45. Enjoining Good Conduct and the Ties of Kinship
٤٥۔ كتاب البر والصلة والآداب
Messenger of Allah, the good would reach everyone but it would not reach these two. He said: Why so? I said: Because you have invoked curse and hurled malediction upon both of them. He said: Don't you know that I have made condition with my Lord saying thus: O Allah, I am a human being and that for a Muslim upon whom I invoke curse or hurl malediction make it a source of purity and reward.
دَخَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَجُلاَنِ فَكَلَّمَاهُ بِشَىْءٍ لاَ أَدْرِي مَا هُوَ فَأَغْضَبَاهُ فَلَعَنَهُمَا وَسَبَّهُمَا فَلَمَّا خَرَجَا قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَصَابَ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ شَيْئًا مَا أَصَابَهُ هَذَانِ قَالَ وَمَا ذَاكِ قَالَتْ قُلْتُ لَعَنْتَهُمَا وَسَبَبْتَهُمَا قَالَ أَوَمَا عَلِمْتِ مَا شَارَطْتُ عَلَيْهِ رَبِّي قُلْتُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ فَأَىُّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لَعَنْتُهُ أَوْ سَبَبْتُهُ فَاجْعَلْهُ لَهُ زَكَاةً وَأَجْرًا
" He had a private meeting with them and hurled malediction upon them and cursed them and sent them out."
عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ جَرِيرٍ وَقَالَ فِي حَدِيثِ عِيسَى فَخَلَوَا بِهِ فَسَبَّهُمَا وَلَعَنَهُمَا وَأَخْرَجَهُمَا
O Allah, I am a human being and for any person amongst Muslims upon whom I hurl malediction or invoke curse or give him whipping make it a source of purity and mercy.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ فَأَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ سَبَبْتُهُ أَوْ لَعَنْتُهُ أَوْ جَلَدْتُهُ فَاجْعَلْهَا لَهُ زَكَاةً وَرَحْمَةً
Jabir reported Allah's Apostle ﷺ a hadith like it but with a slight variation of wording.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ إِلاَّ أَنَّ فِيهِ زَكَاةً وَأَجْرًا
Make it a source of reward, and in the hadith transmitted on the authority of Abu Huraira (the words are):" Make it a source of mercy."
أَنَّ فِي حَدِيثِ عِيسَى جَعَلَ وَأَجْرًا فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَجَعَلَ وَرَحْمَةً فِي حَدِيثِ جَابِرٍ
O Allah, I make a covenant with Thee against which Thou wouldst never go. I am a human being and thus for a Muslim whom I give any harm or whom I scold or upon whom I invoke curse or whom I beat, make this a source of blessing, purification and nearness to Thee on the Day of Resurrection.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَتَّخِذُ عِنْدَكَ عَهْدًا لَنْ تُخْلِفَنِيهِ فَإِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ فَأَىُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ آذَيْتُهُ شَتَمْتُهُ لَعَنْتُهُ جَلَدْتُهُ فَاجْعَلْهَا لَهُ صَلاَةً وَزَكَاةً وَقُرْبَةً تُقَرِّبُهُ بِهَا إِلَيْكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Zinad with a slight variation of wording.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزِّنَادِ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَوْ جَلَدُّهُ قَالَ أَبُو الزِّنَادِ وَهِيَ لُغَةُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَإِنَّمَا هِيَ جَلَدْتُهُ
A hadith like this has been reported on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِنَحْوِهِ
I heard Abu Huraira as saying that he heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: O Allah, Muhammad is a human being. I lose my temper just as human beings lose temper, and I have held a covenant with Thee which Thou wouldst not break: For a believer whom I give any trouble or invoke curse or beat, make that an expiation (of his sins and a source of) his nearness to Thee on the Day of Resurrection.
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّمَا مُحَمَّدٌ بَشَرٌ يَغْضَبُ كَمَا يَغْضَبُ الْبَشَرُ وَإِنِّي قَدِ اتَّخَذْتُ عِنْدَكَ عَهْدًا لَنْ تُخْلِفَنِيهِ فَأَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ آذَيْتُهُ أَوْ سَبَبْتُهُ أَوْ جَلَدْتُهُ فَاجْعَلْهَا لَهُ كَفَّارَةً وَقُرْبَةً تُقَرِّبُهُ بِهَا إِلَيْكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
O Allah, for any believing servant whom I curse make that as a source of nearness to Thee on the Day of Resurrection.
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ فَأَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ مُؤْمِنٍ سَبَبْتُهُ فَاجْعَلْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ قُرْبَةً إِلَيْكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
I have held covenant with Thee which Thou wouldst not break, so for any believer whom I curse or beat, make that an expiation on the Day of Resurrection.
أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي اتَّخَذْتُ عِنْدَكَ عَهْدًا لَنْ تُخْلِفَنِيهِ فَأَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ سَبَبْتُهُ أَوْ جَلَدْتُهُ فَاجْعَلْ ذَلِكَ كَفَّارَةً لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
I am a human being and I have made this term with my Lord, the Exalted and Glorious: For any servant amongst Muslims whom I curse or scold, make that a source of purity and reward. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Juraij with the same chain of transmitters.
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَإِنِّي اشْتَرَطْتُ عَلَى رَبِّي ﷻ أَىُّ عَبْدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ سَبَبْتُهُ أَوْ شَتَمْتُهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ زَكَاةً وَأَجْرًا حَدَّثَنِيهِ ابْنُ أَبِي خَلَفٍ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ ح وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ جَمِيعًا عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ
O, it is you; you have grown young. May you not advance in years! That slave-girl returned to Umm Sulaim weeping. Umm Sulaim said: O daughter, what is the matter with you? She said: Allah's Apostle ﷺ has invoked curse upon me that I should not grow in age and thus I would never grow in age, or she said, in my (length) of life. Umm Sulaim went out wrapping her head-dress hurriedly until she met Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said to her: Umm Sulaim, what is the matter with you? She said: Allah's Apostle, you invoked curse upon my orphan girl. He said: Umm Sulaim, what is that? She said: She (the orphan girl) states you have cursed her saying that she might not grow in age or grow in life. Messenger of Allah ﷺ smiled and then said: Umm Sulaim, don't you know that I have made this term with my Lord. And the term with my Lord is that I said to Him: 1 am a human being and I am pleased just as a human being is pleased and I lose temper just as a human being loses temper, so for any person from amongst my Ummah whom I curse and he in no way deserves it, let that, O Lord, be made a source of purification and purity and nearness to (Allah) on the Day of Resurrection.
كَانَتْ عِنْدَ أُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ يَتِيمَةٌ وَهِيَ أُمُّ أَنَسٍ فَرَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْيَتِيمَةَ فَقَالَ آنْتِ هِيَهْ لَقَدْ كَبِرْتِ لاَ كَبِرَ سِنُّكِ فَرَجَعَتِ الْيَتِيمَةُ إِلَى أُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ تَبْكِي فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ مَا لَكِ يَا بُنَيَّةُ قَالَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ دَعَا عَلَىَّ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ لاَ يَكْبَرَ سِنِّي فَالآنَ لاَ يَكْبَرُ سِنِّي أَبَدًا أَوْ قَالَتْ قَرْنِي فَخَرَجَتْ أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ مُسْتَعْجِلَةً تَلُوثُ خِمَارَهَا حَتَّى لَقِيَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا لَكِ يَا أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ فَقَالَتْ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ أَدَعَوْتَ عَلَى يَتِيمَتِي قَالَ وَمَا ذَاكِ يَا أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ قَالَتْ زَعَمَتْ أَنَّكَ دَعَوْتَ أَنْ لاَ يَكْبَرَ سِنُّهَا وَلاَ يَكْبَرَ قَرْنُهَا قَالَ فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ أَمَا تَعْلَمِينَ أَنَّ شَرْطِي عَلَى رَبِّي أَنِّي اشْتَرَطْتُ عَلَى رَبِّي فَقُلْتُ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ أَرْضَى كَمَا يَرْضَى الْبَشَرُ وَأَغْضَبُ كَمَا يَغْضَبُ الْبَشَرُ فَأَيُّمَا أَحَدٍ دَعَوْتُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أُمَّتِي بِدَعْوَةٍ لَيْسَ لَهَا بِأَهْلٍ أَنْ تَجْعَلَهَا لَهُ طَهُورًا وَزَكَاةً وَقُرْبَةً يُقَرِّبُهُ بِهَا مِنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَقَالَ أَبُو مَعْنٍ يُتَيِّمَةٌ بِالتَّصْغِيرِ فِي الْمَوَاضِعِ الثَّلاَثَةِ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ
I was playing with children that Messenger of Allah ﷺ happened to pass by (us). I hid myself behind the door. He (the Prophet) came and patted my shoulders and said: Go and call Mu'awiya. I returned and said: He is busy in taking food. He again asked me to go and call Mu'awiya to him. I went (and came back) and said that he was busy in taking food, whereupon he said: May Allah not fill his belly! Ibn Muthanna, said: I asked Umm Umayya what he meant by the word Hatani. He said: It means "he patted my shoulders."
كُنْتُ أَلْعَبُ مَعَ الصِّبْيَانِ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتَوَارَيْتُ خَلْفَ بَابٍ قَالَ فَجَاءَ فَحَطَأَنِي حَطْأَةً وَقَالَ اذْهَبْ وَادْعُ لِي مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ فَجِئْتُ فَقُلْتُ هُوَ يَأْكُلُ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِيَ اذْهَبْ وَادْعُ لِي مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ فَجِئْتُ فَقُلْتُ هُوَ يَأْكُلُ فَقَالَ لاَ أَشْبَعَ اللَّهُ بَطْنَهُ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى قُلْتُ لأُمَيَّةَ مَا حَطَأَنِي قَالَ قَفَدَنِي قَفْدَةً
This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Ibn Abbas with a slight variation of wording.
سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ كُنْتُ أَلْعَبُ مَعَ الصِّبْيَانِ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاخْتَبَأْتُ مِنْهُ فَذَكَرَ بِمِثْلِهِ