17. Prohibited Actions

١٧۔ كتاب الأمور المنهي عنها

17.73 Prohibition of Calling a Muslim an Infidel

١٧۔٧٣ باب تحريم قوله لمسلم: يا كافر

You would risk becoming a disbeliever if you call another Muslim a kāfir (disbeliever)

(1732) bukhari:6104Ismāʿīl > Mālik > ʿAbdullāh b. Dīnār > ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If anyone says to his brother O kāfir (disbeliever)! Then surely, one of them such."  

(١٧٣٢) البخاري:٦١٠٤حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ قَالَ لأَخِيهِ: يَا كَافِرُ، فَقَدْ بَاءَ بِهَا أَحَدُهُمَا۔»  

Prohibitions: considering someone else one's father, claiming someone else's property, labeling a Muslim a kāfir (disbeliever) or an enemy of Allah

(1733) muslim:61Zuhayr b. Ḥarb > ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʿAbd al-Wārith from my father > Ḥusayn al-Muʿallim > Ibn Buraydah > Yaḥyá b. Yaʿmar > Abū al-Aswad > Abū Dhar

heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "No person who claimed someone else as his father other than ˹his own˺ knowingly has committed nothing but kufr (infidelity). He who made a claim of a thing that does not belong to him is not from us and he should prepare his abode in Hellfire."

"And he who labeled anyone with kufr (disbelief) or called him an enemy of Allah while he is not, then it gets ˹thrown˺ back on him."  

(١٧٣٣) مسلم:٦١وَحَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَارِثِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنٌ الْمُعَلِّمُ عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَعْمَرَ أَنَّ أَبَا الأَسْوَدِ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «لَيْسَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ ادَّعَى لِغَيْرِ أَبِيهِ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُهُ إِلاَّ كَفَرَ؛ وَمَنِ ادَّعَى مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا وَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ؛»

«وَمَنْ دَعَا رَجُلاً بِالْكُفْرِ أَوْ قَالَ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ وَلَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ إِلاَّ حَارَ عَلَيْهِ۔»