7. Wars
٧۔ كِتَابُ الْمُحَارَبَةِ
"Killing a believer is more grievous before Allah than the extinction of the whole world." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3988)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَتْلُ مُؤْمِنٍ أَعْظَمُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ زَوَالِ الدُّنْيَا»
The Prophet [SAW] said: "The extinction of the whole world is less significant before Allah than killing a Muslim man." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3987)
أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَزَوَالُ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ قَتْلِ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ»
"Killing a believer is more grievous before Allah than the extinction of the whole world." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3988)
«قَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَعْظَمُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ زَوَالِ الدُّنْيَا»
"Killing a believer is more grievous before Allah than the extinction of the whole world." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3988)
«قَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَعْظَمُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ زَوَالِ الدُّنْيَا»
"Killing a believer is more grievous before Allah than the extinction of the whole world." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3988)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «قَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَعْظَمُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ زَوَالِ الدُّنْيَا»
"The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: 'The first thing concerning which a person will be brought to account will be the Salah, and the first thing concerning which scores will be settled among the people, will be bloodshed." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3991)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَوَّلُ مَا يُحَاسَبُ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ الصَّلَاةُ وَأَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ»
"The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: 'The first matter concerning which judgment will be passed among the people will be bloodshed.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3992)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ أَوَّلُ مَا يُحْكَمُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ»
The Prophet ﷺ said, "The first cases to be decided among the people (on the Day of Resurrection) will be those of blood-shed." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6864)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِيهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ»
The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: "The first matter concerning which scores will be settled among the people on the Day of Resurrection will be bloodshed." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3993)
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ «أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ»
“The first matter concerning which judgment will be passed among the people on the Day of Resurrection will be bloodshed.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2615)
«أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ»
"The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: 'The first matter concerning which scores will be settled among the people on the Day of Resurrection will be bloodshed.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3995)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى فِيهِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ»
The Prophet ﷺ said, "The first cases to be decided among the people (on the Day of Resurrection) will be those of blood-shed." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6864)
«أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ»
The Prophet [SAW] said: "A man will come, holding another man's hand, and will say: 'O Lord, this man killed me.' Allah will say to him: 'Why did you kill him?' He will say: 'I killed him so that the glory would be to you.' He will say: 'It is to Me.' Then (another) man will come holding another man's hand, and will say: 'This man killed me.' Allah will say to him: 'Why did you kill him?' He will say: 'So that the glory would be to so and so.' He will say: 'It is not to so and so,' and the burden of sin will be upon him." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3997)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ يَجِيءُ الرَّجُلُ آخِذًا بِيَدِ الرَّجُلِ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ هَذَا قَتَلَنِي فَيَقُولُ اللهُ لَهُ لِمَ قَتَلْتَهُ؟ فَيَقُولُ قَتَلْتُهُ لِتَكُونَ الْعِزَّةُ لَكَ فَيَقُولُ فَإِنَّهَا لِي وَيَجِيءُ الرَّجُلُ آخِذًا بِيَدِ الرَّجُلِ فَيَقُولُ إِنَّ هَذَا قَتَلَنِي فَيَقُولُ اللهُ لَهُ لِمَ قَتَلْتَهُ؟ فَيَقُولُ قَتَلْتُهُ لِتَكُونَ الْعِزَّةُ لِفُلَانٍ فَيَقُولُ فَإِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ لِفُلَانٍ فَيَبُوءُ بِإِثْمِهِ
"Jundab said: 'So and so told me that the Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: The slain will bring his killer on the Day of Resurrection and will say: Ask him why he killed me. He will say: I killed him defending the kingdom of so and so.'" Jundab said: "So be careful.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3998)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَجِيءُ الْمَقْتُولُ بِقَاتِلِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيَقُولُ سَلْ هَذَا فِيمَ قَتَلَنِي؟ فَيَقُولُ قَتَلْتُهُ عَلَى مُلْكِ فُلَانٍ قَالَ جُنْدُبٌ فَاتَّقِهَا
Ibn 'Abbas was asked about someone who killed a believer deliberately, then he repented, believed and did righteous deeds, and followed true guidance. Ibn 'Abbas said: "There is no way the repentance could avail him! I heard the Prophet [SAW] say: 'He (the victim) will come hanging onto his killer, with his jugular veins flowing with blood and saying: O Lord, ask him why he killed me. Then he said: By Allah, Allah revealed it and never abrogated anything of it.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3999)
سَمِعْتُ نَبِيَّكُمْ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَجِيءُ مُتَعَلِّقًا بِالْقَاتِلِ تَشْخَبُ أَوْدَاجُهُ دَمًا فَيَقُولُ أَيْ رَبِّ سَلْ هَذَا فِيمَ قَتَلَنِي؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ أَنْزَلَهَا اللهُ ثُمَّ مَا نَسَخَهَا
"The people of Al-Kufah differed concerning this Verse: "And whoever kills a believer intentionally." So I went to Ibn 'Abbas and asked him, and he said: 'It was revealed among the last of what was revealed, and nothing of it was abrogated after that.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4000)
لَقَدْ نَزَلَتْ فِي آخِرِ مَا أُنْزِلَ ثُمَّ مَا نَسَخَهَا شَيْءٌ
"I said to Ibn 'Abbas: 'Can a person, who killed a believer intentionally, repent?' He said: 'No.' I recited the Verse from Al-Furqan to him: 'And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah, or kill such person as Allah has forbidden, except by right,' he said: 'This Verse was revealed in Makkah and was abrogated by a Verse that was revealed in Al-Madinah: 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4001)
قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ هَلْ لِمَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ؟ قَالَ لَا وَقَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْآيَةَ الَّتِي فِي الْفُرْقَانِ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ} [الفرقان 68] قَالَ هَذِهِ آيَةٌ مَكِّيَّةٌ نَسَخَتْهَا آيَةٌ مَدَنِيَّةٌ {وَمَنْ يُقْتَلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ} [النساء 93]
'Abd al Rahman b. Abzi commanded me that I should ask Ibn 'Abbas about these two verses:" He who slays a believer intentionally his requital shall be Hell where he would abide for ever" (iv. 92). So, I asked him and he said: Nothing has abrogated it. And as for this verse:" And they who call not upon another god with Allah and slay not the soul which Allah has forbidden, except in the cause of justice" (xxv. 68), he (Ibn Abbas) said: This has been revealed in regard to the polytheists." (Using translation from Muslim 3023c)
عَنْ هَاتَيْنِ الْآيَتَيْنِ {وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا} [النساء 93] فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ لَمْ يَنْسَخْهَا شَيْءٌ وَعَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ} [الفرقان 68] قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ
Some people used to kill, and they did a great deal of it, and they used to commit adultery and they did a great deal of it, and they committed violations. They came to the Prophet [SAW] and said: "O Muhammad, what you say and call people to is good, if only you could tell us that there is any expiation for what we have done." Then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: "And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah up to for those, Allah will change their sins into good deeds," he said: "So Allah will change their Shirk into faith, and their adultery into chastity. And the Verse: "Say: O 'Ibadi (My slaves) who have transgressed against themselves (by committing evil deeds and sins)" was revealed. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4003)
أَنَّ قَوْمًا كَانُوا قَتَلُوا فَأَكْثَرُوا وَزَنَوْا فَأَكْثَرُوا وَانْتَهَكُوا فَأَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ الَّذِي تَقُولُ وَتَدَعُو إِلَيْهِ لَحَقٌّ لَو تُخْبِرُنَا أَنَّ لِمَا عَمِلْنَاهُ كَفَّارَةً فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا يَزْنُونَ} [الفرقان 68] إِلَى {فَأُولَئِكَ يُبَدِّلُ اللهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ حَسَنَاتٍ وَكَانَ اللهُ غَفُورًا رَحِيمًا} [الفرقان 70] قَالَ يُبَدَّلُ اللهُ بِشِرْكِهِمْ إِيمَانًا وَبِزِنَاهُمْ إِحْصَانًا وَنَزَلَتْ {قُلْ يَا عَبَّادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ} [الزمر 53] الْآيَةَ
Some pagans who committed murders in great number and committed illegal sexual intercourse excessively, came to Muhammad and said, "O Muhammad! Whatever you say and invite people to, is good: but we wish if you could inform us whether we can make an expiration for our (past evil) deeds." So the Divine Verses came: 'Those who invoke not with Allah any other god, not kill such life as Allah has forbidden except for just cause, nor commit illegal sexual intercourse.' (25.68) And there was also revealed:-- 'Say: O My slaves who have transgressed against their souls! Despair not of the Mercy of Allah.' (39.53) (Using translation from Bukhārī 4810)
أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ أَتَوْا مُحَمَّدًا فَقَالُوا إِنَّ الَّذِي تَقُولُ وَتَدَعُو إِلَيْهِ لَخَيْرٌ لَو تُخْبِرَنَا أَنَّ لِمَا عَمِلْنَا كَفَّارَةً فَأُنْزِلَتْ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ} [الفرقان 68] وَنَزَلَتْ {قُلْ يَا عَبَّادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ} [الزمر 53]
The Prophet [SAW] said: "The slain will bring his killer on the Day of Resurrection with his forelock and his head in his hand, and with his jugular veins flowing with blood, and will say: 'O Lord, he killed me,' until he draws near to the Throne." They mentioned repentance to Ibn 'Abbas and he recited this Verse: "And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell" He said: "It has not been abrogated since it was revealed; there is no way he could repent." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4005)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ يَجِيءُ الْمَقْتُولُ بِالْقَاتِلِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ نَاصِيَتُهُ وَرَأْسُهُ فِي يَدِهِ وَأَوْدَاجُهُ تَشْخَبُ دَمًا يَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ قَتَلَنِي حَتَّى يُدْنِيَهُ مِنَ الْعَرْشِ قَالَ فَذَكَرُوا لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ التَّوْبَةَ فَتَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَمَنْ يُقْتَلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا} [النساء 93] قَالَ مَا نُسِخَتْ مُنْذُ أُنْزِلَتْ وَأَنَّى لَهُ بِالتَّوْبَةِ
"This Verse - 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell' - was revealed six months after the Verse which was revealed in Surat Al-Furqan." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4006)
نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {وَمَنْ يُقْتَلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا} [النساء 93] الْآيَةُ كُلُّهَا بَعْدَ الْآيَةِ الَّتِي أُنْزِلَتْ فِي الْفُرْقَانِ بِسِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ مِنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ
"And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell" that he said: "This Verse was revealed eight months after the Verse that is in Tabark Al-Furqan: "And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah, or kill such person as Allah has forbidden, except by right." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4007)
عَنْ زَيْدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ يُقْتَلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا} [النساء 93] قَالَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ بَعْدَ الَّتِي فِي تَبَارَكَ بِثَمَانِيَةِ أَشْهُرٍ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ} [الفرقان 68] قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَدْخَلَ أَبُو الزِّنَادِ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ خَارِجَةَ مُجَالِدَ بْنَ عَوْفٍ
"I heard Kharijah bin Zaid bin Thabit narrate that his father said: (The Verse) 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell' was revealed and we became worried about it. Then the Verse in Al-Furqan 'And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah, or kill such person as Allah has forbidden, except by right.' was revealed." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4008)
نَزَلَتْ {وَمَنْ يُقْتَلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا} [النساء 93] أَشْفَقْنَا مِنْهَا فَنَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي فِي الْفُرْقَانِ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ} [الفرقان 68]