2. Additions by Ibn Rajab al-Ḥanbalī

٢۔ زيادات ابن رجب الحنبلي

2.47 The Stomach is the Worst of Things to be Filled-up

٢۔٤٧ ما ملأ آدمي وعاء شرا من بطن

[Machine] About Al-Miqdam ibn Ma'di Karb, it is narrated: "No vessel can fill a person worse than his stomach..." This is narrated by Imam Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah, and Tirmidhi said it is a good (hasan) hadith.

عَنِ المِقْدامِ بْنِ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ: «ما مَلَأ آدَمِيٌّ وِعاءً شَرًّا مِن بَطْنٍ۔۔۔» رَواهُ الإمامُ أحْمَدُ والتِّرْمِذِيُّ والنَّسائِيُّ وابْنُ ماجَهْ وقالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ

(47) ahmad:17186Abū al-Mughīrah > Sulaymān b. Sulaym al-Kinānī > Yaḥyá b. Jābir al-Ṭāʾī > al-Miqdām b. Maʿdī Karib al-Kindī

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "The human being does not fill any vessel that is worse than his stomach. It is sufficient for the son of Adam to eat what will support his back. If this is not possible, then a third for food, a third for drink, and third for his breath."  

(٤٧) أحمد:١٧١٨٦حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ الْكِنَانِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ جَابِرٍ الطَّائِيُّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الْمِقْدَامَ بْنَ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ الْكِنْدِيَّ قَالَ

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «مَا مَلَأَ ابْنُ آدَمَ وِعَاءً شَرًّا مِنْ بَطْنٍ: حَسْبُ ابْنِ آدَمَ أُكُلَاتٌ يُقِمْنَ صُلْبَهُ؛ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا مَحَالَةَ فَثُلُثُ طَعَامٍ، وَثُلُثُ شَرَابٍ، وَثُلُثٌ لِنَفْسِهِ۔»  

One should eat only what is sufficient for his well-being

(47-2) tirmidhi:2380Sūwayd b. Naṣr > ʿAbdullāh b. al-Mubārak > Ismāʿīl b. ʿAyyāsh > Abū Salamah al-Ḥimṣī and Ḥabīb b. Ṣāliḥ > Yaḥyá b. Jābir al-Ṭāʾī > Miqdām b. Maʿdīkarib

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "The human being does not fill any vessel that is worse than his stomach. It is sufficient for the son of Adam to eat what will support his back. If this is not possible, then a third for food, a third for drink, and third for his breath."  

Ḥasan b. ʿArafah > Ismāʿīl b. ʿAyyāsh narrated the same. It is also narrated by Miqdām b. Maʿdīkarib from the Prophet ﷺ and "I heard from the Prophet ﷺ" is not mentioned in that narration. Abū ʿĪsá said that this Ḥadīth is Ḥasan-Ṣaḥīḥ.
(٤٧-٢) الترمذي:٢٣٨٠حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ الْحِمْصِيُّ وَحَبِيبُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ جَابِرٍ الطَّائِيِّ عَنْ مِقْدَامِ بْنِ مَعْدِيكَرِبَ قَالَ

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «مَا مَلأَ آدَمِيٌّ وِعَاءً شَرًّا مِنْ بَطْنٍ: بِحَسْبِ ابْنِ آدَمَ أُكُلاَتٌ يُقِمْنَ صُلْبَهُ؛ فَإِنْ كَانَ لاَ مَحَالَةَ، فَثُلُثٌ لِطَعَامِهِ، وَثُلُثٌ لِشَرَابِهِ، وَثُلُثٌ لِنَفَسِهِ۔»  

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَرَفَةَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ نَحْوَهُ وَقَالَ الْمِقْدَامُ بْنُ مَعْدِيكَرِبَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ
(47-4) ibnmajah:3349Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik al-Ḥimṣī > Muḥammad b. Ḥarb from my mother from her mother > al-Miqdām b. Maʿdīkarib

“I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘A human being fills no worse vessel than his stomach. It is sufficient for a human being to eat a few mouthfuls to keep his spine straight. But if he must (fill it), then one third of food, one third for drink and one third for air.’”  

(٤٧-٤) ابن ماجة:٣٣٤٩حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْحِمْصِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَتْنِي أُمِّي عَنْ أُمِّهَا أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتِ الْمِقْدَامَ بْنَ مَعْدِيكَرِبَ يَقُولُ

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَا مَلأَ آدَمِيٌّ وِعَاءً شَرًّا مِنْ بَطْنٍ حَسْبُ الآدَمِيِّ لُقَيْمَاتٌ يُقِمْنَ صُلْبَهُ فَإِنْ غَلَبَتِ الآدَمِيَّ نَفْسُهُ فَثُلُثٌ لِلطَّعَامِ وَثُلُثٌ لِلشَّرَابِ وَثُلُثٌ لِلنَّفَسِ