" 0 you who believe, obey Allah, His Apostle and those in authority from amongst You" (iv. 59) -was revealed in respect of 'Abdullah b. Hudhafa b. Qais b. Adi al-Sahmi who was despatched by the Prophet ﷺ as leader of a military campaign. The narrator said: He was informed of this fact by Ya'la b. Muslim who was informed by Sa'id b. Jubair who in turn was informed by Ibn Abbas.  

ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ نَزَلَ { يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ} فِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حُذَافَةَ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ السَّهْمِيِّ بَعَثَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ أَخْبَرَنِيهِ يَعْلَى بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ  

Whoso obeys me obeys God, and whoso disobeys me disobeys God. Whoso obeys the commander (appointed by me) obeys me, and whoso disobeys the commander disobeys me. The same tradition transmitted by different persons omits the portion: And whose disobeys the commander disobeys me.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَمَنْ يَعْصِنِي فَقَدْ عَصَى اللَّهَ وَمَنْ يُطِعِ الأَمِيرَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَنِي وَمَنْ يَعْصِ الأَمِيرَ فَقَدْ عَصَانِي وَحَدَّثَنِيهِ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُر وَمَنْ يَعْصِ الأَمِيرَ فَقَدْ عَصَانِي  

Whoso obeys me obeys God; and whose disobeys me disobeys God. Whoso obeys my commander obeys me, and whoso disobeys my commander disobeys me.  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَقَدْ عَصَى اللَّهَ وَمَنْ أَطَاعَ أَمِيرِي فَقَدْ أَطَاعَنِي وَمَنْ عَصَى أَمِيرِي فَقَدْ عَصَانِي  

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمِثْلِهِ سَوَاءً  

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira by more than one chain of transmitters.  

حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ مِنْ فِيهِ إِلَى فِيَّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ح وَحَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ عَطَاءٍ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَلْقَمَةَ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِهِمْ  

Hammam b. Munabbih has transmitted this hadith on the authority of Abu Huraira.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِهِمْ  

Whoso obeys the commander. He did not say:" My commander."  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِذَلِكَ وَقَالَ مَنْ أَطَاعَ الأَمِيرَ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ أَمِيرِي وَكَذَلِكَ فِي حَدِيثِ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ  

It is obligatory for you to listen to the ruler and obey him in adversity and prosperity, in pleasure and displeasure, and even when another person is given (rather undue) preference over you.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَيْكَ السَّمْعَ وَالطَّاعَةَ فِي عُسْرِكَ وَيُسْرِكَ وَمَنْشَطِكَ وَمَكْرَهِكَ وَأَثَرَةٍ عَلَيْكَ  

My friend (i. e. the Holy Prophet) advised me to listen (to the man in position of authority) and obey (him) even if he were a slave maimed (and disabled).  

أَنْ أَسْمَعَ وَأُطِيعَ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَبْدًا مُجَدَّعَ الأَطْرَافِ  

" An Abyssinian slave maimed and disabled."  

عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَقَالاَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا مُجَدَّعَ الأَطْرَافِ  

Abu 'Imran narrated this hadith with a slight change of wording.  

ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَبْدًا مُجَدَّعَ الأَطْرَافِ  

If a slave is appointed over you and he conducts your affairs according to the Book of Allah, you should listen to him and obeey (his orders).  

أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ وَلَوِ اسْتُعْمِلَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَبْدٌ يَقُودُكُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا  

"An Abyssinian slave."  

بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَقَالَ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا  

In other versions of the above tradition, the wordings are" an Abyssinian slave." and" a maimed Abyssinian slave".  

وَقَالَ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا مُجَدَّعًا  

" I have heard the Prophet ﷺ (say this) at Mina or 'Arafat."  

حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ حَبَشِيًّا مُجَدَّعًا وَزَادَ أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمِنًى أَوْ بِعَرَفَاتٍ  

I heard her say: I performed Hajjat-ul-Wada' in the company of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said a lot of things (on this occasion). Then I heard him say: If a maimed slave is appointed a commander over you the narrator says: I think she said:" a black stave" who leads you according to the Book of Allah, then listen to him and obey him.  

سَمِعْتُهَا تَقُولُ حَجَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ قَالَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَوْلاً كَثِيرًا ثُمَّ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنْ أُمِّرَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَبْدٌ مُجَدَّعٌ حَسِبْتُهَا قَالَتْ أَسْوَدُ يَقُودُكُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا  

It is obligatory upon a Muslim that he should listen (to the ruler appointed over him) and obey him whether he likes it or not, except that he is ordered to do a sinful thing. If he is ordered to do a sinful act, a Muslim should neither listen to him nor should he obey his orders.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ الْمُسْلِمِ السَّمْعُ وَالطَّاعَةُ فِيمَا أَحَبَّ وَكَرِهَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُؤْمَرَ بِمَعْصِيَةٍ فَإِنْ أُمِرَ بِمَعْصِيَةٍ فَلاَ سَمْعَ وَلاَ طَاعَةَ  

This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of 'Ubaidullah.  

عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ  

Enter it. Some people made up their minds to enter it (the fire), (carrying out the order of their commander), but the others said: We fled from the fire (that's why we have come into the fold of Islam). The matter was reported to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said to those who Contemplated entering (the fire at the order of their commander): If you had entered it, you would have remained there until the Day of Judgment. He commanded the act of the latter group and said: There is no submission in matters involving God's disobedience or displeasure. Submission is obligatory only in what is good (and reasonable).  

عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّعليه وسلم بَعَثَ جَيْشًا وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَجُلاً فَأَوْقَدَ نَارًا وَقَالَ ادْخُلُوهَا فَأَرَادَ نَاسٌ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا وَقَالَ الآخَرُونَ إِنَّا قَدْ فَرَرْنَا مِنْهَا فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لِلَّذِينَ أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا لَوْ دَخَلْتُمُوهَا لَمْ تَزَالُوا فِيهَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَقَالَ لِلآخَرِينَ قَوْلاً حَسَنًا وَقَالَ لاَ طَاعَةَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا الطَّاعَةُ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ  

The Mersenger of Allah ﷺ sent an expeditionand appointed over the Mujahids a man from the Ansar. (While making the appointment), he ordered that his work should be listened to and obeyed. They made him angry in a matter. He said: Collect for me dry wood. They collected it for him. Then he said: Kindle a fire. They kindled (the fire). Then he said: Didn't the Messenger of Allah ﷺ order you to listen to me and obey (my orders)? They said: Yes. He said: Enter the fire. The narrator says: (At this), they began to look at one another and said: We fled from the fire to (find refuge with) the Messenger of Allah ﷺ (and now you order us to enter it). They stood quiet until his anger cooled down and the fire went out. When they returned, they related the incident to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: If they had entered it, they would not have come out. Obedience (to the commander) is obligatory only in what is good.  

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَجُلاً مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَيُطِيعُوا فَأَغْضَبُوهُ فِي شَىْءٍ فَقَالَ اجْمَعُوا لِي حَطَبًا فَجَمَعُوا لَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَوْقِدُوا نَارًا فَأَوْقَدُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَمْ يَأْمُرْكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ تَسْمَعُوا لِي وَتُطِيعُوا قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ فَادْخُلُوهَا قَالَ فَنَظَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ فَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا فَرَرْنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنَ النَّارِ فَكَانُوا كَذَلِكَ وَسَكَنَ غَضَبُهُ وَطُفِئَتِ النَّارُ فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا ذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَوْ دَخَلُوهَا مَا خَرَجُوا مِنْهَا إِنَّمَا الطَّاعَةُ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ  

This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of A'mash.  

عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took an oath of allegiance from us on our listening to and obeying the orders of our commander in adversity and prosperity, in pleasure and displeasure (and even) when somebody is given preference over us, on our avoiding to dispute the delegation of powers to a person deemed to be a fit recipient thereof (in the eye of one who delegates it) and on our telling the truth in whatever position we be without fearing in the matter ef Allah the reproach of the reproacher.  

بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَالْمَنْشَطِ وَالْمَكْرَهِ وَعَلَى أَثَرَةٍ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى أَنْ لاَ نُنَازِعَ الأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ وَعَلَى أَنْ نَقُولَ بِالْحَقِّ أَيْنَمَا كُنَّا لاَ نَخَافُ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لاَئِمٍ  

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of 'Ubada b. Walid with the same chain of transmitters.  

عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ فِي هَذَا الإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ  

The same tradition has been handed down through more than one chain of transmitters.  

بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ إِدْرِيسَ  

We called upon 'Ubada b. Samit who was ill and said to him: May God give you health I Narrate to us a tradition which God may prove beneficial (to us) and which you have heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called us and we took the oath of allegiance to him. Among the injunctions he made binding upon us was: Listening and obedience (to the Amir) in our pleasure and displeasure, in our adversity and prosperity, even when somebody is given preference over us, and without disputing the delegation of powers to a man duly invested with them (Obedience shall be accorded to him in all circumstances) except when you have clear signs of his disbelief in (or disobedience to) God-signs that could be used as a conscientious justification (for non-compliance with his orders).  

حَدِّثْنَا أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ بِحَدِيثٍ يَنْفَعُ اللَّهُ بِهِ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ دَعَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ فَكَانَ فِيمَا أَخَذَ عَلَيْنَا أَنْ بَايَعَنَا عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي مَنْشَطِنَا وَمَكْرَهِنَا وَعُسْرِنَا وَيُسْرِنَا وَأَثَرَةٍ عَلَيْنَا وَأَنْ لاَ نُنَازِعَ الأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَرَوْا كُفْرًا بَوَاحًا عِنْدَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِيهِ بُرْهَانٌ