33. Government
٣٣۔ كتاب الإمارة
While a man walks along a path, finds a thorny twig lying on the way and puts it aside, Allah would appreciate it and forgive him The Prophet ﷺ said: The martyrs are of five kinds: one who dies of plague; one who dies of diarrhoea (or cholera) ; one who is drowned; one who is buried under debris and one who dies fighting in the way of Allah.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا رَجُلٌ يَمْشِي بِطَرِيقٍ وَجَدَ غُصْنَ شَوْكٍ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَأَخَّرَهُ فَشَكَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فَغَفَرَ لَهُ وَقَالَ الشُّهَدَاءُ خَمْسَةٌ الْمَطْعُونُ وَالْمَبْطُونُ وَالْغَرِقُ وَصَاحِبُ الْهَدْمِ وَالشَّهِيدُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ﷻ
Whom do you consider to be a martyr among you? They (the Companions) said: Messenger, of Allah, one who is slain in the way of Allah is a martyr. He said: Then (if this is the definition of a martyr) the martyrs of my Umma will be small in number. They asked: Messenger of Allah, who are they? He said: One who is slain in the way of Allah is a martyr; one who dies in the way of Allah, is a martyr; one who dies of plague is a martyr; one who dies of cholera is a martyr. Ibn Miqsam said: I testify the truth of your father's statement (with regard to this tradition) that the Prophet ﷺ said: One who is drowned is a martyr.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا تَعُدُّونَ الشَّهِيدَ فِيكُمْ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ قَالَ إِنَّ شُهَدَاءَ أُمَّتِي إِذًا لَقَلِيلٌ قَالُوا فَمَنْ هُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ مَنْ قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ مَاتَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ مَاتَ فِي الطَّاعُونِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ مَاتَ فِي الْبَطْنِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ قَالَ ابْنُ مِقْسَمٍ أَشْهَدُ عَلَى أَبِيكَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَالْغَرِيقُ شَهِيدٌ
عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ غَيْرَ أَنَّ فِي حَدِيثِهِ قَالَ سُهَيْلٌ قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مِقْسَمٍ أَشْهَدُ عَلَى أَبِيكَ أَنَّهُ زَادَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَمَنْ غَرِقَ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ
عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ وَزَادَ فِيهِ وَالْغَرِقُ شَهِيدٌ
Anas b. Malik asked me the cause of death of Yahya b. 'Abu 'Amra. I said: (He died) of plague. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that death by plague is martyrdom for a Muslim.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الطَّاعُونُ شَهَادَةٌ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ
A similar narration has also been narrated through this chain.
فِي هَذَا الإِسْنَادِ بِمِثْلِهِ