the voice due to intense anger. He (Abu Mas'ud) reported: As he came near me (I found) that he was the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he was saying: Bear in mind, Abu Mas'ud; bear in mind. Abu Mas'ud. He (Aba Maslad) said: threw the whip from my hand. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Bear in mind, Abu Mas'ud; verily Allah has more dominance upon you than you have upon your slave. I (then) said: I would never beat my servant in future.

(١٦٠٤) مسلم:١٦٥٩أحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ زِيَادٍ حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ

أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ الْبَدْرِيُّ كُنْتُ أَضْرِبُ غُلاَمًا لِي بِالسَّوْطِ فَسَمِعْتُ صَوْتًا مِنْ خَلْفِي اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ فَلَمْ أَفْهَمِ الصَّوْتَ مِنَ الْغَضَبِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنِّي إِذَا هُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا هُوَ يَقُولُ اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ فَأَلْقَيْتُ السَّوْطَ مِنْ يَدِي فَقَالَ اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَقْدَرُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْكَ عَلَى هَذَا الْغُلاَمِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لاَ أَضْرِبُ مَمْلُوكًا بَعْدَهُ أَبَدًا

(1604) muslim:1659cAbū Kurayb Muḥammad b. al-ʿAlāʾ > Abū Muʿāwiyah > al-Aʿmash > Ibrāhīm al-Taymī from his father > Abū Masʿūd al-Anṣārī

When I was beating my servant, I heard a voice behind me (saying): Abu Mas'ud, bear in mind Allah has more dominance over you than you have upon him. I turned and (found him) to be Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I said: Messenger of Allah, I set him free for the sake of Allah. Thereupon he said: Had you not done that, (the gates of) Hell would have opened for you, or the fire would have burnt you.

(١٦٠٤) مسلم:١٦٥٩جوَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ كُنْتُ أَضْرِبُ غُلاَمًا لِي

فَسَمِعْتُ مِنْ خَلْفِي صَوْتًا اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ لَلَّهُ أَقْدَرُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْكَ عَلَيْهِ فَالْتَفَتُّ فَإِذَا هُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هُوَ حُرٌّ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ أَمَا لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ لَلَفَحَتْكَ النَّارُ أَوْ لَمَسَّتْكَ النَّارُ

Expiation for striking or slapping a slave

(1605) muslim:1657bMuḥammad b. al-Muthanná > Ibn Bashshār > Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar > Shuʿbah > Firās > Dhakwān > Zādhān

Ibn Umar called for a slave boy of his and saw a mark on his back. He said to him, "Did I hurt you?" He said, "No." He said, "Then you are free." Then he picked up something from the ground and said, "I do not have any reward for it weighing as much as this. I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "Whoever strikes a slave boy of his for an offense he did not commit, or slaps him, then his expiation is to set him free.""

(١٦٠٥) مسلم:١٦٥٧بوَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَابْنُ بَشَّارٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لاِبْنِ الْمُثَنَّى قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ فِرَاسٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ذَكْوَانَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ زَاذَانَ

أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ دَعَا بِغُلاَمٍ لَهُ، فَرَأَى بِظَهْرِهِ أَثَرًا، فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَوْجَعْتُكَ؟ قَالَ: لاَ. قَالَ: فَأَنْتَ عَتِيقٌ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَخَذَ شَيْئًا مِنَ الأَرْضِ فَقَالَ: مَا لِي فِيهِ مِنَ الأَجْرِ مَا يَزِنُ هَذَا، إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ ضَرَبَ غُلاَمًا لَهُ حَدًّا لَمْ يَأْتِهِ أَوْ لَطَمَهُ فَإِنَّ كَفَّارَتَهُ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ».

(1606) muslim:2613aAbū Bakr b. Abū Shaybah > Ḥafṣ b. Ghiyāth > Hishām b. ʿUrwah from his father > Hishām b. Ḥakīm b. Ḥizām

What is this? It was said: They are being punished for (not paying) the Kharaj (the government revenue). Thereupon he said: Allah would punish those who torment people in this world (without any genuine reason).

(١٦٠٦) مسلم:٢٦١٣أحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ قَالَ

مَرَّ بِالشَّامِ عَلَى أُنَاسٍ وَقَدْ أُقِيمُوا فِي الشَّمْسِ وَصُبَّ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمُ الزَّيْتُ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا قِيلَ يُعَذَّبُونَ فِي الْخَرَاجِ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُعَذِّبُ الَّذِينَ يُعَذِّبُونَ فِي الدُّنْيَا

Branding animals away from the face

(1607) muslim:2118Aḥmad b. ʿĪsá > Ibn Wahb > ʿAmrū b. al-Ḥārith > Yazīd b. Abī Ḥabīb > Nāʿim Abū ʿAbdullāh mawlá Umm Salamah > Ibn ʿAbbās

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw a donkey branded on the face, and he disapproved of that. He said: By Allah, I will not brand it except on the part farthest from the face. So he ordered that a donkey of his be brought, and it was branded on the two sides of its rump; thus he was the first to brand the two sides of the rump.

(١٦٠٧) مسلم:٢١١٨حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ أَنَّ نَاعِمًا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَوْلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ

وَرَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِمَارًا مَوْسُومَ الْوَجْهِ، فَأَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ. قَالَ: فَوَاللَّهِ لاَ أَسِمُهُ إِلاَّ فِي أَقْصَى شَىْءٍ مِنَ الْوَجْهِ، فَأَمَرَ بِحِمَارٍ لَهُ فَكُوِيَ فِي جَاعِرَتَيْهِ، فَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ كَوَى الْجَاعِرَتَيْنِ.

(1608) muslim:2117Salamah b. Shabīb > al-Ḥasan b. Aʿyan > Maʿqil > Abū al-Zubayr > Jābir

Allah has cursed one who has cauterised it (on the face).

(١٦٠٨) مسلم:٢١١٧وَحَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْقِلٌ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ حِمَارٌ قَدْ وُسِمَ فِي وَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الَّذِي وَسَمَهُ