12. Nikāḥ (Marriage)
١٢۔ كتاب النكاح
Abu Hurairah reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying “ A woman who has been previously married should not be married until her permission is asked nor should a virgin be married without her permission. “They (the people) asked “What is her permission, Apostle of Allaah ﷺ? He replied “it is by her keeping silence.”
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ تُنْكَحُ الثَّيِّبُ حَتَّى تُسْتَأْمَرَ وَلاَ الْبِكْرُ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهَا قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا إِذْنُهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَسْكُتَ
The Prophet ﷺ said: An orphan virgin girl should be consulted about herself; if she says nothing that indicates her permission, but if she refuses, the authority of the guardian cannot be exercised against her will. The full information rest with the tradition narrated by Yazid. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has also been transmitted in a similar way by Abu Khalid Sulaiman b. Hayyan and Mu'adh b. Mu'adh on the authority of Muhammad b. 'Amr.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تُسْتَأْمَرُ الْيَتِيمَةُ فِي نَفْسِهَا فَإِنْ سَكَتَتْ فَهُوَ إِذْنُهَا وَإِنْ أَبَتْ فَلاَ جَوَازَ عَلَيْهَا وَالإِخْبَارُ فِي حَدِيثِ يَزِيدَ
The word "weeps" is not guarded. This is a misunderstanding of the tradition on the part of the narrator Ibn Idris or Muhammad b. al-'Ata. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has also been narrated by Abu 'Amr Dhakwan on the authority of 'Aishah who said: A virgin is ashamed of speaking, Messenger of Allah. He said: Her silence is her acceptance.
فَإِنْ بَكَتْ أَوْ سَكَتَتْ زَادَ بَكَتْ
The Prophet ﷺ said: Consult women about (the marriage of) their daughters.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ آمِرُوا النِّسَاءَ فِي بَنَاتِهِنَّ