11. Book of Zakāh
١١۔ كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ
ذِكْرُ تَفْصِيلِ الصَّدَقَةِ الَّتِي تَجِبُ فِي ذَوَاتِ الْأَرْبَعِ
These are the types of charity (zakah) that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made obligatory upon the Muslims and which Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, enjoined upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Whoever among the Muslims is asked to pay it in the proper manner, let him give it; whoever is asked for more than that, let him not give it. For less than twenty-five camels, for each five, one sheep (should be given). If the number reaches twenty-five, then one she-camel in its second year (should be given), up to thirty-five. If there is no she-camel in its second year, then a he-camel in its third year (may be given). If the number reaches thirty-six, then a she-camel in its third year (should be given), up to forty-five. If the number reaches forty-six, then a she-camel in its fourth year that has been bred to a stallion camel should be given, up to sixty, If the number reaches sixty-one, then a she-camel in its fifth year (should be given), up to seventy five. If the number reaches seventy-six, then two she-camels in their second year (should be given), up to ninety. If the number reaches ninety-one, then two she camels in their fourth year that have been bred to a stallion camel should be given, up to one hundred and twenty. If the number is more than one hundred and twenty, then for every forty camels, a she-camel limits third year should be given and for every fifty a she-camel in its fourth year. If the ages of the camels for zakah differ, if what is due is a she-camel in its fifth year but he does not own such a camel, but he has a she-camel in its fourth year, then that will be accepted from him and he should add to it two sheep, if available, or twenty dirhams. If what is due from him is a she-camel in its fourth year and he only has a she camel in its fifth year, it should be accepted from him and the zakat collector should give him back twenty dirhams or two sheep. If what is due from him is a shecamel in its fourth year, but he does not have such a cameland he has a she-camel in its third year, then it should be accepted from him and he should add to it two sheep, is available, or twenty dirhams. If what is due from him is a she camel in its second year, but he only has a he-camel in its third year, then it should be accepted from him and nothing should be added to it. If he has only four camels, no zakah is due unless the owner wants to give it. With regard to zakah on sheep in the pasture, if there are forty sheep, then one sheep is due as zakah, up to one hundred and twenty sheep. of there is one more than that, then two sheep are due, up to two hundred. If there is one more than that then three sheep are due, up to three hundred. If there is one more than that, then for every hundred sheep, one sheep is due No toothless or defective sheep should be taken as zakah and neither should a ram, unless the one who is giving allows that. Separate flocks should not be put together and flocks should not be divided so as to avoid or reduce zakah. If there are two partners [and the zakah-collector comes and takes zakah), they should settle the matter between them on a fair basis. If a man's flock is grazing if it is one less than forty, then no zakah is due on it unless the owner wants to give it. On silver the zakah is one quarter of one tenth; if the wealth is only one hundred and ninety dirhams, then no zakah is due on it unless the owner wants to give it. (Using translation from Aḥmad 72)
أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ لَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ كَتَبَ لَهُ حِينَ وَجَّهَهُ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ هَذَا الْكِتَابَ «بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذِهِ فَرِيضَةُ الصَّدَقَةِ الَّتِي فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهَا رَسُولَهُ فَمَنْ سُئِلَهَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى وَجْهِهَا فَلْيُعْطِهَا وَمَنْ سُئِلَ فَوْقَهَا فَلَا يُعْطِهَا فِي أَرْبَعَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَمَا دُونَهَا الْغَنَمُ فِي كُلِّ خَمْسٍ شَاةٌ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ فَفِيهَا ابْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِنْتُ مَخَاضٍ فَابْنُ لَبُونٍ ذَكَرٌ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتًّا وَثَلَاثِينَ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ فَفِيهَا ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتًّا وَأَرْبَعِينَ إِلَى سِتِّينَ فَفِيهَا حِقَّةٌ طَرُوقَةُ الْجَمَلِ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ وَاحِدَةً وَسِتِّينَ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فَفِيهَا جَذَعَةٌ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتًّا وَسَبْعِينَ إِلَى تِسْعِينَ فَفِيهَا ابْنَتَا لَبُونٍ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ إِحْدَى وَتِسْعِينَ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ طَرُوقَتَا الْجَمَلِ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِئَةٍ فَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ وَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ وَإِنَّ مَنْ بَلَغَتْ عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ صَدَقَةُ الْجَذَعَةِ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ جَذَعَةٌ وَعِنْدَهُ حِقَّةٌ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ الْحِقَّةُ وَيَجْعَلُ مَعَهَا شَاتَيْنِ أَوْ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ عِنْدَهُ صَدَقَةُ الْحِقَّةِ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ حِقَّةٌ وَعِنْدَهُ جَذَعَةٌ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ الْجَذَعَةُ وَيُعْطِيهِ الْمُصَّدِّقُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا أَوْ شَاتَيْنِ وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ صَدَقَتُهُ الْحِقَّةُ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ وَيُعْطِي شَاتَيْنِ أَوْ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ صَدَقَتُهُ ابْنَةَ لَبُونٍ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا حِقَّةٌ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ الْحِقَّةُ وَيُعْطِيهِ الْمُصَّدِّقُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا أَوْ شَاتَيْنِ وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ صَدَقَتُهُ ابْنَةَ لَبُونٍ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ ابْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ وَيُعْطِي مَعَهَا عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا أَوْ شَاتَيْنِ وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ صَدَقَتُهُ ابْنَةَ مَخَاضٍ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ وَعِنْدَهُ ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ وَيُعْطِيهِ الْمُصَّدِّقُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا أَوْ شَاتَيْنِ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ ابْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ وَعِنْدَهُ ابْنُ لَبُونٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُ شَيْءٌ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا صَدَقَةٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ رَبُّهَا فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْسًا مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَفِيهَا شَاةٌ وَصَدَقَةُ الْغَنَمِ فِي كُلِّ سَائِمَتِهَا إِذَا كَانَتْ أَرْبَعِينَ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ شَاةٌ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِئَةٍ إِلَى أَنْ تَبْلُغَ مِائَتَيْنِ فَفِيهَا شَاتَانِ فَإِنْ زَادَتْ عَلَى الْمِئَتَيْنِ إِلَى ثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ شِيَاهٍ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى ثَلَاثِ مِئَةٍ فَفِي كُلِّ مِئَةٍ شَاةٌ وَلَا يَخْرُجُ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ هَرِمَةٌ وَلَا ذَاتُ عَوَارٍ وَلَا تَيْسٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ الْمُصَّدِّقُ وَلَا يُجْمَعُ بَيْنَ مُتَفَرِّقٍ وَلَا يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَ مُجْتَمِعٍ خَشْيَةَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ خَلِيطَيْنِ فَإِنَّهُمَا يَتَرَاجَعَانِ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالسَّوِيَّةِ وَإِذَا كَانَتْ سَائِمَةُ الرَّجُلِ نَاقِصَةً مِنْ أَرْبَعِينَ شَاةً شَاةً وَاحِدَةً فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا صَدَقَةٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ رَبُّهَا وَفِي الرِّقَةِ رُبْعُ الْعُشْرِ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مَالٌ إِلَّا تِسْعِينَ وَمِئَةً فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا صَدَقَةٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ رَبُّهَا»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يَجْلِبَ الْمُصَّدِّقُ مَاشِيَةَ أَهْلِهَا عَنْ مِيَاهِهِمْ إِلَى الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي يُرِيدُ عِنْدَهُ أَخَذَ الصَّدَقَةِ فِيهَا مِنْهُمْ
"There is no 'bringing', no 'avoidance' and no Shighar in Islam, and whoever robs, he is not one of us." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3335)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا جَلَبَ وَلَا جَنَبَ وَلَا شِغَارَ وَمَنِ انْتَهَبَ نُهْبَةً فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا»
ذِكْرُ الْأَخْبَارِ الْمُفَسِّرَةِ لِقَوْلِهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا {خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِمْ بِهَا}
That the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ as saying No sadaqah(zakat) is payable on less than five camels, on less than five ounces of silver and on less than five camel loads(wasq). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1558)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَلَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ أَوَاقٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَلَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ صَدَقَةٌ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ فَوْقَ السِّنِّ الْوَاجِبِ إِذَا طَابَتْ أَنْفُسُ أَرْبَابِهَا بِهَا
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent me on a charity mission to a poor and distressed man. I passed by a man from that town who had thirty camels and said to him, "Indeed, you have a share in this charity. There is a woman who just gave birth and is in need, and I dislike borrowing money from Allah with my own ill-gotten wealth. So you choose whether to give it or not." The man replied, "I would not take more than what is upon me, and this is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . I will go to him." He went to the Prophet ﷺ , who reiterated what he had said to the man's father. The Prophet ﷺ said, "This is what is upon you, but if you bring more than that, we will accept it from you." The man asked, "O Messenger of Allah, this is a great, well-fed and fat she-camel. Who will take care of it?" The Prophet ﷺ appointed someone to take care of it and prayed for him to be blessed in his wealth. Umamah ibn Zayd said, "Time has hit me fiercely, Marwan pursued me to give charity to help the poor and distressed during the time of Muawiya. I passed by this man and gave his belongings thirty camels, one thousand five hundred riding camels." Ibn Ishaq mentioned, "I asked Abdullah ibn Abu Bakr, 'What happened to the she-camel?' He replied, 'According to the custom, when a person's charity reaches thirty shares, the she-camel is taken along with it.'"
بَعَثَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَى صَدَقَةِ بَلِيَّ وَعُذْرَةَ فَمَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَلِيَّ لَهُ ثَلَاثُونَ بَعِيرًا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ عَلَيْكَ فِي إِبِلِكَ هَذِهِ بِنْتَ مَخَاضٍ قَالَ ذَاكَ مَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ ظَهْرٌ وَلَا لَبَنٌ وَإِنِّي لَأَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ شَرَّ مَالِي فَتَخَيَّرْهُ فَقَالُ لَهُ أُبَيُّ مَا كُنْتُ لِآخُذَ فَوْقَ مَا عَلَيْكَ وَهَذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأْتِهِ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ نَحْوًا مِمَّا قَالَ لِأَبِيٍّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «هَذَا مَا عَلَيْكَ فَإِنْ جِئْتَ بِفَوْقِهِ قَبِلْنَاهُ مِنْكَ» قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذِهِ نَاقَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ سَمِينَةٌ فَمَنْ يَقْبِضُهَا؟ فَأَمَرَ ﷺ مَنْ يَقْبِضُهَا وَدَعَا لَهُ فِي مَالِهِ بِالْبَرَكَةِ قَالَ عُمَارَةُ فَضَرَبَ الدَّهْرُ ضَرْبَةً فَوَلَّانِي مَرْوَانُ صَدَقَةَ بَلِيَّ وَعُذْرَةَ فِي زَمَنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَمَرَرْتُ بِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ فَصَدَقْتُ مَالَهُ ثَلَاثِينَ حِقَّةً فِيهَا فَحْلُهَا عَلَى أَلْفٍ وَخَمْسِ مِائَةِ بَعِيرٍ قَالَ ابْنَ إِسْحَاقَ قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مَا فَحْلُهَا؟ قَالَ فِي السُّنَّةِ إِذَا بَلَغَ صَدَقَةُ الرَّجُلِ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً أُخِذَ مَعَهَا فَحْلُهَا
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمَرْءُ مُصَّدِّقًا لِلْأُمَرَاءِ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent Saad bin Ubada as a witness and said, "Beware, Saad, lest you come on the Day of Judgment with a camel that has a blotch." Saad replied, "I couldn't find one and I will not bring it." So, the Prophet forgave him.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعَثَ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ مُصَّدِّقًا وَقَالَ «إِيَّاكَ يَا سَعْدُ أَنْ تَجِيءَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِبَعِيرٍ لَهُ رُغَاءٌ» فَقَالَ لَا أَجِدُهُ وَلَا أَجِيءُ بِهِ فَأَعْفَاهُ
ذِكْرُ نَفْيِ إِيجَابِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ فِي رَقِيقِهِ وَدَوَابِّهِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying No sadaqah is due from a Muslim on his slave or his horse. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1595)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ فِي فَرَسِهِ وَلَا عَبْدِهِ صَدَقَةٌ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ «وَلَا عَبْدِهِ صَدَقَةٌ» لَمْ يُرِدْ بِهِ كُلَّ الصَّدَقَاتِ
[Machine] The following is the English translation of the given Arabic sentence: "The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, 'There is no charity for a person in regard to his horse or slave except for the Zakat al-Fitr.'"
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا صَدَقَةَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ فِي فَرَسِهِ وَعَبْدِهِ إِلَّا زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْإِمَامِ ضَمَانَهُ عَنْ بَعْضِ رَعِيَّتِهِ صَدَقَةَ مَالِهِ
The Prophet ﷺ sent Umar b. al-Khattab to collect sadaqa (All the people paid the zakat but ibn-jamil, Khalid b. al-walid and al-abbas refused. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said : Ibn-jamil is not (so much) objecting, but he was poor and Allah enriched him. As for Khalid b. Walid, you are wronging him, for he has kept back his courts of mail and weapons to use them in Allah’s path. As for al-Abbas, the uncle of the Messenger of Allah(May peace be upon him), I shall be responsible for it and an equal amount along with it. Then he said did you not know(Umar) that a man’s paternal uncle is of the same stock as the father or his father? (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1623)
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَمَنَعَ ابْنُ جَمِيلٍ وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَالْعَبَّاسُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا يَنْقِمُ ابْنُ جَمِيلٍ إِلَّا أَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَأَغْنَاهُ اللَّهُ وَأَمَّا خَالِدٌ فَإِنَّكُمْ تَظْلِمُونَ خَالِدًا لَقَدِ احْتَبَسَ أَدْرَاعَهُ وَأَعْتَادَهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَأَمَّا الْعَبَّاسُ فَعَمُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَهُوَ عَلَيَّ وَمِثْلُهَا» ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَمَا شَعَرْتَ أَنَّ عَمَّ الرَّجُلِ صِنْوُ الرَّجُلِ أَوْ صِنْوُ أَبِيهِ»
ذِكْرُ مَا يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ لِلْمُخْرِجِ صَدَقَةِ مَالِهِ بِالْخَيْرِ
“Whenever a man brought Sadaqah to the Messenger of Allah, he would bless him. I brought him the Sadaqah of my wealth and he said: 'Allhumma, salli ala ali abi awfa(O Allah! Send blessing upon the family of Abu Awfa).' ” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1796)
سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ أَبِي أَوْفَى يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ بِصَدَقَةِ مَالِهِ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ فَأَتَيْتُ بِصَدَقَةِ مَالِي فَقَالَ ﷺ «اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى آلِ أَبِي أَوْفَى»