24. Book of Transactions (2/3)
٢٤۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ ص ٢
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ بَيْعِ الطَّعَامِ الَّذِي اشْتَرَى مُجَازَفَةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْوِيَهُ إِلَى رَحْلِهِ
[Machine] "I saw the companions of food striking during the time of the Messenger of Allahﷺ when they bought risky food, they sold it before bringing it to their caravans."
«رَأَيْتُ أَصْحَابَ الطَّعَامِ يَضْرِبُونَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا اشْتَرَوْا طَعَامًا مُجَازَفَةً فَبَاعُوهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْوُوهُ إِلَى رِحَالِهِمْ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ عَلَى أَشْجَارِهَا حَتَّى تَطْعَمَ
"the Messenger of Allah forbade selling the fruit of date palms until they are fit to eat." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4525)
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَطْعَمَ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ «حَتَّى يَطْعَمَ» أَرَادَ بِهِ ظُهُورَ صَلَاحِهَا
"Do not sell fruits until they have ripened."' (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2215)
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهَا»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ ظُهُورِ الصَّلَاحِ فِي الثَّمَرِ الَّذِي يَحِلُّ بَيْعُهَا عِنْدَ ظُهُورِهِ
the Messenger of Allah forbade selling fruits before they ripen. It was said: "O Messenger of Allah what does ripen mean?" he said: 'when they turn red." And the Messenger of Allah said: "What do you think if Allah withholds the fruits (causes it not to ripen), why would any one of you take his brother's wealth?" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4526)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى تُزْهِيَ قِيلَ وَمَا تُزْهِي؟ قَالَ حَتَّى تَحْمَرَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَرَأَيْتَ إِذَا مَنَعَ اللَّهُ الثَّمَرَةَ بِمَ يَأْخُذُ أَحَدُكُمْ مَالَ أَخِيهِ؟ »
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ حُكْمَ الْبَائِعِ وَالْمُشْتَرِي فِي هَذَا الزَّجْرِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ سَوَاءٌ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale of fruits till they were clearly in good condition, forbidding it both to the seller and to the buyer. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3367)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهَا نَهَى الْبَائِعَ وَالْمُشْتَرِيَ»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ ظُهُورِ الصَّلَاحِ فِي النَّخْلِ الَّذِي يَحِلُّ بَيْعُهَا عِنْدَهُ
[Machine] It was narrated from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he forbade engaging in Muhakalah (a type of financial transaction involving agriculture), Muzabanah (a type of financial transaction involving exchanging dates), and Mukh
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ «نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يُشْقِحَ وَالْإِشْقَاحُ أَنْ يَحْمَرَّ أَوْ يَصْفَرَّ أَوْ يُؤْكَلَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ» قَالَ زَيْدٌ فَقُلْتُ لِعَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ أَسَمِعْتَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَذْكُرُ ذَلِكَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ ظُهُورِ الصَّلَاحِ فِي الْحُبُوبِ الَّتِي يَحِلُّ بَيْعُهَا عِنْدَ وُجُودِهِ
The Prophet ﷺ forbade the sale of grapes till they became black and the sale of grain till it had become hard. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3371)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى تَزْهُوَ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْحَبِّ حَتَّى يَشْتَدَّ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْعِنَبِ حَتَّى يَسْوَدَّ»
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا زُجِرَ عَنْ بَيْعِ مَا وَصَفْنَا
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade selling palm-trees till the dates began to ripen, and ears of corn till they were white and were safe from blight, forbidding it both to the buyer and to the seller. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3368)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ السُّنْبُلِ حَتَّى يَبْيَضَّ وَيَأْمَنَ مِنَ الْعَاهَةِ نَهَى الْبَائِعَ وَالْمُشْتَرِيَ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمَرْءِ ثَمَرَةَ نَخْلِهِ سِنِينَ مَعْلُومَةً مِمَّا بَاعَ السَّنَةَ الْأُولَى مِنْهَا
the Prophet ﷺ forbade the deal involving earnest money . (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2192)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ السِّنِينَ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ
the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the Muhaqalah and the Muzabanah. (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2266)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ»
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا «نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ»
[Machine] Narrated by Al-Qa'nabi, from Malik, from Abdullah bin Yazid, the Mawla of Al-Aswad bin Sufyan, from Zaid bin Abi 'Ayyash, from Saad bin Abi Waqqas, that he was asked about selling white animals for silver coins. He replied, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ being asked about selling ripe dates for dried dates, and he said, 'Doesn't the dried date decrease in value when it becomes dry?' They replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'Then no.'"
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ مَوْلَى الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ زَيْدِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْبَيْضَاءِ بِالسُّلْتِ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الرُّطَبِ بِالتَّمْرِ فَقَالَ «أَلَيْسَ يَنْقُصُ الرُّطَبُ إِذَا جَفَّ؟ » قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَلَا إِذَا»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ، الَّتِي نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِهَا
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased them) reported Messenger of Allah ﷺ having forbidden Muzabana, and Muzabana implies the selling of fresh dates for dry dates by measuring them out and the selling of raisins by measure for grapes. (Using translation from Muslim 1542a)
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ بَيْعُ التَّمْرِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلًا وَبَيْعُ الْكَرْمِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلًا»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ، الَّتِي زُجِرَ عَنْ بَيْعِهَا
The Prophet ﷺ forbade the sale of fruits on the tree for fruits by measure, and sale of grapes for raisins by measure, and sale of harvest for wheat by measure. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3361)
أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ ثَمَرِ النَّخْلِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلًا وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْعِنَبِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلًا وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الزَّرْعِ بِالْحِنْطَةِ كَيْلًا»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْمُزَابَنَةَ الَّتِي نُهِيَ عَنْهَا قَدْ رُخِّصَ فِي بَيْعِ بَعْضِهَا لِعِلَّةٍ مَعْلُومَةٍ
From Jabir that the Prophet ﷺ prohibited Al-Muhaqalah, Al-Muzabanah, Al-Mukhabarah, and Al-Mu'awamah, and he permitted it in the case of Al-'Araya. (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1313)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُعَاوَمَةِ وَرَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا»
24.6.65 Subsection
٢٤۔٦۔٦٥ ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْعَرِيَّةَ الَّتِي رُخِّصَ فِيهَا هِيَ بَيْعُ بَعْضِ الرُّطَبِ بِالثَّمَرِ
Zaid b. Thabit (Allah be pleased with him) reported Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) having given concession in case of 'ariyya for selling dry dates (with) fresh dates after measuring them out. (Using translation from Muslim 1539c)
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ لِصَاحِبِ الْعَرِيَّةِ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا بِخَرْصِهَا مِنَ التَّمْرِ»
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale of fruits for dried dates, but gave license regarding the 'araya for its sale on the basis of a calculation of their amount. But those who buy them can eat them when fresh. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3363)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ بِالثَّمَرِ وَرَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرِيَّةِ أَنْ تُبَاعَ بِخَرْصِهَا وَالْعَرِيَّةُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَهَا أَهْلُهَا رُطَبًا»
24.6 [Machine] Prohibited Sale
٢٤۔٦ بَابُ الْبَيْعِ الْمَنْهِيِّ عَنْهُ
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا زُجِرَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ بِالثَّمَرِ
Which of them is better? He replied: Soft and white kind of wheat. So he forbade him from it and said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (sawa) say, when he was asked about buying dry dates for fresh. The Messenger of Allah (sawa) said: Are fresh dates diminished when they become dry? The (the people) replied: Yes. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade that. Abu Dawud said: A similar tradition has also been transmitted by Isma'il b. Umayyah. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3359)
وَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنْ يَبِسِ التَّمْرِ بِالرُّطَبِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَيَنْقُصُ الرُّطَبُ إِذَا يَبِسَ؟ » قَالَ نَعَمْ فَنَهَاهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ
ذِكْرُ إِبَاحَةِ بَعْضِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ لِلْعِلَّةِ الْمَعْلُومَةِ فِيهِ
"Zaid bin Thabit narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave a concession regarding the sale of 'Araya.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2268)
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا بِخَرْصِهَا»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِصِحَّةِ مَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ
[Machine] From the Prophet ﷺ that he permitted the sale of used clothing.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ «رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا بِخَرْصِهَا»
ذِكْرُ الْقَدْرِ الَّذِي يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ الْعَرَايَا بِهِ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted Al-'Araya in cases less than five Wasq. Or similar. (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1301)
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ أَوْ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ الْقَدْرِ، الَّذِي يَجُوزُ بِهِ، بَيْعُ الْعَرَايَا
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted Al-'Araya in cases less than five Wasq. Or similar. (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1301)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ أَوْ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ»
ذِكْرُ الِاسْتِحْبَابِ لِلْمَرْءِ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْعُهُ الْعَرَايَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ وَلَا يُجَاوِزُ بِهِ إِلَى أَنْ يَبْلُغَ خَمْسَةَ أَوْسُقٍ احْتِيَاطًا
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he allowed the poor to sell grapes by the bunch, he said, "Al-Wasq, al-Wasqayn, ath-Thalathah, wal-Arba'ah."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ أَذِنَ لِلْعَرَايَا أَنْ يَبِيعُوهَا بِخَرْصِهَا يَقُولُ «الْوَسْقُ وَالْوَسْقَيْنِ وَالثَّلَاثَةُ وَالْأَرْبَعَةُ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْمُزَابَنَةَ الْمَنْهِيَّ عَنْهَا لَمْ يُرَخَّصْ فِيهَا إِلَّا بَيْعُ الْعَرَايَا فَقَطْ
"The Messenger of Allah granted a concession allowing 'Araya sales for fresh dates and for dried dates, but he did not allow anything other than that." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4540)
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا وَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ فِي غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ يُوهِمُ بَعْضَ الْمُسْتَمِعِينَ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَطْلُبِ الْعِلْمَ مِنْ مَظَانِّهِ أَنَّ بَيْعَ الْمُسْلِمِ السِّلَاحَ مِنَ الْحَرْبِيِّ جَائِزٌ
[Machine] "I will not give you anything until you disbelieve in Muhammad." So I said, "I will not disbelieve in Muhammad until Allah causes you to die, then brings you back to life." He said, "If Allah causes me to die and then resurrects me, I will have wealth and children which I will give to you." So I said, "That is for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." Then Allah revealed the verse: "Have you seen the one who disbelieves in Our signs and says, 'I will surely be given wealth and children'?" (Quran 19:77)
«لَا أُعْطِيكَ حَتَّى تَكْفُرَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ» فَقُلْتُ «لَا أَكْفُرُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ حَتَّى يُمِيتَكَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ يُحْيِيَكَ» قَالَ «إِذَا أَمَاتَنِي اللَّهُ ثُمَّ يَبْعَثُنِي وَلِي مَالٌ وَوَلَدٌ أَعْطَيْتُكَ» فَقُلْتُ «ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {أَفَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي كَفَرَ بِآيَاتِنَا وَقَالَ لَأُوتَيَنَّ مَالًا وَوَلَدًا} » الْآيَةَ