The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: A neighbor has the best claim to the house or land of the neighbor.  

سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِسَقَبِهِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: A neighbour has the best claim to the house or land of the neighbour.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ جَارُ الدَّارِ أَحَقُّ بِدَارِ الْجَارِ أَوِ الأَرْضِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: The neighbour is most entitled to the right of pre-emption, and he should wait for its exercise even if he is absent, when the two properties have one road.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ يُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: If anyone becomes insolvent and the man (i.e. creditor) finds his very property with him, he is more entitled to it than anyone else.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أَفْلَسَ فَأَدْرَكَ الرَّجُلُ مَتَاعَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If a man sells (his) property and the man who buys it becomes insolvent, and the seller does not receive the price of the property he had sold, but finds his very property with him (i.e. the buyer), he is more entitled to it (than others). If the buyer dies, then the owner of the property is equal to the creditors.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ بَاعَ مَتَاعًا فَأَفْلَسَ الَّذِي ابْتَاعَهُ وَلَمْ يَقْبِضِ الَّذِي بَاعَهُ مِنْ ثَمَنِهِ شَيْئًا فَوَجَدَ مَتَاعَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ وَإِنْ مَاتَ الْمُشْتَرِي فَصَاحِبُ الْمَتَاعِ أُسْوَةُ الْغُرَمَاءِ  

"If he paid something from the price (of the property), then he will be equal to the creditors in it."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَى حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ زَادَ وَإِنْ قَضَى مِنْ ثَمَنِهَا شَيْئًا فَهُوَ أُسْوَةُ الْغُرَمَاءِ فِيهَا  

If he paid something from its price, then he will be equal to the creditors in the remaining price. If a man dies and he has the very property of a man (i.e. seller), he is equal to the creditors whether he (the buyer) pays him (the price) or not. Abu Dawud said: Malik's version of this tradition is sounder.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَحْوَهُ قَالَ فَإِنْ كَانَ قَضَاهُ مِنْ ثَمَنِهَا شَيْئًا فَمَا بَقِيَ فَهُوَ أُسْوَةُ الْغُرَمَاءِ وَأَيُّمَا امْرِئٍ هَلَكَ وَعِنْدَهُ مَتَاعُ امْرِئٍ بِعَيْنِهِ اقْتَضَى مِنْهُ شَيْئًا أَوْ لَمْ يَقْتَضِ فَهُوَ أُسْوَةُ الْغُرَمَاءِ  

We came to AbuHurayrah who had become insolvent. He said: I shall decide between you on the basis of the decision of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: If anyone becomes insolvent or dies and the man (the seller) finds his very property with him, he is more entitled to it (than others).  

أَتَيْنَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ فِي صَاحِبٍ لَنَا أَفْلَسَ فَقَالَ لأَقْضِيَنَّ فِيكُمْ بِقَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَفْلَسَ أَوْ مَاتَ فَوَجَدَ رَجُلٌ مَتَاعَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone finds an animal whose owners were helpless to provide fodder to it and so they turned it out (of their house), and he took it and looked after it, it will belong to him. Abu Dawud said: This is the tradition of Hammad. It is more plain and perfect.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ وَجَدَ دَابَّةً قَدْ عَجَزَ عَنْهَا أَهْلُهَا أَنْ يَعْلِفُوهَا فَسَيَّبُوهَا فَأَخَذَهَا فَأَحْيَاهَا فَهِيَ لَهُ قَالَ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبَانَ قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ فَقُلْتُ عَمَّنْ قَالَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone leaves an animal at a place of perishing and another man brings it to life, it belongs to him who brings it to life.  

عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ يَرْفَعُ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ تَرَكَ دَابَّةً بِمُهْلِكٍ فَأَحْيَاهَا رَجُلٌ فَهِيَ لِمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا  

The Prophet ﷺ as saying: The milk of milch camels may be drunk for payment when in pledge, and the animal may be ridden for payment when it is pledge; payment being made by the one who rides and the one who drinks. Abu Dawud said: In our opinion this is correct.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَبَنُ الدَّرِّ يُحْلَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَالظَّهْرُ يُرْكَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَعَلَى الَّذِي يَرْكَبُ وَيَحْلِبُ النَّفَقَةُ  

reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying: There are people from the servants of Allah who are neither prophets nor martyrs; the prophets and martyrs will envy them on the Day of Resurrection for their rank from Allah, the Most High. They (the people) asked: Tell us, Messenger of Allah, who are they? He replied: They are people who love one another for the spirit of Allah (i.e. the Qur'an), without having any mutual kinship and giving property to one. I swear by Allah, their faces will glow and they will be (sitting) in (pulpits of) light. They will have no fear (on the Day) when the people will have fear, and they will not grieve when the people will grieve. He then recited the following Qur'anic verse: "Behold! Verily for the friends of Allah there is no fear, nor shall they grieve."  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ لأُنَاسًا مَا هُمْ بِأَنْبِيَاءَ وَلاَ شُهَدَاءَ يَغْبِطُهُمُ الأَنْبِيَاءُ وَالشُّهَدَاءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِمَكَانِهِمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تُخْبِرُنَا مَنْ هُمْ قَالَ هُمْ قَوْمٌ تَحَابُّوا بِرُوحِ اللَّهِ عَلَى غَيْرِ أَرْحَامٍ بَيْنَهُمْ وَلاَ أَمْوَالٍ يَتَعَاطَوْنَهَا فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّ وُجُوهَهُمْ لَنُورٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ عَلَى نُورٍ لاَ يَخَافُونَ إِذَا خَافَ النَّاسُ وَلاَ يَحْزَنُونَ إِذَا حَزِنَ النَّاسُ وَقَرَأَ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ { أَلاَ إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ لاَ خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلاَ هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ }  

The aunt of Umarah ibn Umayr asked Aisha: I have an orphan in my guardianship. May I enjoy from his property? She said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The pleasantest things a man enjoys come from what he earns, and his child comes from what he earns.  

أَنَّهَا سَأَلَتْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ فِي حِجْرِي يَتِيمٌ أَفَآكُلُ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَقَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ مِنْ أَطْيَبِ مَا أَكَلَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ كَسْبِهِ وَوَلَدُهُ مِنْ كَسْبِهِ  

The Prophet ﷺ Said: The children of a man come from what he earns, rather they are his pleasantest earning; so enjoy from their property. Abu Dawud said: Hammad b. Abi Sulaiman added in his version: "When you need." But this (addition) is munkar (not authoritative).  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَلَدُ الرَّجُلِ مِنْ كَسْبِهِ مِنْ أَطْيَبِ كَسْبِهِ فَكُلُوا مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ  

A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: Messenger of Allah, I have property and children, and my father finishes my property. He replied; You and your property belong to your father; your children come from the pleasantest of what you earn; so enjoy from the earning of your children.  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِي مَالاً وَوَلَدًا وَإِنَّ وَالِدِي يَجْتَاحُ مَالِي قَالَ أَنْتَ وَمَالُكَ لِوَالِدِكَ إِنَّ أَوْلاَدَكُمْ مِنْ أَطْيَبِ كَسْبِكُمْ فَكُلُوا مِنْ كَسْبِ أَوْلاَدِكُمْ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone finds his very property with a man, he is more entitled to it (than anyone else), and the buyer should pursue the one who sold it.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ وَجَدَ عَيْنَ مَالِهِ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ وَيَتَّبِعُ الْبَيِّعُ مَنْ بَاعَهُ  

Hind, the mother of Mu'awiyah, came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: 'Abu Sufyan is a stingy person. He does not give me as much (money) as suffices me and my children. Is there any harm to me if I take something from his property ? He said: Take as much as suffices you and your children according to the custom.  

أَنَّ هِنْدًا أُمَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ جَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ شَحِيحٌ وَإِنَّهُ لاَ يُعْطِينِي مَا يَكْفِينِي وَبَنِيَّ فَهَلْ عَلَىَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ آخُذَ مِنْ مَالِهِ شَيْئًا قَالَ خُذِي مَا يَكْفِيكِ وَبَنِيكِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ  

Hind came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: Messenger of Allah, Abu Sufyan is a stingy person. Is there any harm to me if I spend on his dependants from his property without his permission ? The Prophet ﷺ replied: There is no harm to you if you spend according to the custom.  

جَاءَتْ هِنْدٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ مُمْسِكٌ فَهَلْ عَلَىَّ مِنْ حَرَجٍ أَنْ أُنْفِقَ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ مِنْ مَالِهِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لاَ حَرَجَ عَلَيْكِ أَنْ تُنْفِقِي عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ  

I used to write (the account of) the expenditure incurred on orphans who were under the guardianship of so-and-so. They cheated him by one thousand dirhams and he paid these (this amount) to them. I then got double the property which they deserved. I said (to the man: Take one thousand (dirhams) which they have taken from you (by cheating). He said: No, my father has told me that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: Pay the deposit to him who deposited it with you, and do not betray him who betrays you.  

كُنْتُ أَكْتُبُ لِفُلاَنٍ نَفَقَةَ أَيْتَامٍ كَانَ وَلِيَّهُمْ فَغَالَطُوهُ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَأَدَّاهَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَدْرَكْتُ لَهُمْ مِنْ مَالِهِمْ مِثْلَيْهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ أَقْبِضُ الأَلْفَ الَّذِي ذَهَبُوا بِهِ مِنْكَ قَالَ لاَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ أَدِّ الأَمَانَةَ إِلَى مَنِ ائْتَمَنَكَ وَلاَ تَخُنْ مَنْ خَانَكَ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: Pay the deposit to him who deposited it with you, and do not betray him who betrayed you.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَدِّ الأَمَانَةَ إِلَى مَنِ ائْتَمَنَكَ وَلاَ تَخُنْ مَنْ خَانَكَ  

That the Prophet ﷺ used to accept a gift and make return for it.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَقْبَلُ الْهَدِيَّةَ وَيُثِيبُ عَلَيْهَا  

The Prophet ﷺ said: I swear by Allah, I shall not accept gift from anyone after this day except from an immigrant Qarashi, an Ansari a Dawsi or a Thaqafi.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَايْمُ اللَّهِ لاَ أَقْبَلُ بَعْدَ يَوْمِي هَذَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ هَدِيَّةً إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُهَاجِرًا قُرَشِيًّا أَوْ أَنْصَارِيًّا أَوْ دَوْسِيًّا أَوْ ثَقَفِيًّا  

The Prophet ﷺ as saying: One who seeks to take back a gift like the one who returns to it vomit. Hammam said: "And Qatadah said: We regard vomiting as unlawful."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْعَائِدُ فِي هِبَتِهِ كَالْعَائِدِ فِي قَيْئِهِ قَالَ هَمَّامٌ وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ وَلاَ نَعْلَمُ الْقَىْءَ إِلاَّ حَرَامًا  

The Prophet ﷺ said: It is not lawful for a man to make a donation or give a gift and then take it back, except a father regarding what he gives his child. One who gives a gift and then takes it back is like a dog which eats and vomits when it is full, then returns to its vomit.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يَحِلُّ لِرَجُلٍ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ عَطِيَّةً أَوْ يَهَبَ هِبَةً فَيَرْجِعَ فِيهَا إِلاَّ الْوَالِدَ فِيمَا يُعْطِي وَلَدَهُ وَمَثَلُ الَّذِي يُعْطِي الْعَطِيَّةَ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ فِيهَا كَمَثَلِ الْكَلْبِ يَأْكُلُ فَإِذَا شَبِعَ قَاءَ ثُمَّ عَادَ فِي قَيْئِهِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: The similitude of the one who takes back what he gifted is like that of a dog which vomits and then it eats vomit. When a donor seeks to take back (his gift), it should be made known and he informed why he sought to take it back. Then whatever he donated should be returned to him.  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَثَلُ الَّذِي يَسْتَرِدُّ مَا وَهَبَ كَمَثَلِ الْكَلْبِ يَقِيءُ فَيَأْكُلُ قَيْئَهُ فَإِذَا اسْتَرَدَّ الْوَاهِبُ فَلْيُوَقَّفْ فَلْيُعَرَّفْ بِمَا اسْتَرَدَّ ثُمَّ لِيُدْفَعْ إِلَيْهِ مَا وَهَبَ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone intercedes for his brother and he presents a gift to him for it and he accepts it, he approaches a great door of the doors of usury.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ شَفَعَ لأَخِيهِ بِشَفَاعَةٍ فَأَهْدَى لَهُ هَدِيَّةً عَلَيْهَا فَقَبِلَهَا فَقَدْ أَتَى بَابًا عَظِيمًا مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الرِّبَا  

My father gave me a gift. The narrator Isma'il b. Salim said: (He gave me) his slave as a gift. My mother 'Umrah daughter of Rawahah said: Go to the Messenger of Allah and call him as witness. He then came to the Prophet ﷺ and mentioned it to him. He said him: I have given my son al-Nu'man a gift, and 'Umrah has asked me to call you as witness to it. He asked him: Have you children other than him? He said: I replied: Yes. He again asked: Have you given the rest of them the same as you have given al-Nu'man ? He said: No. Some of these narrators said in their version (that the Prophet said:) This in injustice. The others said in their version (that the Prophet said:) This is under force. So call some other person than me as witness to it. Mughirah said in his version: (The Prophet asked): Are you not pleased with the fact that all of them may be equal in virtue and grace ? He replied: Yes. He said: Then call some other person than me as witness to it. Mujahid mentioned in his version: They have right to you that you should do justice to them, as you have right to them that they should do good to you. Abu Dawud said: In the version of al-Zuhri some (narrators) said: (Have you given) to all your sons ? and some (narrators) said: Your children. Ibn Abi Khalid narrated from al-Sha'bi in his version: Have your sons other than him ? Abu al-Duha narrated on the authority of al-Nu'man b. Bashir: Have you children other than him ?  

لَهُ أُمِّي عَمْرَةُ بِنْتُ رَوَاحَةَ إِيتِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَشْهِدْهُ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَشْهَدَهُ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي نَحَلْتُ ابْنِي النُّعْمَانَ نُحْلاً وَإِنَّ عَمْرَةَ سَأَلَتْنِي أَنْ أُشْهِدَكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَلَكَ وَلَدٌ سِوَاهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكُلَّهُمْ أَعْطَيْتَ مِثْلَ مَا أَعْطَيْتَ النُّعْمَانَ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ هَؤُلاَءِ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ هَذَا جَوْرٌ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا تَلْجِئَةٌ فَأَشْهِدْ عَلَى هَذَا غَيْرِي قَالَ مُغِيرَةُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ أَلَيْسَ يَسُرُّكَ أَنْ يَكُونُوا لَكَ فِي الْبِرِّ وَاللُّطْفِ سَوَاءً قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَشْهِدْ عَلَى هَذَا غَيْرِي وَذَكَرَ مُجَالِدٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ إِنَّ لَهُمْ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ أَنْ تَعْدِلَ بَيْنَهُمْ كَمَا أَنَّ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ أَنْ يَبَرُّوكَ  

That his father had given him a slave. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: What is this slave ? He replied: This is my slave which my father has given me. He asked: Has he given all your brothers the same as he has given you? He replied: No. He then said: Return it, then.  

لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا هَذَا الْغُلاَمُ قَالَ غُلاَمِي أَعْطَانِيهِ أَبِي قَالَ فَكُلَّ إِخْوَتِكَ أَعْطَى كَمَا أَعْطَاكَ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَارْدُدْهُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: Act equally between your children; Act equally between your sons.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اعْدِلُوا بَيْنَ أَوْلاَدِكُمْ اعْدِلُوا بَيْنَ أَبْنَائِكُمْ  

Bashir's wife said (to her husband): Give my son your slave, and call the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as witness for me. So he came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: The daughter of so-and-so has asked me to give her som my slave and said to me: Call the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as witness for her. He asked: Has he brothers? He replied: Yes. He again asked: Has he given them all the same as you have given him? He replied: No. He said: This is not good, and I will be a witness to what it right.  

قَالَتِ امْرَأَةُ بَشِيرٍ انْحَلِ ابْنِي غُلاَمَكَ وَأَشْهِدْ لِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ ابْنَةَ فُلاَنٍ سَأَلَتْنِي أَنْ أَنْحَلَ ابْنَهَا غُلاَمًا وَقَالَتْ لِي أَشْهِدْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِخْوَةٌ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكُلَّهُمْ أَعْطَيْتَ مِثْلَ مَا أَعْطَيْتَهُ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَلَيْسَ يَصْلُحُ هَذَا وَإِنِّي لاَ أَشْهَدُ إِلاَّ عَلَى حَقٍّ  

On his father's authority, said that his grandfather reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: It is not permissible for a woman to present a gift from the property which she has in her possession when her husband owns her chastity.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يَجُوزُ لاِمْرَأَةٍ أَمْرٌ فِي مَالِهَا إِذَا مَلَكَ زَوْجُهَا عِصْمَتَهَا  

The Prophet ﷺ said: It is not permissible for a woman to present a gift (from her husband's property) except with the permission of her husband.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يَجُوزُ لاِمْرَأَةٍ عَطِيَّةٌ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا  

The Prophet ﷺ as saying: Life tenancy is permissible.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْعُمْرَى جَائِزَةٌ  

A similar tradition has also been transmitted by Samurah from the Prophet ﷺ through a different chain of narrators.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ  

The Prophet ﷺ has saying: What is given in life-tenancy belongs to the one to whom it was given.  

أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ الْعُمْرَى لِمَنْ وُهِبَتْ لَهُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone is given life-tenancy, it belongs to him and to his descendants. His descendants who inherit him will inherit from it.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أُعْمِرَ عُمْرَى فَهِيَ لَهُ وَلِعَقِبِهِ يَرِثُهَا مَنْ يَرِثُهُ مِنْ عَقِبِهِ  

A similar tradition has also been transmitted by al-Laith b. Sa'd from al-Zuhri, from Abu Salamah from Jabir.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَاهُ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: If anyone has property given him in life-tenancy for the use of himself and his descendants, it belongs to the one to whom it is given and does not return to the one who gave it, because he gave a gift which may be inherited.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أُعْمِرَ عُمْرَى لَهُ وَلِعَقِبِهِ فَإِنَّهَا لِلَّذِي يُعْطَاهَا لاَ تَرْجِعُ إِلَى الَّذِي أَعْطَاهَا لأَنَّهُ أَعْطَى عَطَاءً وَقَعَتْ فِيهِ الْمَوَارِيثُ  

A similar tradition has been transmitted by 'Aqil from Ibn Shihab and by Yazid b. Abi Habib from Shihab. Al-Auza'i's wordings vary from those of Ibn Shihab. Fulaih b. Sulaiman also narrated the tradition like that of Malik.  

عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ وَرَوَاهُ فُلَيْحُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ مِثْلَ حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ  

The life-tenancy which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ allowed was only that one should say: It is for you and your descendants. When he says: It is yours as long as you live, it returns to its owner.  

إِنَّمَا الْعُمْرَى الَّتِي أَجَازَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَقُولَ هِيَ لَكَ وَلِعَقِبِكَ فَأَمَّا إِذَا قَالَ هِيَ لَكَ مَا عِشْتَ فَإِنَّهَا تَرْجِعُ إِلَى صَاحِبِهَا  

The Prophet ﷺ said: Do not give property to go to the survivor and do not give life-tenancy. If anyone is given something to the survivor or given life-tenancy, it goes to his heirs.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ تُرْقِبُوا وَلاَ تُعْمِرُوا فَمَنْ أُرْقِبَ شَيْئًا أَوْ أُعُمِرَهُ فَهُوَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ decided a case of a woman from the Ansar to whom an orchard of date-palms was given by her son. She then died. Her son said: I gave it to her for her life, and she has brothers. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: It belongs to her during her life and after death. He then said: I gave a sadaqah (charity to her. He replied: It is more unexpected from you.  

قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي امْرَأَةٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ أَعْطَاهَا ابْنُهَا حَدِيقَةً مِنْ نَخْلٍ فَمَاتَتْ فَقَالَ ابْنُهَا إِنَّمَا أَعْطَيْتُهَا حَيَاتَهَا وَلَهُ إِخْوَةٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هِيَ لَهَا حَيَاتَهَا وَمَوْتَهَا قَالَ كُنْتُ تَصَدَّقْتُ بِهَا عَلَيْهَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ أَبْعَدُ لَكَ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: Life-tenancy is lawful for the one to whom it is given and donation of property to go to the survivor is lawful to whom it is given.  

رَسُولُ ﷺ الْعُمْرَى جَائِزَةٌ لأَهْلِهَا وَالرُّقْبَى جَائِزَةٌ لأَهْلِهَا  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone gives something in life-tenancy, it belongs to the one to whom it is given, in his life and after his death; and do not give property to go to the survivor, for if anyone gives something to to to the survivor, it belongs to him.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَعْمَرَ شَيْئًا فَهُوَ لِمُعْمَرِهِ مَحْيَاهُ وَمَمَاتَهُ وَلاَ تُرْقِبُوا فَمَنْ أَرْقَبَ شَيئًا فَهُوَ سَبِيلُهُ  

'Umra' means that a man says to another man: It belongs to you so long as you live. When he says that, it belongs to him and to his heirs. Ruqba means that a man says to another: From me and from you.  

أَنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ لِلرَّجُلِ هُوَ لَكَ مَا عِشْتَ فَإِذَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَلِوَرَثَتِهِ وَالرُّقْبَى هُوَ أَنْ يَقُولَ الإِنْسَانُ هُوَ لِلآخِرِ مِنِّي وَمِنْكَ  

The Prophet ﷺ as saying: The hand which takes is responsible till it pays. Then al-Hasan forgot and said: (If you give something on loan to a man), he is your depositor ; there is no compensation (for it) on him.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ عَلَى الْيَدِ مَا أَخَذَتْ حَتَّى تُؤَدِّيَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَ نَسِيَ فَقَالَ هُوَ أَمِينُكَ لاَ ضَمَانَ عَلَيْهِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ borrowed coats of mail from him on the day of (the battle of) Hunayn. He asked: Are you taking them by force. Muhammad? He replied: No, it is a loan with a guarantee of their return. Abu Dawud said: This tradition narrated by Yazid (b. Harun) at Baghdad. There is some change in the tradition narrated by him at Wasit, which is something different.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ اسْتَعَارَ مِنْهُ أَدْرَاعًا يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ فَقَالَ أَغَصْبٌ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ لاَ بَلْ عَارِيَةٌ مَضْمُونَةٌ  

AbdulAziz ibn Rufay' narrated on the authority of some people from the descendants of Abdullah ibn Safwan who reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Have you weapons, Safwan? He asked: On loan or by force? He replied: No, but on loan. So he lent him coats of mail numbering between thirty and forty! The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fought the battle of Hunayn. When the polytheists were defeated, the coats of mail of Safwan were collected. Some of them were lost. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Safwan: We have lost some coats of mail from your coats of mail. Should we pay compensation to you? He replied: No. Messenger of Allah, for I have in my heart today what I did not have that day. Abu Dawud said: He lent him before embracing Islam. Then he embraced Islam.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَا صَفْوَانُ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ سِلاَحٍ قَالَ عَارِيَةً أَمْ غَصْبًا قَالَ لاَ بَلْ عَارِيَةً فَأَعَارَهُ مَا بَيْنَ الثَّلاَثِينَ إِلَى الأَرْبَعِينَ دِرْعًا وَغَزَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حُنَيْنًا فَلَمَّا هُزِمَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ جُمِعَتْ دُرُوعُ صَفْوَانَ فَفَقَدَ مِنْهَا أَدْرَاعًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِصَفْوَانَ إِنَّا قَدْ فَقَدْنَا مِنْ أَدْرَاعِكَ أَدْرَاعًا فَهَلْ نَغْرَمُ لَكَ قَالَ لاَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لأَنَّ فِي قَلْبِي الْيَوْمَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ يَوْمَئِذٍ  

The Prophet ﷺ borrowed. He then transmitted the rest of the tradition to the same effect.  

اسْتَعَارَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَاهُ  

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ Said: Allah , Most Exalted, has appointed for everyone who has a right what is due to him, and no will be made to an heir, and a woman should not spend anything from her house except with the permission of her husband. He was asked: Even foodgrain, Messenger of Allah? He replied: That is the best of our property. He then said: A loan must be paid back, a she-camel lent for a time for milking must be returned, a debt must be discharged, one who stands surety is held responsible.  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ ﷻ قَدْ أَعْطَى كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ فَلاَ وَصِيَّةَ لِوَارِثٍ وَلاَ تُنْفِقُ الْمَرْأَةُ شَيْئًا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلاَ الطَّعَامَ قَالَ ذَاكَ أَفْضَلُ أَمْوَالِنَا ثُمَّ قَالَ الْعَارِيَةُ مُؤَدَّاةٌ وَالْمِنْحَةُ مَرْدُودَةٌ وَالدَّيْنُ مَقْضِيٌّ وَالزَّعِيمُ غَارِمٌ