12. Nikāḥ (Marriage)
١٢۔ كتاب النكاح
Ibn ‘Abbas reported the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ as saying “A woman without a husband has more right to her person than her guardian and a virgin’s permission must be asked, her permission being her silence. These are the words of Al Qa’nabi.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الأَيِّمُ أَحَقُّ بِنَفْسِهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا وَالْبِكْرُ تُسْتَأْذَنُ فِي نَفْسِهَا وَإِذْنُهَا صُمَاتُهَا وَهَذَا لَفْظُ الْقَعْنَبِيِّ
The above tradition has been transmitted by ‘Abd Allaah bin Al Fadl through his chain of narrators and with different meaning. The version goes “A woman without a husband has more right to her person than her guardian and the father of a virgin should ask her permission about herself.” Abu Dawud said “ The word “her father” is not guarded.
الثَّيِّبُ أَحَقُّ بِنَفْسِهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا وَالْبِكْرُ يَسْتَأْمِرُهَا أَبُوهَا
The Prophet ﷺ said: A guardian has no concern with a woman previously married and has no husband, and an orphan girl (i.e. virgin) must be consulted, her silence being her acceptance.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَيْسَ لِلْوَلِيِّ مَعَ الثَّيِّبِ أَمْرٌ وَالْيَتِيمَةُ تُسْتَأْمَرُ وَصَمْتُهَا إِقْرَارُهَا
Khansa’ daughter of Khidham al-Ansariyyah reports that when her father married her when she had previously been married and she disapproved of that she went to the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ and mentioned it to him. He (the Prophet) revoked her marriage.
أَنَّ أَبَاهَا زَوَّجَهَا وَهِيَ ثَيِّبٌ فَكَرِهَتْ ذَلِكَ فَجَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَرَدَّ نِكَاحَهَا