8. Ṣalāh (Ritual Prayer)

٨۔ كتاب الصلاة

8.48 Is it permissible to dig the graves of pagans of the period of Ignorance, and to use that place as a mosque?

٨۔٤٨ بَابُ هَلْ تُنْبَشُ قُبُورُ مُشْرِكِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَيُتَّخَذُ مَكَانَهَا مَسَاجِدَ

[Machine] Translation: The Prophet ﷺ said, "May Allah curse the Jews; they took the graves of their prophets as places of worship." And there is no objection to praying near graves. Umar saw Anas ibn Malik praying near a grave and said, "The grave, the grave." But he did not command him to repeat the prayer.

لِقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ: «لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ، اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ». وَمَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ فِي الْقُبُورِ. وَرَأَى عُمَرُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يُصَلِّي عِنْدَ قَبْرٍ فَقَالَ الْقَبْرَ الْقَبْرَ. وَلَمْ يَأْمُرْهُ بِالإِعَادَةِ.

bukhari:427Muḥammad b. al-Muthanná > Yaḥyá > Hishām from my father > ʿĀʾishah

Um Habiba and Um Salama mentioned about a church they had seen in Ethiopia in which there were pictures. They told the Prophet ﷺ about it, on which he said, "If any religious man dies amongst those people they would build a place of worship at his grave and make these pictures in it. They will be the worst creature in the sight of Allah on the Day of Resurrection."

البخاري:٤٢٧حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى عَنْ هِشَامٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي عَنْ عَائِشَةَ

أَنَّ أُمَّ حَبِيبَةَ وَأُمَّ سَلَمَةَ ذَكَرَتَا كَنِيسَةً رَأَيْنَهَا بِالْحَبَشَةِ فِيهَا تَصَاوِيرُ فَذَكَرَتَا لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أُولَئِكَ إِذَا كَانَ فِيهِمُ الرَّجُلُ الصَّالِحُ فَمَاتَ بَنَوْا عَلَى قَبْرِهِ مَسْجِدًا وَصَوَّرُوا فِيهِ تِلْكَ الصُّوَرَ فَأُولَئِكَ شِرَارُ الْخَلْقِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ

The building of the Prophet’s Mosque

bukhari:428Musaddad > ʿAbd al-Wārith > Abū al-Tayyāḥ > Anas

[AI] The Prophet ﷺ came to Medina and stayed in the upper part of Medina, in a neighborhood called Banu Amr ibn Awf. The Prophet ﷺ remained among them for fourteen nights, then he sent for Banu al-Najjar, and they came with their swords strapped on. It is as if I can see the Prophet ﷺ on his mount, with Abu Bakr riding behind him and the notables of Banu al-Najjar around him, until he dismounted in the courtyard of Abu Ayyub. He liked to pray wherever the prayer overtook him, and he would pray in the sheepfolds.

He then ordered that the mosque be built, so he sent for a group of the notables of Banu al-Najjar and said: "O Banu al-Najjar, name me a price for this walled garden of yours." They said: No, by Allah, we seek its price only from Allah. Anas said: It contained what I am telling you: graves of the polytheists, ruins, and palm trees. So the Prophet ﷺ ordered that the graves of the polytheists be dug up, then that the ruins be leveled, and that the palm trees be cut down. They arranged the palm trunks toward the qiblah of the mosque and made its two side-posts of stone. They began carrying the rocks while chanting rajaz verses, and the Prophet ﷺ was with them, saying: "O Allah, there is no good except the good of the Hereafter, so forgive the Ansar and the Muhajirah."

البخاري:٤٢٨حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ عَنْ أَبِي التَّيَّاحِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ

قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ، فَنَزَلَ أَعْلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فِي حَىٍّ يُقَالُ لَهُمْ بَنُو عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ، فَأَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِيهِمْ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى بَنِي النَّجَّارِ، فَجَاءُوا مُتَقَلِّدِي السُّيُوفِ، كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ رِدْفُهُ، وَمَلأُ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ حَوْلَهُ، حَتَّى أَلْقَى بِفِنَاءِ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ. وَكَانَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ حَيْثُ أَدْرَكَتْهُ الصَّلاَةُ، وَيُصَلِّي فِي مَرَابِضِ الْغَنَمِ.

وَأَنَّهُ أَمَرَ بِبِنَاءِ الْمَسْجِدِ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى مَلإٍ مِنْ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ، فَقَالَ: «يَا بَنِي النَّجَّارِ، ثَامِنُونِي بِحَائِطِكُمْ هَذَا». قَالُوا: لاَ وَاللَّهِ، لاَ نَطْلُبُ ثَمَنَهُ إِلاَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ. فَقَالَ أَنَسٌ: فَكَانَ فِيهِ مَا أَقُولُ لَكُمْ: قُبُورُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَفِيهِ خَرِبٌ، وَفِيهِ نَخْلٌ. فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِقُبُورِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَنُبِشَتْ، ثُمَّ بِالْخَرِبِ فَسُوِّيَتْ، وَبِالنَّخْلِ فَقُطِعَ، فَصَفُّوا النَّخْلَ قِبْلَةَ الْمَسْجِدِ، وَجَعَلُوا عِضَادَتَيْهِ الْحِجَارَةَ، وَجَعَلُوا يَنْقُلُونَ الصَّخْرَ وَهُمْ يَرْتَجِزُونَ، وَالنَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَعَهُمْ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ لاَ خَيْرَ إِلاَّ خَيْرُ الآخِرَهْ، فَاغْفِرْ لِلأَنْصَارِ وَالْمُهَاجِرَهْ».