[Machine] No one was allowed to go for Jihad after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ except Abu Bakr, and he wanted to prevent him from it and imprison him. Abu Bakr said, "If you had freed me for the sake of Allah, do not prevent me from Jihad. And if you had freed me for yourself, I have established my course." And he went to Sham until Umar ibn al-Khattab came to him. The Muslims asked Umar ibn al-Khattab to request Bilal to call the Adhan for them, so he asked him and he called the Adhan for them one day, or they said one prayer. Umar ibn al-Khattab was not seen crying on any day as he was on that day when they heard his voice mentioning the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They said, "We see or say that the Adhan of the people of Sham on that day is less than his Adhan." Malik said, "I do not know what is the Adhan or the prayer of a day. Sa'd al-Qath called the Adhan in this mosque during the time of Umar ibn al-Khattab and the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were present in it, and none of them objected to it. So Sa'd and his sons continue to call the Adhan with his Adhan until today. Even if a person who is blind hears from me, I would have thought that this Ummah should unite on their Adhan." Malik was asked, "How was their Adhan?" He said, "They say, 'Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar. Ashhadu allah ilaha illallah, ashhadu allah ilaha illallah, ashhadu anna Muhammadan rasulullah, ashhadu anna Muhammadan rasulullah. Hayya 'ala salah, hayya 'ala salah, hayya'ala alfalah, hayya 'ala alfalah. Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, La ilaha illallah." He said, "And the Iqamah is done once." Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Nasr said, "I see that the scholars of the people of Hadith have unanimously agreed to specify the Iqamah, but they have differed in the Adhan. Some of them chose the Adhan of Abu Mahdhura among them is Malik ibn Anas, al-Shafi'i and their followers. And a group of them chose the Adhan of Abdullah ibn Zaid. The Shaykh among them is al-Auzai, who chose to recite the Adhan twice and specify the Iqamah. Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, Urwah ibn az-Zubayr, al-Hasan al-Basri, Muhammad ibn Sirin, al-Zuhri, Mak'hul, and Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz in a large group."
لَمْ يُؤَذِّنْ لِأَحَدٍ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَرَادَ الْجِهَادَ فَأَرَادَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَنْعَهُ وَحَبْسَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ أَعْتَقْتَنِي لِلَّهِ فَلَا تَحْبِسْنِي عَنِ الْجِهَادِ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ أَعْتَقْتَنِي لِنَفْسِكَ أَقَمْتُ فَخَلَّى سَبِيلُهَ وَكَانَ بِالشَّامِ حَتَّى قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ الْجَابِيَةَ فَسَأَلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ لَهُمْ بِلَالًا يُؤَذِّنُ لَهُمْ فَسَأَلَهُ فَأَذَّنَ لَهُمْ يَوْمًا أَوْ قَالُوا صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً قَالُوا فَلَمْ يُرَ يَوْمًا كَانَ أَكْثَرَ بَاكِيًا مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ حِينَ سَمِعُوا صَوْتَهُ ذِكْرًا مِنْهُمْ لِرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالُوا فَنَحْنُ نَرَى أَوْ نَقُولُ إِنَّ أَذَانَ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ عَنْ أَذَانِهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَالَ مَالِكٌ لَا أَدْرِي مَا أَذَانُ يَوْمٍ أَوْ صَلَاةُ يَوْمٍ أَذَّنَ سَعْدُ الْقَرَظُ فِي هَذَا الْمَسْجِدِ فِي زَمَانِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَأَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مُتَوَافِرُونَ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يُنْكِرْهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ فَكَانَ سَعْدٌ وَبَنُوهُ يُؤَذِّنُونَ بِأَذَانِهِ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ وَلَوْ كَانَ وَالٍ يَسْمَعُ مِنِّي لَرَأَيْتُ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ عَلَى أَذَانِهِمْ فَقِيلَ لِمَالِكٍ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ أَذَانُهُمْ؟ قَالَ يَقُولُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ فَيَقُولُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ حِيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ حِيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ حِيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ حِيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ قَالَ وَالْإِقَامَةُ مَرَّةً مَرَّةً قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ فَأَرَى فُقَهَاءَ أَصْحَابِ الْحَدِيثِ قَدْ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى إِفْرَادِ الْإِقَامَةِ وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي الْأَذَانِ فَاخْتَارَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَذَانَ أَبِي مَحْذُورَةَ مِنْهُمْ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَصْحَابُهُمَا وَاخْتَارَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْهُمْ أَذَانَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ مِنْهُمُ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ كَانَ يَخْتَارُ تَثْنِيَةَ الْأَذَانِ وَإِفْرَادَ الْإِقَامَةِ وَإِلَى إِفْرَادِ الْإِقَامَةِ ذَهَبَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَعُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ وَالْحَسَنُ الْبَصْرِيُّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ وَالزُّهْرِيُّ وَمَكْحُولٌ وَعُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فِي مَشْيَخَةٍ جِلَّةٍ سِوَاهُمْ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ ؓ